
,0 



^'^>' 



^ 



\ 




O . » - V^ O ' , , 5 - ^> 



.•.^'■^ 






^"-i*. ' ^ 















Compiled j5y 
a. Clyde Clarke 






Y/ 






ALL ABOUT 

NASHVILLE 



A Complete 

Historical Guide Book 

to the City 



GIVING 



Correct Information About All Places of Historic Interest, 

Churches, Schools, Commercial and Civic Organizations, 

Public Buildings and Institutions, 

Fraternal and Benevolent Orders, 

and other Valuable General Information 



CONCISE MAP OF BUSINESS COMPLETE INDEX WILL BE 

SECTION OF FOUND IN BACK 

CITY OF BOOK 



>VHYjTHIS BOOK 



The statement of a leading book dealer of this city that 
Nashville has nothing to offer the stranger in the way of a 
guide to the many points of historic interest in and about 
the city, and that there is a constant demand for something 
of the kind, suggested to me the beginning of this book. 

The immediate and cordial interest of members of the 
Commercial Club, the Board of Trade, and the Industrial 
Bureau, encouraged me to complete the little volume. 

I am indebted to friends in these and other organizations, 
to the Banner and the Tcniressean-Amcncan for the use of 
their files, to Carnegie Library, to Foster »& Parkes, and many 
others, for invaluable assistance in compiling the book. 

I regret that I could not open the pages of "All About 
Nashville" to all tirnis of Nashville for advertising purposes, 
and especially to those who expressed a desire to be i-epre- 
souted in its pages. But having decided that the book would 
better sen-e the transient guest if it contained some sugges- 
tions as to the mercantile establishments of the city, I de- 
cided to incorporate only a limited number of advertise- 
ments. 

It is with a special pride that I am able to state that each 
of the firms whose advertisement appears in these pages is 
representative in his respective line, and with a very few 
exceptions, they have all been in business in Nashville for 
many years — some of them for half a century. 

Ida Clyde Clarke. 



gCI,A312248 




HISTORICAL. 



N' ^A-SiHVILLE, the capital city of Tennessee, dis situated 
in the heart of the bhiegrass region of the Volun- 
teer State, aptly and affectionately termed by 
*■ * John Trotwood Moore, a Tennessee writer, the 
"Dimple of the Universe." Tihe city is built on the banks 
of the CumberlaiKl IJiver, iuul it is in almost the exact 
geographical center of Davidson County, of which it is 
the county seat. 

lA. chain or circlet of beautiful hills stretches in a 
curve from the river above to the river below the city. 
These hills formed a natural breastworks during the Civil 
War, and soldiers visiting the city for the tirst time since 
the war, more than forty years after its close, have been 
able to accurately locate many historic places now -within 
the city limits. 

Nashville, as well as the surrounding territory, is par- 
ticularly rich in historic interest. Andrew Jackson 
walked the streets of Nashville when rising from a back- 
woods lawyer to the presidency. Here were executed the 
greatest political pageants in American history when the 
old Wihig party was expending its efforts to carry the 
State for William Henry Harrison in 1840. and in 1844, 
wihen Henry Clay was the opponent of James K. Polk. 



g ALL ABOUT AANIIVILLE 



Here Barnard, the great astronomer, paid off the 
niorti^a.iie on his hdnie by discdvci-iiiij; comets. 

From Nashville marched the troops that forever broke 
the power of the Southern Indians. 

Here were marshaled the forces that won the great- 
est of American victories — ^the battle of New Orleans. 

Texas" fight for independence has resounding echoes 
here. The ladies of Nashville furnished with equipment 
all volunteers to the cause of Texas in<leiien(leuce. 

In the Civil AVar Nashville was one of the battle 
grounds. Grant was making his headquarters here when 
named Lieutenant General of the United States Army. 
Thomas and Hood grappled here for its possession in 
one of the concluding scenes of the war. 

The gunboat Nashville opened the Spanish-American 
War, and the gun that fired the shot is at the present time 
mounted here. 

The first permanent settlement of Nashville came 
mostly from the Watau,i,'a district, which possesi^es the 
unique distinction of having been the first community of 
native Americans that framed an independent constitiution 
for its guidance. 

iSiam Houston, one of the most striking figures in 
American history, Tennessee's bridegroom Governor, left 
Nashville in disguise after resigning the governorship and 
separating from his bride in the most mysterious man- 
ner. He afterward carved out a remarkable career in 
Texas, but this city furnished the setting for one of the 
most dramatic scenes in his eventful life. 

William Walker, the "Grey-Eyed Man of Destiny," 
lived in Nashville and the remains of his former home 
are still to be seen. 

Thomas A. Edison once worked at the Western Union 
Telegraph office in this city. 

Nashville has given to the world's history two Pres- 
idents, Jackson and Polk, and a candidate for the Pres- 
idency, Bell. It has furnished far more than its quota 
of statesmen and heroes. 

A Nashville jurist, Hon. H. H. Lurton, appointed hy 



07' IIltiTOJiW INTEREST 



a President of an opposing political faitli, Hon. Wm. H. 
Taft, occupies a seat in tlie United States Supreme Court. 
Some years ago the honor was paid to another Nashville 
lawyer, Judge Howell E. Jacfeson, Democrat, in his eleva- 
tion to tlie United States Sui)reiue Bench by President 
Pcnjamin II. Harrison, Kejmblican. Otlier Xaslivillc 
lawya-s liave had signal recognition even from ipolitioally 
unfriendly administrations. One has been President of 
the American Bar lAsisociation — Judge J. M. Dickinson, 
late a Democrat in President Taft's Cabinet. Nashville 
physicians have been sent as representatives of the 
United States to scientific gatherings of note in Europe. 
A Nasliville physician, Dr. J. A. Witlierspuon. now heads 
the American Medical iCollege Association. 

'She lias given a President tc the American Berl^shire 
Breeders' Association — Jiesse M. Overton. To business 
Nasliville has furnislied a President of the Hardwood 
Manufacturers' Association of the United States, John 
B. Ransom; a iPresident of 'the American Bankers' Asso- 
ciation, F. O. Warts; a President of the National Hard- 
ware Assdciatl^ion, R. M. Dudley, and a President of tlie 
National Wholesale Druggists' Association, Charles S. 
Martin. 

Thirty miles away is the scene of the battle of Mur- 
freeslboro, where the charge of Breckinridge, second only 
to Pickett's at Gettysburg, was made. Bigiiteen miles 
away, and reached iby railroad and interurlian cars, is 




A PRIAVTE RESIDENCE. 



3 ALL ABOUT NASHVILLE 



the bloody field of Franklin, following wihlch battle five 
Confederate Generals lay dead at the same time on the 
same veranda. In the suburbs of Nashville is the field 
over whioh Thomas and Hood contended for two days in 
the closing years of the war between the States. It caii 
be reuched by auto and trolley cars. This battlefield 
is now being marked. 

Since the Duke of Orleans, destined to become King 
Liouis Philippe of France, and his two ibrothers stopped 
in Nashville in 1797, and slept three in one bed because 
it was court week, the city has entertained countless 
visitors of note. There are material evidences that each 
enjoyed his stay. This is even true of Louis Philippe, 
despite the threein-a-lDed dncident, for while King he sent 
the artist, Healy, here in the closing days of General 
Andrew Jackson's life and had the latter's portrait paint- 
ed. Nashville's list of distinguished visitors has incliKled 
twelve Presidents and ex-Presidents, Princes, soldiers 
from abroad and the most famous men in this country 

In addition to its unexcelled puiblic schools, and its 
splendid private institutions, its colleges and universities, 
Nashvnie has a night school with an annual enrollment 
of 700, where even technical training to a certain extent 
in several branches can ibe had. There are adequate 
hospital facilities, puiblic libraries, countless benevolent 
institutions and splendid Christian associations for young 
men and women. There are parks and playgrounds in 
every quarter of the city, and the sources of wholesome 
amusement include football, baseball, theaters and lyceum 
entertainment. 

The breeding; cstablishnients in the vicinity of Nash- 
ville have a national and international reputation for high 
character of stock. Throughout the world Davidson Coun- 
ty is best known for its running, pacing and trotting 
horses, but it is also justly celebrated for the best breeds 
of asises, oattle, sheep and hogs. As an all-round stock- 
I)roducing country this connty is not suri)asscd by any 
other in the State, and in total value of its live stock it 
is far in advance of any other county. 



OF HISTORIC INTEREST 



The tax rate in Davidson County is $1.30 per thousand. 
The assessed valuation of real and personal property 
for 1910 was $84,576,000, though the actual value was 
about $140,000,000. The bonded indebtedness is $1,440,000. 
There is no floating indebtedness. 

One of the boa:&ts of this county is the system of 
splendid highways, branching in every direction from 




Nashville and thoroughly permeating all parts. There 
are now more than three hundred miles of macadamized 
roads in this county, for the maintenance of which $125,- 
000 per year is expended. 

Iiiversidc Drive, a boulevard extending fi-om Belle 
Meade, five miles west, to the National Cemetery, six 
miles north, is one of the most beautiful drives in the 



IQ ALL ABOUT NASHVILLE 



world. The iHarding Road, from Belle Meade to the city, 
is an already notable and popular highway of great beanty. 
Tihis leads direct to the great Broadway Bridge, on the 
east side of which the new boulevard extends up the 
river to Shelby Park, thence through a fine section of 
the country to Inglewood, one of the handsomest res- 
idence subdivisions in the environs of Nashville, through 
the center of which it passes to the Gallatin Pike and 
thence to the National Cemetery. 

NasiliVille hasi abundant, excellent and cheap raw 
material for manufacturing purposes, such as coal, iron, 
lumber, cotton, wool, phospliate, marble, limestone, glass 
sand and clays. 

There can be grown in the territory surrounding the 
city of Nashville every crop, except tropical fruits, that 
can be raised in the United States. It never has a failure 
of crops. Nashville's average rainfall is 48.82 inches an- 
nually. 

Nashville is in close tonch with enormous coal an:i 
iron fields and forty-seven other minerals which are found 
in worfeaible quantities. 

Nashville can furnish cheap and abuiulant building 
material. Nashville itself is a great market, a great 
manufacturer of its raw material at hand, and a great 
distributer of these manufactured products through its 
easy access to other markets and its favorable transporta- 
tion facilities and rates. There are millions of acres near 
Nashville still unoccupied. 

Second in importance to accessibility of raw material 
and fuel are transportation facilities, or access to tho 
world's markets. Nashville, in addition to her 600 miles 
of navigable river, has three railroad systems, two with 
headquarters here. They are the Louisville & Nashville, 
the Nashville, Chattanooga & St. Louis, and the Ten- 
nessee Central. The Louisville & Nashville, running north 
and south, operates 4,400 miles of line. The Nashville, 
Chattanooga i^ St. Louis oomeis from iHickman, Ky., and 
Memphis on the west, and reaches Atlanta on the south, 
miles of Line operated 1,240. The Tennessee Central taps 
the Illinois Central at Hopkinsville, Ky., on the west, and 



OF UlSTONia INTEREkiT H 



the Queen & Ca-'ascent route and the Southern Railway 
on the east. While the Loulsvilile & Nashville and the 
Nasihvf.ille, Cliattanooga & iSt. Louis are allied lines, their 
interest in N'ashville has ibeen expressed in the hand- 
somest Union Stati(;n in tlic South, and one of tlii' li.-ind- 
somest in the country. By direct lines Nashville prod- 
ucts reach the coast at New Orleans, Moibile and Pen- 
sacola. By her Atlanta cionnections on the southeast and 
Knoxville connections on the east the Atlantl'ic seaboard 
is easy of access at Jacksonville, Savannah, Chaiiestion 
and Norfolk. C'inoinnati is 'her gateway to the trunk lines 
to the east and the transcontinental lines of the north- 
west. The wesit and southwest are easy of access through 
Memiphis and St. Louis, which are reaclied by direct l-'ne. 
Millions of dollars are now being expended by all Nash- 
ville railroads in extensions and physical improvements. 

Meanwhile, upon the picturesque Cumberland River, 
the Federal Government is constantly spending its hun- 
dreds of thousands to make its system of locks complete, 
for it affords navigation for 383 miles albove Naslhville and 
to the Ohio, 200 miles away, below Nashville. The boat 
lines operating upon its waters touch at forty-five cities 
and towns along \tz length, witili a total of nearly 40(1 
landing places. In 1910 the total tonnage handled on the 
Cumberland wa? 9,540,201, of an estimated value of 
$28,620,603. Tobacco, grain, livestock and lumber were 
the main products handled. 

^ ^ ^ 

The Battle of the Bluffs. 

When Donelson and the first settlers came up the Cuni- 
lierland to their lauding at the foot of the Cumberland 
I'.luffs to .ioin Iiobertson's party, they literally landed 
into a battletield. The sreat bluffs, still liftin- their un- 
daunted fronts to heaven, bear eternal and unchallenged 
testimony to the mighty deeds of those mighty men w'ho 
helped to make the history of lAmerica and the freedom of 



12 



ALL ABOUT NASHVILLE 



the world. Those old bluffs were her first battlefields; 
here Donelson, and Robertson, and Buchanan, and the long 
list of the pioneer immortals fought the great battle with 
the Oherokees in 1781. This is one of the battles that for 
courage and interest is not surpassed by anything in all 
the books of fiction. The Cherokees had laid in ambush all 
night, attacking the fort next morning, and were chased off 
by the intrepid settlers, who pursued them straight down 
what is now Broadway, the beautiful division street of the 
city. 




U. S. REGULARS FIRING SALUTE OVER GEN. JACKSON S GRAVE. 

The history of this battle is a recital of courage such 
as the world has never surpassed, and the result was a 
bolt holding to the tottering foundation stones of a great 
unborn country. 

The savages, luring their pursuers on into the trap they 
had planned, led them down Broadway to the intersection 
of Demonbreun and College streets, where the pursuers dis- 
mounted to give battle. Immediately at a point of Cherry 
street, now Fourth avenue, the Indians dashed out of their 
ambush and proceeded to carry out their plan of heading 
off the settlers and capturing the horses which fled in the 
direction of the iFrench Lick, dashing past the fort. 

The Indians, too, pushed on toward the Fort, the gates 
of which were closed, and but for the attack made upon 



OF HISTORIC INTEREST 13 



them by the settlers' dags, trained for warfare with the 
savages, and set upon the savages by the women, not a 
woman or child would have (been left free of tomahawk on 
that memorable day. The Indians, occupied with the at- 
tack of the ferocious dogs, and intent upon securing the 
fleeing horses, forgot for the moment the perilous condition 
of the settlers and the helplessness of the fort; when they 
were again able to direct themselves to the matter of mas- 
sacre the settlers had succeeded in getting back to safety. 



.{. ^ ^ 



William Walker, 



One of the most interesting characters in fact or fiction 
was William Walker, the noted "fiUbusterer," called the 
"Grey-Eyed Man of Destiny," whose thrilling story is so 
well told by Richard Harding Davis in his "Soldiers of For- 
tune." The house where he lived at 142 Fourth Avenue, 
North, is almost demolished, but the lover of history will 
find a visit to the old place interesting. 

Born in Nashville, May 8, 1824, there was little worthy 
of note in the early years of the man who ibecame suc- 
cessively a doctor, a lawyer, editor. President of Republic, 
Mayor, General and President of another Republic, the 
oibject of deep concern to Ehgland, a thorn in the side of 
two administrations in the United States, and yet died at 
36. He was described by his contemporaries as cold, quiet, 
studious, painfully modest, slight, effeminate, almost insig- 
nificant in appearance. He was graduated from the Uni- 
versity of Nashville in 1838, and from the medical college 
of the University of Philadelphia in 1843. He completed 
his medical studies in Edinburgh, and then traveled over 
Europe. 

In 1850 he went to California, after cowhiding a rival 
editor in New Orleans. In San Francisco he was fined and 
sentenced to prison for contempt of court. He also fought 
two duels there, in one of which he was shot in the foot; 
he endeavored to conceal the wound by scraping sand over 



14 ^^LL ABOUT NASHVILLE 



it with tlie other foot so he could claim another shot. He 
was all his life unskilled in the use of firearms. 

He settled for a time to practicing law in Maryville, 
Cal.; then, in 1853, after a visit to the province of iSonora, 
in Mexico, set at)out organizing an expedition for its con- 
quest. Nov. 3, 1853, he seized the town of LaPaz, in Lower 
California, capturing its Governor and archives. He had 
only forty-three men with him. He proclaimed the Repub- 
lic of Sonora with himself President, formed a Cabinet, es- 
tablished offices, and wrote friends in San Francisco that 
his Government was established on a firm and sure basis. 
Recruits who went to join his standard were of such a law- 
less character that some were shot and others driven away. 

As he had no boats in which to cross the Gulf of Cal- 
ifornia to reach Sonora from LaPaz, he marched the length 
of Lower California, crossed the Colorado River on rafts, 
and marched into the territory the people of which were 
unaware that they had been incorporated into his new Re- 
public. 

Disease, desertion and ibattle reduced his small force so 
that he had to retreat toward American soil. He reached 
San Diego, May 8, 1854, and surrendered his "army" 
of thirty-four men to an officer of the United States, and 
was paroled to appear for trial for violation of the neu- 
trality laws. iHe was tried in San Francisco in iMay, 1854, 
and acquitted. 

In 1854 he made a contract with the head of the 
stronger of the contending factions in Nicaragua to land 
300 colonists liable to military duty in that country. 
Wialker is said to have submitted this contract to the 
United States District Attorney in iSan Francisco, to Gen- 
eral Wood, then in command of the Pacific Division, and 
to Col. John C. Fremont, all of whom pronounced it legal. 
Walker admits in his own account of the affair, published 
in 1860, that he did not mention to these gentlemen his 
intention to introduce slavery in Nicaragua. He left San 
Francisco with fifty-six men. He landed June 15, 1855, and 
the men were mustered into the army as the "American 
Phalanx," and Walker was commissioned Colonel. They 
were in twelve battles from June till October, always 



OF HISTORIC INTEREST 15 



against superior numbers, and always short of supplies of 
all kinds. 

In October, 1855, the two parties made peace, and 
Walker was made commander-in-chief of the army of the 
entire country. 

.Tul,\' I"-'. IS-'C). he h;i(l liinisclf inaugurated I'rcsidcut <if 
the Itepublit- of Nicaragua, formed a Cabinet and officially 
received the iMinister from the United States. He antag- 
onized the interests of the (American Atlantic & Pacific 
Ship Canal Company, at the head of which was Cornelius 
Vanderbilt, and which had large stockholders in England. 
This brought about such an international tangle as 
Walker's narrow vision could not foresee, and after being 
reduced to eating flesh of dogs and mules he, on May 1, 
1857, surrendered to Captain Davis, of the United States 
warship IMary. (He had held 'Nicaragua twenty months, 
and in that time had drawn to his standard 2,843 men, 
mostly from California. 

On his return to the United States he was received 
everywhere with enthusiasm except in Washington. He 
rode in a carriage through Nashville, cheered by hundreds, 
and made speeches there and in other places, declaring 
his intention of returning to Nicaragua, and through the 
newspapers he called on men to join him. He organized 
another expedition, was arrested in New Orleans, tried 
and acquitted, and within two weeks landed with 200 men 
in the San Juan harbor, almost under the guns of the 
United States warship Saratoga. In a short time the 
United States frigate Wabash, Capt. Paulding, demanded 
Walker's surrender, landed 350 men and brought the guns 
of his ship to bear on Walkers camp. Walker surrendered 
and was paroled. He presented himself in Wlashington, 
and was told the 'Government did not consider him a pris- 
oner. Captain Paulding's course was investigated by Con- 
gress, and was the sub.1ect of resolutions, reports, amend- 
ments and discussions for months. 

Felix Zollicoffer was then Representative from th? 
:\ashville district, and be defended Walker strongly, but 
temperately. 



16 



ALL ABOUT NASHVILLE 



Walker projected three other exipeditions — one from 
Mobile, in December, 1858, and was wrecked off the coast 
of Honduras; another expeditionary force was held at 
New Orleans by the Collector of the port, and a third was 
stopped at the wharf by a United iStates frigate. Then, 
in 1860, he tried again. He left Mobile in August with 
about 100 men, and landed on Ruatan, an island off the 
coast of Honduras. In a few weeks he surrendered to a 
British man-of-war, whose commander turned him over to 
the Government of Honduras. iHe was tried and con- 
demned, and was shot September 12, 1860. An effort was 
made to obtain his body for burial in Tennessee, but was 
refused on the ground that attempts had been made to 
steal it. 




THE HERMITAGE. 



OF HISTORIC INTEREST yj 



The Hermitage. 



s 



ITUATEiD twelve miles from Naslnnlle on the L«eb- 
anon road is the "Hermitage," home of Gen, An- 
drew Jackson. The handsome old estate is just 
as it was in the days of "Old Hickory," and it 
L-uiilaiiis many inlcrrsting relics of President JaelvSOii 
and his family. The pike leading out to the Her- 
mitage is oxocedingly lirtiutifnl and antomobile tri])s 
may he easily arranged. The place is under the care of 
the Ladies' Hermitage Association, and a custodian in 
charge is always glad to show visitors through and explain 
to them the many points of interest in and around the 
place. 

The HeT-mitage is built in old colonial style of archi 
ttcture, with large verandas In front and rear, a wide 
hallway with douhle rooms on either side and v.jngs 
supplementing these. The rooms are large and spacious. 
In the stable is still to be seen the old s^tage coach used 
by Jackson at the White House for all state, ceremoni?l 
and social purposes and for several trips to the Hermitage, 
which took thirty days' time from Washington. The skel- 
eton of the phaeton is all that is left of the beautifu,! 
vehicle presented to General Jackson by the "Democratic- 
Republican"' citizens of Philadelphia. It was made from 
timbers taken from the old ship Constitution. The letter 
of presentation hangs in the museum. 

In the yard are the graves of Andrew Jackson and 
his wife and other members of the family. The tomb 
was built by General Jackson long before his death and 
was erected over his wife with a vault left vacant for 
himself. 

In this connection, it would not be amiss to state that 
one of the persons who attended the funeral services of 
Tennessee's illustrious General-President is at this writing 
passing the evening of his long earthly existence quietly 
at his country home live miles from tlie city of Nash- 
ville — an old German hy the name of Treppard, who as 
2 



18 ALL ABOUT NASHVILLE 



one of the members of a company of State militia offi- 
ciated in tlie capacity of sealing tlie coffin lid before final 
interment of tlie remains. 

Ttie original Hermitage was built in 1804, of logs, and 
part of it is still standing. 

Aaron Burr made his famous visit to the Hermitage 
in 1805 and was entertained in this log house. Oeneral 
.Jackson was living in the log house when the battle of 
New Orleans was fought in 1815, and returned to this 




humble home the "conquering hero" and idol of the nation. 
The present site was selected and built upon in 1819, of 
bricik made on the place. 

Lafayette was entertained at the Hermitage in 1825. 

Mrs. Rachael Jaclcson, wife of General Jackson, died 
in 1828, just after he was elected President and on the 
eve of his departure for Washington for the inauguration. 

The brick house was burned in 1834 and was imme- 
diately rebuilt. General Jackson's adopted son, Andrew 
Jackson, Jr., was married in 1831 to Miss Sarah Yorke, 
of Philadelphia, and all of their children were born at 
the Hermitage, and were the solace and comfort of Gen- 
eral Jackson's declining years. 



OF HISTORIC INTEREST 19 



General Jackson died in 1845, at tlie age of 78 years, 
The Hermitage farm was sold by Andrew Jackson, Jr., 
in 1856 to the State of Tennessee for the sum oif $48,000. 

The State of Tennessee offered the Hermitage to the 
United States Government for a branch of the West Point 
Academy, but the Civil W^ar prevented a consummation 
of the plan. Gen. George H. Thomas, commandant at 
the post of Nashville, sent out a detailed guard to pi-otect 
the place and saved it from devastation. 

The Ladies' Hermitage Association was chartered in 
1859, and the State Legislature conveyed to the Associa- 
tion, through a board of trustees, the entire property, to 
'■preserve, beautify and adorn throughout all the coming 
years, in a manner most befitting the memory of that 
great luan and commensurate with the gratitude of his 
coimtrynaen." 

The present sources of revenue are membership fees 
and annual dues, an admission of 25 cents at the door 
and proceeds from the sale of photographs and souvenirs. 
The work of sustenation has been aided by the iState's 
appropriation of $100 per month. 

President Roosevelt visited the Hermitage October 
22, 1907, and in a speech then promised Government aid. 
He incorporated the matter in his annual message, and 
as a result, and through the efforts of Senator James B. 
Frazier and Congressman John W. Gaines, boith of whom 
are trustees. Congress made an appropriation of $5,000 
to repair and improve the Hermitage. This fund, judi- 
ciously expended, completed the work so well carried 
on by the Ladies' Hermitage Association and enabled it 
to put the house and grounds in the present state of 
excellent preservation. 

The Hermitage Church. 

Situated near the Hermitage is a quaint little church, 
recently restored by loving liands, built in 1823 by Gen- 
eral Jackson that his beloved wife might have church 
privileges. It was a Presbyterian church and services 
were held there regularly for many years. 



20 ^LL ABOUT NASHVILLE 



Here il was that Old Hickory laid down his anus 
before the llii'oiio oL' the One Great Master and became in 
siiirit as a little child. Ho united with the church in 1837. 

tX» <>+• •% 



The Visit of LaFayette. 



The visit to Nashville in 1S2~>, of (Jeneral LaFayette, 
is one of the most interesting events in the annals of 
the city. 

With liis son and suite lie arrived on the 4th day of 
May, 1825, and was received with the most enthusiastic 
demonstrations by General Jackson, Governor Carroll, and 
other distingiuislied ditizens. 'Great military splendor at- 
tended the icereimonies in his honor and he always re- 
ferred to his visit to Nashville as one of the most pleas- 
ant incidents of his life. 

(Jeueral LaFayette \isited the (Jraiid LdiUe of Ten- 
nessee, the Royal Arch Chaptei", and the Masonic fra- 
ternity generally. General LaFayette, dui'ing his staj', was 
entertained at the Hermitage. 

^ 4* ^ 



General Sam Houston. 



Closely associated with old Nashville are many of the 
most tragic events in the remai'-kable career of Sam Hous- 
ton. Here he practiced law in 1818, after having served 
under Andrew Jackson against the Creek Indians. The 
chief interest of association with this strangely fated man 
of genius was his brief administration as Governor of this 
State until he resigned his high office in exchange for the 
haunts of the Cherokees. It is said of General Houston, 
the man whose ability placed him in the Governor's chair 
of two States, and whose courage and military genius 
silenced lli(> l)attories of Santa Anna and gave independence 
to the Republic of Texas, that for a wound in the heart the 



OF HISTORIC INTEREST 21 



statesman and soldier fled the halls of high honor and the 
ways of glory in his native State to forget his disappoint- 
ment in the Western wilderness. 

The mystery surrounding his separation from his bride 
is as deep now as it was then. Houston had announced 
as a candidate for re-election as Governor of Tennessee 
and had left his friends on Saturday apparently in good 
spirits. On Monday morning they were shocked to hear 
that he had separated from his wife of a few months. To 
a close friend he said: "I can make no explanation. I 
exonerate this lady fully, and do not justify myself. I am 
a ruined man; will exile myself, and now ask you to take 
my resignation to the Secretary of State." Next morning 
he left Nashville by boat in disguise and when next heard 
of was living among the Cherokee Indians. 

^ 4* 4. 

Nashville in the Civil War. 

Tennessee, as well as the city of Nashville, was de- 
cidedly opposed to separating from the other States, this 
sentiment ibesing expressed by a popular vote as well as 
in other ways. But the firing on Fort iSumpter forced 
I he people to the Confederate side. 

Intelligence of the fall of Fort Donelson, situated 70 
miles up the Cumberland river (now the town of Dover), 
reached Nashville Sunday morning, Feb. 16, 1862, and 
produced the utmost consternation. The Legislature was 
convened, but speedily adjourned to Memphis, whither 
the publiic archives and money were also removed. 

General Albert Sydney Johnston's army (concen- 
trated at Bowling Green) commenced passing through the 
city, and continued until the entire force went throug'h. 
General Floyd was left to cover the retreat. It was a 
real panic. 

On the niglit of Feb. 18 the troops destroyed the sus- 
pension bridge and the railroad bridge, against the earn- 
est protest of the leading citizens. 



22 ^LL ABOUT NASHVILLE 



On Feb. 23 the rear guard of the Confederate army 
left, and General D. C. Buell occupied Edgefield with Fed- 
eral troops. 

On the next day Mayor Cheatham and a committee of 
citizens surrendered the city, and the surrender took 
place on the 25th. 

Governor Johnson acted as military governor from 
Miarch 12, 1862, to the close of the war. He ousted the 
Mayor and City Council for refusing to take the oath of 
allegiance to the United States, and appointed others in 
the'ir places. 

A great miany citizens, most of them leading men in 
society, and several of them ministers of the Gospel, were 
arrested 'by order of Governor Johnson and put into 
prison. 

A union meeting was held in Nashville on May 12, 
1862. On May 25 several newspaper offices were con- 
fisicated and' their pulblication stopped. 

At times the city was entirely out off from communi- 
cation with the outside world. 

General Buell and his army had left the city for the 
Tennessee river, and General Rosseau took command in 
the latter part of August, but was succeeded by a volun- 
teer, General Negley. 

General Rosecrans was in ioommand in Novemlber, and 
made his headquarters in Nashville until the close of the 
v/ar. 

General Grant, as the commander-in-chief of the Army 
of the Cumber'land, made his headquarters in Nashville 
also. 

The battle of L/avergne, fifteen miles from the city, 
was fought Oct. 7, a signal little victory for the Federal 
troops. 

^ ^ ^ 



Grim Fort Negley. 



Fort Negley, on old St. Cloud Hill, bears notable ear- 
marks of the war. This historic eniinenee, one of the tall- 
est in the County, was once a beautiful,' finely timbered 



OF HISTORIC INTEREST 



23 




CONFEDERATE MONUMENT, MT. OLIVET. 



site, but the trees were destroyed by the Union armies, 
and the elevation, left unpi'otected to the elements, was 
soon washed clear of its soil and left a barren, unsightly 
Golgotha. 

It was here that Negley, the Provost Marshal, im- 
prisoned the citizens of Nashville, which feat he is said to 
have greatly enjoyed. The old hill will remain forever a 
monument to his peculiar idea of happiness. 



24 ALL ABOUT NASHVILLE 



It was here after the war in an old deserted mag- 
azine dug into the hill that one of the Ku Klux organiza- 
tions of Nashville had its hiding place. 

4. ^ ^ 



Battle of Stone's River. 



One of the bloodiest conflicts of the Civil war was 
the battle of Stone's River, fought Dec. 31 and Jan. 2, 
about three miles from Murfreegboro. 

A heautiful monument commemorates the valor of 
the Confederate soldiers who fell in that memorable con- 
flict and some of the ©arthworfes are still to be seen on 
the field. Another monument marks the S'pot where the 
fifty-two 'guns of Rosecrans' army were assemibled. 
Murffeeishoro is thirty miles southeast of Nashville, on 
the Nashville, Chattanooga & St. Louis Railway, and the 
citizens of the progressive little dity take a deep interest 
in showing visitors over the batlefield and telling aJgain 
the story of the tragic days hack in '61. 

This (battle has its place among the most bitterly 
fought emcounters of the Ciivil War. For three days the 
armies faced each other and two of these days were spent 
in the most despeirate fighting. 

At the close of the year 1862 Rosecrans' army lay 
in the vicinity of Nashville, with Braigg's force located in 
and near Murfreesboro. On the day after Christmias Rose- 
crans began his forward movement, advancing along the 
M'urfreesiboro and iPranklin roads, the Nashville and Mur- 
freesboro turnpike and the Wilkinson turnpike. En 
route there were clashes at Knob Gap, Lavergne and 
Nolensville, and on Dec. 30, the Federal army confronted 
the position of the opposing- force. There were 80,000 
men in all. The aggregate losses of the two armies were 
a fourth of that mimber. 

Bragg hegan the battle with a fierce attack on the 
Federal right. First, Johnson gave way, exposing Davis, 
whose line was in tnrn hroken. 



OF HISTORIC INTEREST 25 



McCook's corps, which formed the Federal right, suf- 
fered severely. The attack of Cleburne and Cheatham 
upon lit was resistless. The opposing force was swept 
away and their portion of the line of blue was broken 
and beaten baclv through la forest of cedars three 
miles from the old Franklin road to the Nashville and 
■Murfreesboro turnpike. Two brigades of Breckinridge's 
Brigade, crossing Stone's River, reinforced the bleeding 
Confederate division that Lad made the attack. It was 
a fvitical nionient for the Union Aniiy. as the prepara- 
tions for the renewal of the assault were made. 

But Thomas, who commanded the Union center, and 
who was to become the savior at Chickamauga, reformed 
the broken line along the line of the Nashville, Chatta- 
nooga & St. Louis Railway with a cut for breastworks. 
The key to the position Was held by Hazen's Brigade, and 
it is an interesting fact that G-eneral Hazen. was the first 
husband of iMrs. George Dewey. An impetuous assault 
was made, but the line held, the greatest feat of the 
resistance being the defense of Hazen's regiments, in 
recognition of which a stone monument now stands upon 
tlie battlefield. 

It was during this dav's fighting that Wheeler's Cav- 
alry encircled the entire Union army, breaking up its 
supply trains and carrying consternation to the rear. 

On the first day of the new year time was spent in 
preparing for the new struggle. The fighting was con- 
fined chiefly to cannonading and the Federals readjusted 
their line of battle and brought up their supply of pro- 
visions and ammunition. It was a breathing spell after 
the first round which both sides needed badly. Bragg, 
still on the offensive, began the battle January 2, and, 
covering the movement with a heavy artillery fire on 
the Federal right and center, he gave Breckinridge or dors 
to charge the Federal left. The charge was one of the 
great spectacular movements of the western army, second 
in all the war only to Pickett's famous charge ajt Gettys- 
burg. 

As oh the first day, the Union line was driven back 



26 ALL ABOUT NASHVILLE 



to M'cFadden's Ford and across the river. Then, sweep- 
ing on and into the stream, the Confederate column in 
turn came in contact with a resistless force. On the 
high ground to the west of the river and only 500 yards 
away were assembled all the guns of the left win^ ot 
Rosecrans" army, fifty-two in number. They were heavily 
supported by infantry, and double-shotted with grape and 
fired at this short range, they delivered a staggering blov/ 
to the Confederate advance. In the face of the storm 
the shattered and bleeding division recoiled after suffering 
fearful loss. 

The Union troops, following up the advantage, retook 
the elevated ground beyond McFadden's Ford, and that 
night their army entrenched itself in its position. Bragg's 
forces leisurely retired to the banks of Stone's River. 

It was one of the bloodiest battles of the war. Gen- 
eral Dodge places the Federal loss at 12,000 and that of 
the Confederates at 10,000. Other figures are lower, giv- 
ing Bragg the larger casualty. The loss of some of the 
organizations engaged was frightful. The Eighth Ter- 
nessee out of 444 men engaged lost 300 killed, or 69 per 
cent. The loss of the celebrated Light Brigade at Bala- 
klava was only 36 per cent. 

•T« 9+a 9^ 

Battle of FranJ^lin. 

(November 30, 1864.) 

HE battle of Franklin was one of the most des- 
perate and sanguinary battles of the Civil War, 
the loss in generals far exceeding that of any of 
the other great battles. General Schofield, com- 
manding the Federal army, was on his way from 
Pulaski, via Columbia, to join General Thomas at Nash- 
ville. General Hood, commanding the Confederate forces, 
hoped by a rapid march from Florence, Ala., to intercept 
and destroy General Schofield' s army before the latter 
could accomplish his purpose. Iloth armies met at Colum- 



T^ 



OF UISTORW INTEREST 



27 



bia, the Federals occupying the town. Hood made no at- 
tack, but began at once to cross Duck river a few miles 
above. His plan was made known to General Schofield, 
who moved his whole command to the north side of the 
river and recommenced his march to Nashville. By ;] 
p. m. of the 29th the main body of the Confederate army 
had succeeded in crossing the river and was within two 
or three miles of Spring Hill and in full view of the 
enemy's wagons and men passing at double-quick along 
the pike from Columbia to Franklin. Orders were at once 
issued by General Hood for the leading corps to take 
posses'son of and hold the pike at or near Spring Hill, but 
for some reason his orders were not carried out. The 
Confederates went into bivouac in sight of the pike, and 
the Federals passed them during the night almost under 
the light of their camp-fires. The next day found General 
Schofield strongly entrenched in front of Franklin. Hood 
thereupon determined to retrieve the lost opportunity oy 
one grand and supreme effort to overtake and rout him, 
and drive him into the Big Harpeth river, at Franklin. 
Consequently, at dawn on the 30th, the troops were put 
in motion with orders to march as rapidly as possible. 
IFranklin is situated in a bend of the Big Harpeth river, 
and the line of defense selected by General- Schofield was 
a half-circle, the centre guarding the Columbia pike, with 




A NASHVILLE HOME. 



28 ALL ABOVT ^NASHVILLE 



'both, flanks resting on the river. The whole ground in 
front of his line sloped gently, and every part of it could 
'be plainly seen from the vv^orks. On came the Confed- 
erates with their wild "rebel yell," as steady and resistless 
as a tidal wave, sweeping before them two brigades of 
the Federals that had been left on a knoll to retard their 
advance. The surging mass charged on to the very works 
through a rain of bullets. The Federal center gave way 
near the Columbia pike, and through the gap poured the 
Confederates. The result was a desperate hand-to-hand 
encounter, the combatants endeavoring to club one an- 
other with their muskets. It is reported that soldiers 
were even dragged from one side of tiie breastworks to 
the other by men reaching over and seizing them by the 
hair or collar. \Aii this critical moment a brigade of Fed- 
erals gallantly charged and restored the line, capturing 
albout seven hundred Confederate troops within the en- 
trenchments. An osage orange hedge on the Federal left 
broke the full force of the Cenfederate charge, as they 
could not get through it, and their men went down before 
the Federal fire like leaves in the fall of the year. 

Thus the battle raged until darkness put an end to the 
terrible struggle that began about 4 p. m. Schofield with- 
drew during the night, leaving his dead and wounded on 
the field. 

The following Cenfederate generals were killed in 
this engagement: Cleburne, Cranberry, Adams, Gist, 
Strahl and Carter; five others were wounded and one cap- 
tured. 

The best estimate that can 'be anade of the number of 
men engaged is as follows: Federals about 28,000, loss 
about 2,300; Confederates about 22,000, loss about 6,200. 
Two divisions of iLee's corps, C. S. A., did not arrive in 
time to take part in the battle. 

Franklin is eighteen miles from Nashville and is 
reached Toy the Interur'ban line. A splendid monument 
adorns the public square of the town and commemorates 
the valor of tlie brave men who lost their lives in what 
has been called the bloodiest liattle of the Civil War. The 



OF HISTORIC INTEREST £9 



old home on the porch of which five Confederate generals 
lay dead after the battle is one of the interesting historic 
places to be seen. 

-{' -h -h 

Battle of Nashville. 

(December 15 and 16^ 1864.) 



Tl 1 1 ]•] battle uf Xasliville was one of the Jiiost de- 
cisive cuntlirts during the closing year of the 
war. Tin,' Federal troops, consisting of about 55,- 
*•— ^ (hjO men, under connnand of Maj.-Gen. George 11. 
Thonjas, occupied the heights within and immediately snr- 
roomding the city. The Confederate army, about 23,000 
effective men, under command of Gen. J. B. Hood, took po- 
sition on the next i^ange of hills in. front of the city, their 
main line extending from the Nolensvllle pike, across the 
Franklin and Granny White pikes, to the hills south and 
southwest of the city, with cavalry on either flank extend- 
ing to the river. Both armies were ice-bound for a week 
prior to the 14th of December. 

On the iiiornhig of the 15th the Federals siiiuilta- 
neousiy attacked both flanks of the Confederate army, their 
intention being to make a heavy demonstration on Hood's 
right, cause him to draw re-enforcements from his center 
and left, and then press his left flank severely and gain 
possession of the rear, cutting off retreat to Franklin. The 
movement was partially successful, as the Confederate 
left was forced back into a new position. In his report of 
the battle General Thomas says tihat the total result of 
the day's operations was the capture of isixteen pieces of 
artillery and 1,200 prisoners, besides several hundred 
stands of small arms and al)out forty wagons. 

lEarly on the morning of the 16th the Federals com- 
menced a general attack on the entire Confederate line, 
(but were repulsed with heavy loss until aibout 3:30 p. m., 
when the Confederate left center gave way, causing in a 
few moments the entire line to give way at all points, and 
tlhe forces to retire in complete disorder down the pike 



30 ALL ABOUT NASHVILLE 



in the direction of Franklin. Tlie Confederate lo&s in 
artillery was lieavy — 54 guns — which was occasioned by 
the fact that the horses were sent to the rear for safety 
and the giving way of the line was so sudden that it was 
impossible to ibring forward the horses to move the guns. 

At Brentwood, about four miles from the line of hat- 
tie, the troops were somewhat collected, encamping in the 
vicinity for the night. 

It is impossible to ascertain with any degi-ee of ac- 
curacy the total loss on either side, but it is estimated 
that Hood lost about 5,500, and Thomas about 3,057. The 
Confederates, hard pressed, were forced back across the 
Tennessee river. 

Ex-Governor James D. Porter, in his account of the 
battle in his "Confederate Military History,'' says: 

"The Army of Tennessee rested in position before 
Nashville from the 2nd to the 13th of December. Two 
brigades left in the rear joined their commands, but three 
were in front of IMurfreesboro with Forrest and did not 
participate in the battle of the 16th. From Ridley's Hill 
on the Nolensville pike, the centre of Cheatham's corps, 
there was an unobstructed view of Federal movements 
and preparations for (battle. The arrival of troops, the 
concentration of Wilson's cavalry, was all in plain view. 
The weather was very severe and the suffering of the 
men was great. There was no supply of shoes, and the 
men covered their bare feet with rawhide taken from 
animals freshly slaiiightered. Hundreds of Tennesseans 
passed their own doors on the march without halting, and 
many were in sight of their homes when the guns opened." 
Later Governor Porter says: 

"The casualties were inconsiderable in numbers. 
There was no serious resistance to the Federal advance; 
it was a battle without an engagement in a contest; and 
the wonder is that Thomas, with a large and well ap- 
pointed army, more than tremble the strengih of Hood's, 
did not press his right, seize the Franklin turnpike and 
capture of the entire army. Hood's army was in an unre- 
liable state, the clothing of the men was scant, and the 



OF HISTORIC INTEREST SI 



per cent of the barefooted was distressing. On the re- 
treat out of Tennessee the weather was very severe, rain, 
sleet and snow falling upon the army after the second 
day's march; but the spirit of endurance seemed to rise 
as difficulties multiplied." 

Major-General Thomas, in his official report says of 
Hood's army: '"With the exception of ihis rear guard, 
his army had become a disheartened and disorganized 
rabble of half-armed and barefooted men, who sought 
every opportunity to fall out by the wayside and desert 
the cause to put an end to their suffering. The rear 
guard, however, was undaunted and firm, and did its work 
bravely to the last." 

Tihe Hermitage Club, 211 Sixth Avenue, North, became 
Union headquarters after the battle of Nashville and 
holds much historic interest for the visitor. 

^ ^ ^ 



Zollicoffer Barracl^s. 
(Maxwell House.) 



The Maxwell House, one of Nashville's leading hotels, 
holds for the visitor and the lover of history much of his- 
toric interest. 

The first spade pierced the soil for the present Max- 
well House August 17, 1859. At a meeting of leading cit- 
izens shortly before this date "John Kirkman and Samuel 
D. Morgan were appointed commissioners to act for the 
subscribers to the hotel to be erected by John Overton, 
Esq., on the corner of Church and Cherry Streets.'' 

The Maxwell iHouse was formally opened for the re- 
ception of guests on September 22, 1869, by M. Kean & Co , 
and since that time many distinguished visitors have been 
entertained within its hospitable walls. 

When the hotel was begun it seemed so much out of 
proportion to the size of the city that it was called "Over- 
ton's Folly." 



32 ^LL ABOUT NASHVILLE 



During the war, it was in a partially completed state 
and was used for barracks. To every soldier of the Civil 
War who fought in the gi-cnt b;ittles around Nashville the 
Maxwell House is known as "Zollicoffer Barracks." 

It was during this period that a serious catastrophe 
occurred, the stairway falling and killing several men. 

Mr. A. H. Robinson (now proprietor)) and Mrs. Rob- 
inson, returned from their honeymoon trip soon after the 
hotel opened and have made their home there since. 

^ ^ ^ 



Hetty McEwen's Flag. 



Conspicuous among the patriotic women of the 60'g 
was Hetty MoEwen, over whose home, 117 Eighth Ave- 
nue, North, the United States flag floated during the entire 
Civil War. To Mrs. iMcErwen the flag was not the flag of 
the Federal armies, but the emblem for which her ances- 
tors fought at King's Mountain, and as such it was revered 
and loved. The Confederates offered no objection to it and 
the Union forces paid her much respect because of it. 

While displaying the flag of the Northern armies Mrs 
McEwen was feeding and helping to clothe the Southern 
soldiers. The original flag that floated from the Spruce 
Street residenre is in possession of Mr. Waldo McEwen of 
this city and is highly prized. 

.J. ^ ^ 

Immortalizing Sam Davis. 



NEAR the southwest entrance to the Capitol Grounds 
stands the statxie to the memory of Sam Davis, 
the young Confederate hero who gave his life 
~^ rather than betray a friend. The statue is the 
work of the sculptor Zolnay and is -a graceful and 
tender reminder of the noible life and tragic death of 
Tennessee's young hero. 



OF HISTORIC INTEREST 



33 



That the beautiful and touching story of Sam Davis 
was told to the "world, and that the bronze statue now 
stands on the Capitol Grounds to perpetuate his memory, 
is due to the initiative of Mr. S. lA. Cunningham, editor 
of the Confederate Veteran. Mr. Cunningham himself 
stated that when the story was first sent to him he was 
not disposed to print it. Not because it did not deserve 
mention, but because there were so miany heroic deeds 
reported that it seemed almost like discrimination to 
give space to one above the others. However, some time 
later the greatness of the character of Sam Davis and 
his heroism were brought forcibly home to him by thn 
remark of a Union soldier, and Mr. Cunningham thought 
that if so much appreciation could come from the Union 
side it was time the Southern people were knowing mors 
about their young martyr. 

No sooner did Mr. Cunningham publish the tragic 
story than it attracted attention, and when the movement 
for the monument was started there was a cordial re- 
sponse from people in all States Oif the Union. 




34 ALL ABOUT NASHVILLE 



Wihen iMrs. Ella Wheeler Wilcox visited the Nashville 
Centennial ELxposition she wsis deeply touched by the 
story of iSam Davis. iShe afterwardis wrote a poem on 
'■'Sam Davis," and the monument ibears two stanzas from 
this poem. 

The story of Sam Davis is a simple one, for his life 
was simple, and he died when 21 years of age. 

Sam Davis was born in Rutherford County, Tennessee, 
and at the outbreak of the war he enlisted as a private 
in the First Tennessee Infantry and became a member ot 
General Bragg's army. The young Tennessean acquitted 
himself with so much coolness in the presence of danger, 
so much bravery and good judgment, that he was chosen 
as one of "Captain Coleman's Scouts,'' a company com- 
manded by Captain Shaw, who assumed the name of 
"Coleman'' for the ipurposes of disgulise. 

In November, 1863, the Sixteenth Army Corps, under 
Gen. G. M. Dodge, was centered at Pulaski, Tenn., near 
the Tennessee River and not far from the Alaljama line. 
General Grant was at Chattanooga and he was exceed- 
ingly anxious to apprehend and put a stopi to the opera- 
tions of "Coleman's Scouts." With this end in view he 
gave orders that the famous Kansas Seventh Cavalry, 
nicknamed the "Kansas Jayhawikers" should be especially 
alert and active in the search fo-r the band of scouts. 

Captain Shaw, alias Coleman, had committed to the 
care of Davis certain papers, letters, reports and maps 
which gave late and important news to General Bragg. 

On Thursday, November 19, a day or two after he had 
received the papers for General Bragg, he was run down 
and captured by the "Jayhawkers," at the Tennessee 
River, and, along with other prisoners, he was hurried 
to Pulaski, wihere he was placed in jail. Captain Shaw 
had been captured the same day and was also placed in 
the iPUlaski jail. 

In a letlor written by General Dodge, which accompa- 
nied a personal contribution to the monument fund, he 
S'aid: 



OF^ HISTORIC lyTEREST . 35 



''Davis met me modestly. I tried to impress upon 
him the danger he was in, and as only a messenger I 
held out to him the hope of lenient treatment if he would 
answer truthfully my question. I informed him that he 
would be tried as a spy and that the evidence would 
surely convict him, and I made a direct appeal to him to 
give me the information I knew he had. He very quietly 
but 'irmly refused to do it. I pleaded with him with all 
the power I possessed to give me some chance to save 
his life. I discovered that he was a m.o.st admirable young 
fellow, with the highest character and strictest integrity. 
He replied, 'I know. General, that I will have to die, but 
I will not tell where I got the information, and there is 
no power on earth that can make me tell. You are doing 
your duty as a soldier and I am doing my duty to God 
and my country.' '■ 

Knowing that he had but a few hours to live, the ten- 
der heart of the boy turned toward the old home, anti 
that night in the loneliness of his prt'son cell he wrote 
this pathetic letter to his mother: 

"Pulaski, Giles Co., Tenn., Nov. 26, 1863. 
"Dear Mother: Oh, how painful it is to write you, 
I have got to die tomorrow morning — to be hanged by 
the Federals. Mother, do not grieve for me. I must bid 
you good-bye forever more. Mother, I do not fear to die. 
Give my love to all. Your son, 

"SAMUlElL DAVIS." 

Next morning Sam Davis was carried to the place of 
execution, seated on his own coffin, in a wagon. At the 
gallows he dismounted and sat under a tree while prepara- 
tions for his execution were being completed. He asked 
the Captain how long he had to live and the Captain 
replied, "About fifteen minutes." 

"What is the news from the front?' he asked, and 
when told of General Bragg's battle and defeat he said, 
"Thank you. Captain. I am sorry for that." And then 
he added, "The boys will have to fight the 'battles with- 
out me now." 



36 ^LL ABOVT NASHVILLE 



Just as the execution was about to take place a liorse- 
man galloped up with a message from General Dodge 
urging Davis to give the desired information and save his 
life. But Davis rose to his full height, and, pulsing with 
the iblood of youth, with home and loved ones just over 
the Mils, he threw his head back and, with eyes flashing, 
he said: 

"No, I can not; I would die a thousand deaths rather 
than betray a friend.'' 

4* 4* -^ 

Belle Meade. 



O"* NE of the most beautiful of the ancestral estates 
around Nashville, and one that is noted all over 
the world as the cradle of the thoroughbred horse 

i in America, is Belle Meade, situated a few miles 
out from Nashville on the Harding Road. An auto- 
mobile trip can easily be arranged "out this picturesque 
road and past the historic place where General Harding 
stood and watched General .Jackson move his troops to 
the defense of New Orleans. The Clioctaw, Cherokee and 
Chickasaw Indians made their trading visits to Nashnlle 
by this siam,e road, which is famous in history as the old 
"Natcihez Trace." 

Belle Meade originally comprised four thousand acrets, 
a large part of which, in Gen. William H. Jackson's day, 
was set in the grazing grasses. 

The passing of Belle Meade marks a new epoch in 
the history of this section. Linked with its glorious past 
are the names of several of the representative families 
of the South, and romance and tragedy have walked hand 
and hand through the lofty halls. 

The old mansion remains today much as it was when 
Gen. William H. Jaokson entertained the distinguished 
visitors who came to Nashville, for none eter came who 
did not pay a visit to Belle Meade. The home is now a 
private residence and the estate is owned by a lard com- 
pany. 



OF HISTORIC INTEREST 



37 



Plans are being rapidly consummated to establijli c-u 
the estate what will be one of the handsomest golf Units in 
America, to be owned by the Nashville Golf and Country 
Club. 

No breeding- establishment of the world has contril)- 
uted so many great and grand race horses to turf history 
as has Belle Meade. One of the greatest of these was 
"The Commoner," purchased by Gen. William H. Jackson 
in 1900 for $15,000. A short time later General Jackson 
refused $50,000 for him. 

Another aristocrat of the turf who grazed on the biuo' 
grass pastures of Belle Meade was Luke Blackburn, the 
veteran leader, whose 3-year-old form is one of the magic 
pages of track aiuials and whose name is still regarded 
as the stamp of sterling worth. At the age of 2G years 
he was the picture of health and strength, with his mag- 
nificent conformation untouched by time. He was buried 
at Belle Meade beside his sire, Bonnie Scotland, himself 
the synonym for gameness. A handsome monument was 
erected to the great ''Enquirer'' and still stands to iii- 
terest the visitor. 




BELLE MEADE. 



38 ALL ABOUT NASHVILLE 



In October, ISOO, e\-c'ry tlinronslilired at Bollp Meade 
was s'ohl at auction, and never Ivas there been sncli a 
fsale in turf annals of this country. 

In 1892 fifty-two yearlings offered realized a total of 
$110,0'50. 

In 1893 General Jackson sold half interest in the 
estate to Richard Croker. That year the yearlings bi'ought 
$85,000. iMr. Oroker afterward scdd his interest. 

Of Genera- Jacksion himself, the master of Belle 
Meade, a writer cmce siaid: "Peaceful as is the horse 
paradise, a few miles from Nashville, its master is more 
meteorlike, resembling rather the restless, resistless, 
courageous career of some of the equine chieftains he 
has sent forth. 

"When the Confederate Veterans organized at New 
Orleans he was a conspicuous figure. He still looiked the 
fighter, the au!l3urn still bore down the -gray in leonine 
hair and mustache, and there was no trace of defeat or 
surrender in his stirring eloquence." 

A late picture of him is, "The old soldier now a patri- 
arch, his hair and beard as white as snow. His keen 
comments come less frequent and his talk is more of the 
past." 

The visitor to Belle Meade today will find much to 
remind him of the thrilling history of the iplace. It is 
true that touches of modern civilization have transformed 
many of the old markings, but something of the ante- 
bellum atmosphere stiil clings arcund the stately ol.l 
mansion, glimpses of which delight the eye of the visitor 
as he approaches the big double gate that forms the main 
entrance to the estate. 

One of the features of the old place was the deer park 
of four hundred acres, w'hich was the pride of General 
Jackson's heart. Through this park now a beautiful road- 
way winds and automobiles spinning along- its macadam- 
ized surface frighten the timid deer that once in a while 
may still be seen peeping cautiously from the underbrush. 

No more delightful pleasure could toe planned hy the 
visitor to Nashville than a trip by auto to Belle Meade 
and a drive through the parlvs. 



OF HhSTORIG INTEREST 39 



James K. PolJ^. 



The Hon. James K. Polk, eleventh President of the 
United States, died at his residence in this city June 15, 
1849, and was placed in a vault in the old City cemetery 
with Masonic honors. On May 22, 1850, his remains were 
deposited in the elegant mausoleum prepared for the pur- 
pose on the eastern front of Polk Place. The Masonic 
fraternity. Governor and staff. Mayor and City Council, 
and all city officials and many leading citizens attended 
in the procession, and minute guns were fired. The Ma- 
sonic funeral rites were jM-rformed. The remains of 
President and Mrs. Polk were later removed to the State 
Capitol. The simple but stately tomb with appropriate 
inscriptions testifies to the love and esteem in which 
both were held. 

For many years "Polk Place" was the mecca of 
all visitors and all of Nashville's distinguished visitors 
in these earlier days paid their respects to the venera;ble 
Mrs. Polk, who for many years after her husbands's death, 
lived in the stately old mansion on Vine (now iSeventh 
avenue) and Union streets. Memorable scenes had been 
enacted within those dignified walls, and all guiety 
ceased forever with Mr. Polk's death. Mrs. Polk lived in 
retirement, surrounded by sacred memories. Within 




40 ALL ABOUT NA^SHVILLE 



view of her library windows she could look upon the 
monument that marked the resting place of one who 
ser\e<l his country well. The Prcsidenfs study remained 
as he had left it. There was the chair he occupied, 
the desk where he wruto. For many years the Tennes- 
see Legislature called uik)ii INIrs. Polk in a body, tlic 
highest compliment ever paid by state authorities to a 
lady. Various military companies have, at odd times, 
paid her marked respect, and during the Centennial at 
Philadelphia, she was one of the distinguished few favored 
with a special invitation to attend the exhibition, and a 
palace car was placed at her disposal by the president of 
the Pennsylvania Railroad. 

At the Nashville Centennial of 1880 every possible 
demonstration was shown her. All the military com- 
panies, the Mexican Veterans, and many distinguished in- 
dividuals called upon her at Polk Place. For many years 
it was the custom of all civic, ecclesiastical and judicial 
bodies, to visit Mrs. Polk at her residence, and the mem- 
bers of the American iScientific Association, which con- 
vened here in 1878, adjourned for the purpose of paying 
her a formal visit in a body. 

With these hallowed and historic memories clinging 
around the old Polk mansion it is small wonder that the 
great heart of Nashville and of Tennessee was touched 
when the house was demolished to make room for a mod- 
ern skyscraiper which now adorns the old Polk lot on Sev- 
enth avenue. North, and Union street. 

"The Polk" is one of the handsomest of Nashville'^ 
modern apartment houses and a certain atmosphere of 
dignity and old-time grace seems to linger around the old 
spot still, and in the chaste and simple yet splendid ar- 
chitecture of the new ibuilding, there is suggested some- 
thing of the lives of those who by their presence made 
the spot a hallowed one. 

Carnegie Li'brary, in the rear of Polk Flats, occupies 
the spot on which the stables of IFolk mansion stood. 

Mrs. Polk had no children. ^She adopted one of her 
nieces, 'Sarah Polk Jetton, who was suibsequently married 



OF IlISTORW INTEh'lJ^'i'T 41 



to Mr. George W. Fall. Their only child. Miss Sadie Polk 
Pall, now Mrs. M. M. Gardner, of this city, was the sun- 
shine of Polk Place, (possessing as she does, much of the 
grace, beauty and intellect for which the family is noted. 

Miany of the most treasured of the Polk relics are at 
Mrs. Gardner's home at 2224 Ellison Place, and interested 
visitors are welcomed. 

A short distance south of the entrance to Polk Flats 
on Seventh avenue. North, is the spot where iSenator Ed- 
ward Carmack met his death on Nov. 9, 1909, at the 
hands of Duncan B. Cooper and his son, Robin Cooper. 

^ ^ ^ 

The Grave of Dickinson. 



A' iSiPOT of thrilling interest is the grave of Charles 

Dickinson, who was billed in a duel with "Old 
Hickory," in 1806, near Adairville, Ky., the latter 
■ ' receiving a wound from which he never fully re- 
eovere<l. The grave is located on the property now owned 
by Mrs. Len K. Wlntwortli. on tlie Harding road, and is 
reached by tlic r'.rondwny .-uid West End car. 

After the duel in which Dickinson lost (his life his 
(body was buried in the deep shadow of a forest on the 
land owned by his father-in-law, Joseph Ervin. The grave, 
seemingly forgotten for a time, was later marked by his 
son, who at the time of his father's death, in 1806, was a 
babe. At the age of 21 years the records show a change 
in the young man's name, the name of his father, which 
heretofore had ibeen used as a middle nam©, being placed 
first; also a transfer on the part of the grandfather of 
property to him, which was returned almost immediately 
by "deed of gift.'' 

Later follows the placing of a nameless tomb over 
the unmarked grave, which is accredited to the son. The 
tomb, a large white (boxlike affair, is but little known. 
It is set back from the road, under a group of trees near 
a sipring. There is neither name nor date nor line of 



42 1/^^^ ABOUT NjUSHVILLE 



any kind to tell whose resting place it is; but it is well 
known to friends Oif the son that it was he who placed 
the tomb over the dust of his father; and the supposition 
is that, unwilling to leave the grave unmarked, ihe desired 
at the same time to resurrect as little as might be the 
old sore spot in the history of his family — the duel with 
Andrew Jackson. 

4. 4. ^ 

Historical Society Museum. 







NiE of the most interesting places in Nashville is 
the Museum of the Tennessee Historical Soioiety, 
on Sixth Avenue, North, Just south of Church 
Street. The hall i.s open to visitors each day. 
except Sunday. Irdiii 2 until 4 o'chvck. Among the 
relics may be mentioned the musket of Daniel Boone, 
the veritable "Old Betsy;" the sword of the gallant Gov- 
ernor John iSevier and one of the pistols presented to 
him by the State of North Ciarolina; the sword of Colonel 
Dupuyser, of the British army, taken from him at the 
Battla of King's Mountain; the red silk sash worn by 
General Ferguson when he was killed at King's Mountain: 
one of the chairs of Gen. Nathaniel Greene, of Revolu- 
tionary faiue : one of tlu' chairs of President Filuioi-e; 
sword, coat and epaulette of Capt. iSamuel Price, worn 
in the Battle of Frenchtown, Raisin River, Mich.; the 
pitcher used at the treaty of Hopewell, given by President 
Polk and his wife to the society; three canes formerly 
belonging to President Polk, one in the form of a serpent, 
one containing the electoral vote cast for him for Pres- 
dent, and the other a hickory cane from the Hermitage; 
the first greenback five dollar note issued by the United 
States; the portfolio owned and used by Hon. Henry Clay 
in the United States Senate; over thirty battle flags used 
by Tennessee soldiers in different wars, from 1812 to 1865. 
Among the valuable manuscripts in the archives of 
the society are an old book in an excellent state of pres- 
ervation, kept in Nashville by a merchant in 1795: the 



44 ALL ABOUT NASHVILLE 



journals of Governor William Blount from 1790 to 1796- 
(Governor Blount was Governor of the territory south of 
the Ohio (River) ; the proceedings of the courts-martial dur- 
ing Jackson"s campaign in 1813, kept by Col. William 
White, acting judge advocate; journal of Oaptain Donel- 
son and companions from Holston 'River down the Ten- 
nessee, up the Ohio and Cumherland to French 'Salt Lick, 
now Nashville, in 1779-80. 

Of unusual interest also are the files of the old news- 
papers of Tennessee, especially those of the Knoxville 
Gazette. 

The Society has a copy of the Polydori Vergilii, in 
Latin, ibound in vellum, printed in 1641; a copy of Cicero's 
discourse on old age, printed by Benjamin Franklin in 
Philadelphia, in 1744; "Diasoonidi's Mat. Med." (Latin), 
bound in parchment, 1552; a copy of the Bible printed 
in Edinburgh, 1678; a copy of the Bible from Churchill 
Laniier, printed in London in 1757. 

lAmong the handsome portraits owned hy the Society 
are those of Governor William Blount, John Sevier, Willie 
Blount, Wiilliam ^Carroll, Sam Houston, James K. Polk, 
Aaron V. Brown, Neill S. Brown. Andrew Jolinson. Dr. 
Gerard Throost, Davy Crockett and many otliers. 

^ ^ ^ 

The Tennessee Centennial Exposition. 

The Tennessee Centennial Exposition was opened in 
Nashville on May 1, 1897, and at noon on that day Pres- 
ident MoKinley, in Washington, pressed the magic ibuttou 
which iired the gun five hundred and fifty miles away 
announcing to the people of NashVille that the great 
exposition, for which they had given of their time, their 
means, their untiring energy and best thoiight so un- 
grudgingly. Was an assured fact. An elaborate and bril- 
liant programme was carried out in honor of the formal 
opening. 



OF HISTORIC INTEREST 45 



The Tennesisee Centennial Exposition was the flrsit In 
America to organize a deyartmenc of history, and no page 
is more interesting in the official history than that de- 
voted to the exhibits in this department. President iMcKin- 
ley safely visited the Exposition on June 11 and 12, little 
dreaming then of the tragic fate that was to befall him 
on a similar occasion so short a time in the future. 

During the six months of the Centennial City's exist- 
ence there were almost two million people within the 
grounds, yet so effectual was the police regulations that 
scarcely a dollar's worth of property was stolen; not a 
single death occurred from violence, and no one was 
seriously injured. 

In the autumn of 1893 Capt. W. C. Smith, of Nashville, 
took up the idea and brought it to the attention of the 
Commercial Cluib, aferwards merged with the Chamber 
of Commerce, at a meeting held November 17, 1893, and 
that body appointed a committee to draft resolutions on 
the subject. The ball which had been set rolling in 
August, 1892, had gathered momentum by November, 1893. 
and went onward from that time without stopping. The 
papers of the State took up the matter, one and all, and 
at tiie meeting ol the Board of Dlreciors of the Commercial 
Club on January 22, 1894, the necessary committees were 
appointed to consider the plan for the Exposition offered 
by Capt. W. C. Smith. A charter was obtained for the 
Tennessee Centennial Exposition Company, which was 
capitalized at $500,000. Davidson County voted $50,000 
toward the undertaking December 27, 1894. This, how- 
ever, was not available till long afterward, and July 4, 
1895, the total sub&cripitions, including the $50,000 voted 
by tlie county, amounted to only .$t>2,G;>j. A mass inectiii.u' 
was called and by July 20 the total subsicriiptions had 
reached $165,000. 

July 30, 1895, President J. W. Thomas nominated 
Maj. E. C. Lewis for Director General, to Which he was 
unanimously elected. August 21, 1895, by unanimous vote, 
West Side Park was dlecided on for the location of the 
buildings, and a call of 10 per cent, on subscriptions was 



46 ALL ABOUT NASHVILLE 



made to be paid September 1. The central building, it 
was decided, should be an ecxact reproduction of the 
Parthenon, to be used for the exhibition of fine arts. The 
foundations were begun September 10, 1895, and the cor- 
ner stone laid October 8 toliowing. A change in the char- 
ter of the city of Nashville had to be made to enajble it 
to vote to take $100,000 stock in the Exposition. Com- 
pany. The election was held October 10, and there were 
only 488 votes cast against the measure. The city issued 
$100,000 of 41/^ per cent, interest-bearing bonds, to run 
for twenty years from January 1, 1896, and these bonds 
realized $102,089. Two hundred and eighty-four employes 
of the Phillips & Buttorff TVTianufacturlnjg Company sub- 
scribed $4,985; the employes of the Nashville, Chatta- 
nooga & St. Liouis Railway, $16,496, and later on added 
$7,500 to that amount. Forty-two employes of the William 
Gerst Brewing Company subscribed $2,625. Forty em- 
ployes of the Banner gave $1,440. The Edgefield & Nlash- 
ville Manufacturing Company gave, from 107 employes 
$1,205. These subscriptions were from sanall wage-earn- 
c'l's, ;!Ih1 i'vovy •:lc.ll:ir of tliriii \v;is ji.-ii-.l itroiiiintly. 

The opening day was postponed froim May 1, 1896, to 
that day one year later, becau.se 1896 being the year of 
;i jirc-idcntinl election, the managenu'ut cuncluded that it 
woiilil liMvo a bad effect on the Exi>ositlon. 

June 8, 1896, disbursements had reached $204,354.8.3, 
and lo roniph'le the work thou under contract .|10G,92(*).8() 
was needed. 

In 1896 the Louisville & Nashville Railroad Company, 
through its President, M. H. Smith, made a cash subscr'ii- 
tion of $25,000, followed iby one of the same amouui 
from President Thomas, of the Nashville, Chattanooga & 
St. Louis Riailway. Besides this, these roads, by the close 
of the Exposition, had given, in service, the latter $65,000 
and the former $30,000. The aggregate contributions of 
other roads, in cash and service, was $9,000. 

December 19, 1896, the Federal Government made an 
appropriation of $130,000, of which $30,000 was devoted to 
a building and $100,000 for an exhihit. This appropria- 



OF HIHTORIG INTEREST 



47 



tion was miade on condition that $500,000 was raised in 
other ways. As only $473,000 had been subscribed, the 
management had to raise the necessary $27,000. The 
people of Nashville were equal to the emergency, and by 
December 30 the requisite amount had been subscribed. 

The State of Tennessee, through its Legislature, voted 
only $50,000, and that not until the iast minute. A biil 
for the incorporation of Centennial City was passed after 
a good deal of oppoisition. 

When the great opening day arrived disbursements 
had been $555,183.28, and receipts $555,609.03. 

The old Centennial grounds now constitute Centennial 
Park. 



'mSSi^- 




THE PARTHENON AND JOHN W. THOMA.S MONUMENT AT CENTENNIAL PARK. 



48 -'l^^ ABOUT NAHUVJLLE 



Historic Mariners of Nashville. 

In Memory of Pioneers. 



01 N the south facade of the courthouse is a handsome 
bronze tablet erected iby the Wlatauga Cumber- 
land Settlers' As.siociation in commemoration of 
' ^ that period and in memiory to those hrave spirits 
that wore with Col. Donelson. Tlie inscription thereon 
reads : 

April 2::;, 1780, 

A fleet of forty boats, led by 

G-ood Boat Adventure, 

Commanded by 

Lieut. Col. John Donelson, 

Landed at Nashville with the following pioneers: 

(Names of pioneers follow). 

To the Revolutionary Soldier. 

Standing in the southwest corner of the courthouse 
is a splendid monivment erected by the Daughters of 
the American Revolution of Tennessee to the Soldiers of 
the American Revolution that gave their dives for the 
cause of liberty and who sleep on Tennessee soil. This 
monument was erected during the State Regency of Mrs. 
William G. Spencer. 'Mrs. Spencer made the completion 
of this handsome memoirial her chief concern. The in- 
scription is: 

To the Heroes of 

1?'6, 

Not dea;l, but living in deeds such lives 

inspire , 

Erected on February 22, 1910, 

by 

Tennessee Daughters of the American 

Revolution." 

At the City Cemetery. 

The South Nashville Federation of Women, with Mrs. 
E. F. Turner, tiie [)r('sident, with the co-operation of 



p 



lON^ERS— Y^i strictly 
— Up'TO'Date 





jAVEgone through all the revolutions and 
evolutions that the Printing Business has 
experienced during past one-third of 
century. Have always led in up-to-date 
Men^ Machinery and Methods . C Our work, from 
Visiting Card to Pamphlet, from Billhead to Poster, 
from smallest cheap Engraving to highest grade colored 
job, is classy — second to none — in fact, we lead in 
every kind of printing. 

Ask our customers — they are all over the South 



Brandon Printing Company 

NASHVILLE, TENN. 



OF HISTORIC INTEREST 49 



400 members, has cleared away the rubbish, pTuned the 
trees, gravelled the walks and planted a line of memorial 
elms and, lastly, are in process of erecting a handsome 
memorial gateway to the heroes of another day. An- 
other beautiful tribute to the city's early citizens was 
erected by the Tennessee Woman's 'Historical Association, 
which placed at the other entrance of the cemetery an 
arch and gateway. The path leading to Robertson's 
grave is indicated by a handsome sun dial erected by 
Cumberland Chapter, D. A. R. 

The Old Nashville Inn. 

In an inconspicuous place at the corner of Market 
street and the Public Square is a ibronze tablet marking 
the old site of the Nashville Inn. This marker was 
placed by the members of Cum'berland ChapteT, D. A. R., 
to preserve to future generations some record of a site 
around which so much of Tennessee's history was en- 
acted. The tablet bears the following inscription: "On 
this site stood the Nashville Inn, where gathered th(; 
great pioneers for all important political, 'historical and 
social events from 1783 to 185(5." 

The Zollicoffer Home. 

The home of Gen. Felix Zollicoffer is also marked. 
The ta^blet commemorating the deeds of this hero is of 
white marble and bears h-is birth and death, also the years 
spent in this home. The law office of Andrew Jackson 
on Union street, opposite the Cole building, is another 
spot which has been kept from oibiivion iby a tablet tell 
ing of its former owner. 

In Memory of Lafayette's Visit. 

Col. Thomas McCrory Chapter, D. A. R., last spring 
erected a monument memorializing the visit to Nashville 
of Marquis de LaFayette. This tablet was placed on the 
sdte of the home of Major Lewis, whose guest LaFayette 
was. 

4 



OF mSTORIG INTEREST 51 



To William Strickland. 

In the walls of tlie State Capdtol, whose beauty of line 
and symmetry he had himself planned, lies the body of 
William Strickland. The cablet reads: "William Strick- 
land, Architect; Died April 7, 1854, Aged 64 Years." By 
an act of the Legislature of Tennessee his remains are 
deposited within this vault. Sam D. Miorgan is another 
distinguished patriot who is interred within the State 
Capitol walls. 

Commemorating Battle of the Bluffs. 

On a wall of the First National Bank building is a 
tablet erected by the Wiatauga Cumberland Settlers' Asso- 
ciation, of which iMisis Susie Gentry of Franklin wias presi- 
dent. This tablet commemorates the Battle of the Bluffs.- 
The names of the nineteen men who so valiantly defended 
their holmes and families, with their leader, Capt. John 
Leiper, are engraved thereupon. 

Robertson's Home. 

In the transfer station is an inconspicuous tablet mark- 
ing the site of the home owned and ocouipied by James 
Bolbertson from 1784 to 1807. This man, the founder of 
Nashville, lies buried in the old City Cemetery, which he 
planned and laid off. With him sleep many of Nashville's 
and Tennessee's illustrious dead. 

Many Monuments. 

Throughout the city many handsome monuments have 
been erected to the memory of those who have had some 
part in the making of the history of the city and State. 

Standing at the intersection of Broad street and West 
End avenue is a heroic statue of Jere Baxter, through whose 
genius Nashville made many steps in upward progress. In 
Centennial Park stands several very interesting testimonials. 
The music stand, which was erected by the Wednesday Morn- 
ing Musicale, is built over the old home of 'Major John 



52 



ALL ABOUT NA.SHVILLE 



Cockrill. Its central beam is sunk in the cellar of the old 
home. A splendid memorial stands in this park erected 
to Maj. John W. Thomas by the employes of the railroad 
his genius made. 

In Centennial Park also stands the stately shaft 
erected to James iRolbei'tson, the founder of Nashville, and 
especially beautiful and im]>ressive is the status of "Tbi' 
Confederate Soldier,' erected in loving memory of the 
"boys who wore the grey iback in the sixties." 

Mention has been made elsewhere of the monuments 
in the State Capitol grounds, the Confederate monu- 
ment in Mlount Olivet cemetery and those in the old City 
cemetery. 

The home of William Walker, "the gray-eyed man of 
destiny," at the corner of 'Fourth avenue and Commerce 
street, is one of the isites which will soon be marked. 

The three local D. A. R. Chapters will shortly have 
completed at Old Cockrill Spring a marker of the begin- 
ning of the Natchez Trace. This marker will be a huge 
boulder, with a suitable inscription telling all the Natchez 
Trace meant in the days oif overland travel. The Nash- 
ville Chapter, D. A. R., will interest other chapters and 
it is expected that a marker will be iplaced every twenty 
miles from Nashville to Natchez. Judge William Patton's 
iaw office, opposite the Maxwell House, is another spot 
that will shortly be marked. The battle of Buchanan Sta- 
tion and the old home of Granny White, one of the foro- 
mO'St women of pioneer days, will alsO' be properly 
marked. 




An Historic House 



F"~lOUNDED in 1845 and conducted now 
under the original firm name, the store of 

—J THOMPSON & COMPANY, located 

at 2 1 3 Fifth Avenue, North, can maintain its 
claim as one of the makers of Nashville's history. 
The matter of QUALITY and RELIABILITY 
have always been of prime importance with this 
house. 

Fine Sillcs, Laces, Furs and Linens are its great 
specialties. Of course other lines are carried also. 

ABSOLUTELY HONEST ADVERTIS- 
ING has been the policy of this house since it was 
opened nearly seventy years ago, and an established 
reputation for reliability, based on this policy, is 
considered one of the greatest assets of the firm. 

A recent window display at the THOMPSON 
store on Fifth Avenue consisted of dresses and 
accessories purchased at this store in ante-bellum 
days, and was unique and interesting. 

"The Stranger Within the Gates" of Nashville 
may purchase from THOMPSON & CO. with 
the fullest confidence, as misrepresentations of all 
kinds are carefully avoided. 



54 ALL ABOUT NASHVILLE 



PUBLIC BUILDINGS. 



The State Capitol. 

T\ HE Tennessee iState Capitol is located at the nortn 
end of Capitol Boulevard, which, extends from 
Church to Cedar Street, between Sixth and Sev- 
' ' enth avenues. Clearing of the ground for the site 



was bcgiui iibout January 1, 1845; foiuulatious were dug 
and nearly ttnished by July 4 of that yeai'. anil on that day 
the corner-stone was laid. 

The building was first occupied by the iLegislature 
Octoher 3, 1853. The entire cost of 'building and grounds 
was upwards of $2,.500,000. 

Previous to the year 1843 the seat of government of 
the State had not been finally settled. lAt various times 
it had been located at Knoxville, Kingston, Murfreesboro 
and Nashville. That Nashville was finally selected was 
due to the fact that the citizens purchased the present 
site, then called Campbell's Hill, for $30,000, and presented 
it to the iState. 

The ardhitecture is strikingly ibeautiful and the design 
suggests a Greek Ionic temple, erected upon a rustic base- 
ment, which in turn rests upon a terraced pavement. 

The main floor is reached by a handsome flight of 
steps, the railings of which are of [East Tennessee maiible. 
On this floor are the Hall of Representatives, the Senate 
Chamber, State 'Library, Law Library, and committee 
rooms. 

(Above the center of the building and through the roof 
rises the tower, supported iby four massive piers rising 
from the ground. The design of the tower is a modified 
and improved reproduction of the "Choragic Monument 
of Lysicrates," or, as it is sometimes called, "The Lantern 
of Demosthenes," erected in Athens about 325 B. C. The 
height of the edifice above the ground is 206 feet and 7 
inches, or over 400 feet albove low water in the Cum- 
Iberland River. 



PUBLIC BUILDINGS 



55 



In comparison it may 'be interesting to say that the 
head of the statue on the Capitol at Washington is but 
377 feet above tidewater; the height of St. Peter's, at 




llfcliV-^ij^ 






^^K 



?Mf=#^?^-t-ii"iif' 



Ik s^ 



^^^: ^i ^m t* ' ' ' 




UNITED STATES CUSTOM HOUSE. 



56 ALL ABOUT NASHVILLE 



Rome, from the pavement to the top of the cross, is 430 
feet, and that of iSt. Paul's, at London, 404 feet. 

The architect, William Strickland, of Philadelphia, 
died April 7, 1854. His funeral cerem.onies were conducted 
in the Hall of Representatives, and he was entombed in a 
recess in the wall of the north basement portico. After 
the death df iMr. Strtdkland the work was carried on by 
his son, W. 'F'. Strickland. 

In the tower are located the State archives, descrip- 
tion of which may be found under the head of "Historic 
Interest." 

Increasing demands upon this handsome iStatehouso 
have made an addition necessary. For some years the 
building immediately in front of the south igate of the 
Capitol ihas ibeen used as a "Capitol Annex." This was 
demolished on account of the boulevard, and the 'building 
now used as the "Capitol Annex' is located on Seventh 
Avenue, North, half a block south of the Capitol in the 
old Zollicoffer residence. IMention of this old, historic 
home may also be found under the head "Historic In- 
terest." 

The Capitol grounds are exceedingly handsome. The 
equestrian statue of Gen. Andrew Jackson was unveiled 
with very impressive ceremonies May 20, 1880. Clark 
Mills, the artist who designed the statue, was present and 
made an oration; five veterans of Jackson's camipaigns 
were there and the Hon. John F. Hume was orator of 
the day. 

On the Capitol grounds also are the tombs of James K. 
Polk and Mrs. Polk and the bronze statue to the memory 
of Sam Davis, Tennessee's yoaing hero who was hanged as 
a spy, and who said on the gallowis, "1 had rather die a 
thousand deaths than to toetray a friend " 

United States Custom House. 

The United States Custom House is one of the hand- 
somest Oniildings of which Nashville boasts. It occupies 
the square formed by Broadway, Seventh and Eighth 
avenues and is nearly in the geographical center of the 



PUBLIC BUILDINGS 57 



city. The site is 330 toy 160 feet in size and tlie building 
is tliree stories laigh, surmounted by a tower 190 feet, from 
the sidewalk. 

The style of architecture is pointed Gothic and the 
building is constructed entirely of stone and iron. The 
work of construction was ibegun in September, 1875, but 
the plans were changed and the present 'building was be- 
gun in August, 1876. 

The tower is built in unison with the rest of the edi- 
fice. It is nine stories in height and an iron spiral stair- 
way commences in the fifth story of the tower and ex- 
tends upward to the dormer windows. 

In the construction of the building sixty-eight thousand 
cubic feet of stone have been consumed. The building 
wa.s designed under Mr. William A. Potter, government 
architect. 

Davidson County Courthouse, 

The courthouse of Davidson County is situated in the 
east center of the public square. It was ibuilt in 1857, on 
the site of three former courthouses, immediately after the 
burning of its predecessor in the spring of 1856. During 
that extensive conflagration the old Nashville Inn and sev- 
eral other prominent buildings were consumed. 

The Ibuilding is in Corinthian style and cost $120,000. 
The two upper stories, at their north and south ends, open 
out into handsome porticos or Corinthian colonnades, run- 
ning with the pitch of the roof and each supported by eigh* 
large columns. The east and west porticos are in the 
center of the building, and are colonnades of four columns, 
each supporting a Siquare roof. 

The third story contains a handsome public hall in 
which the "Tennessee Constitutional Convention of 1870" 
was held. 

The Parthenon. 

NashvilUe has no monument of more classic beauty 
than the Parthenon, and as the ancient Parthenon of Ath- 
ens was the greatest of all architectural monuments of 



tH ^ /■'«• 



^ M^ 



t m 



^S^gstgr.:, 




PUBLIC BUILDINGS 59 



classic Greece, so is its counterpart in Nasliville pre- 
eminent among the beautiful buildings of the "LA.th.ens of 
the South.'' 

Situation, surroundings, £,tmo?phere, motif, associa- 
tions! — all contributed to maike it the feature of the great 
centennial celebration held in Nashville in 1897. 

In size, it is, and in detail it is believed to be, a re- 
creation of what Ictinus built and Phidias adorned. It 
stands on a commanding site in Centennial Park, and 
crowning a lovely terrace the Parthenon overlooks the 
beautiful valley of the Cumberland, facing the rising sun. 
In the distance to the east rises the State Capitol of Ten- 
nessee, erected not in honor of, but honoring the famous 
school of Greek architecture of which the Parthenon is the 
best and greatest exemplification. 

Take Broadway and West End car. 

Young Men's Christian Association. 

The Nashvlille Young Men's Christian Association 
building is the handsomest in the South and one of the 
handsomest in the entire conutry. 

It was erected, furnished and equipped at a cost of 
about $410,000 and embodies every feature that could 
make for its comfort, beauty and convenience. 

The library, a spacious and artistically appointed 
room on the main floor, has been taken as a memorial to 
IProf. W. R. Wiebb, of Bellbuckle, given by the alumni of 
Webb School. 

The first floor contains offices of the secretarial 
force, reading and games room, lobby, etc. 

The gymnasium and swimming pool are attractive 
features, and one of the most valuable departments of 
work is the John IHill Eakin Institute, where young men 
and boys are able to obtain an education practically with- 
out cost. The educational features have been empha- 
sized and Prof. E. J. Filbey, formerly of the Peabody 
College faculty, is at the head of the educational depart- 
ment. 



60 -^J^Tj about NASnriLLE 



The boys' department is fully equipped and there is 
a separate gymnasium for the younger members of the 
fissociation. 

The dormitories have become so popular that all the 
rooms are occupied and many applicants ave on the 
waiting list. 

The Nashville Y. iM. C. A. welcomes strangers and 
invites them to call and be shown through the new 
building. Mr. S. Waters McGill is General Secretary. 

STATE HEADQUARTERS. 

The State Headquarters of the Young Men's Chris- 
tian Association is located at IVasliviil3 with offices in 
the Nashville building. Mr. V. T. Grizzard is State Sec- 
retary. The work throughout the state is directed from 
Mr. Grizzajd's office and annual meetings of the State 
Committee arc held here. 

Young Woman's Christian Association. 

The Nashville Young Woman's Christian Association 
occupies a iiandsome new home on Seventh Avenue, 
North, nearly opposite the Y. M. C. A. Miss Elva Sly is 
General Secretary; Miss Katherine Morris is Member- 
ship Secretary, and Miss Adeline C. Gordon is Secretary 
of Religious Work. 

The association provides a delighti'ul home at a 
reasonable cost to the young women of the ctiy, witli an 
ideal home environment. 

The gymnasium and swimming pool, under compe- 
tent directors, are very popular and there are classes at 
nominal rates in cooking, sewing, art and the elementary 
l)ranclies and various other departments. 

Strangers are welcomed and the transient guest is 
always provided for. The reading rooms, libraries, par- 
lors and lobby are open at all times, and a visit to the 
gymnasium during the evening is most entertaining. 



62 ALL ABOUT NASHVILLE 



Young Men's Hebrew Association. 

The Nashville Young Men's Hebrew Association 
owns a handsome home situated on Union street at the 
head of Polk Avenue. The association is conducted 
along a very high plane and the membership includes 
the representative young men of Nashville, who hold the 
interests of the association very dear. 

The lioane is equipped throughout with the most 
modern appliances, and the most attractive features are 
included. 

The officers are: President, Louis Leftwich; Sec- 
retary, Louis Feldman; Treasurer, Lee J. Loventhal. 
The rooms are open every day to members. 

State Penitentiary. 

The Tennessee State Penitentiary is located at the 
end of the West Nashville car line and is one of the 
finest of Tennessee's public institutions. A branch of the 
main prison is at Brushy Mountain in OEast Tennessee. 

There are about 1,100 prisoners in the main prison, 
which is comparatively new. The old prison was located 
on Church Street, and had an interesting history, it was 
here that Champ (Ferguson was hanged and other famous 
prisoners were confined within its walls. 

Tennessee Industrial School. 

Tn 1887 the late Col. E. W. Cole, bowed under the un- 
timely deatli of a beloved son, donated a beautiful site 
and building to the use and purposes of an industrial 
school for unfortunate children of Tennessee. At the head 
of the institution he placed Mr. W. C. Kilvington, a Cana- 
dian born, but for almost all bis life a citizen of America, 
and of the iSouth. 'It was called "The Randall Cole 
School." The institution sprung into favor almost in a 
night, so great was the need of it, and so handsomely was 
the gift sustained, and so ably managed. 



PUBLIC BUILDINGS 63 



Indeed, so fast did it grow that in a short time the 
State was asked to take charge of it, accepting the gift as 
a nucleus to a larger institution. This was done, and with 
the impetus already achieved the institution for the youth 
of Tennessee swept grandly and without interruption on. to 
its present importance. Tlie first charter of the Randall 
Cole School stated that the school was for the ibenefit and 
protection of orphans, helpless and aJbandoned children. 
The act governing the institution declared that any judge 
or chairman of a county court in the State of Tennessee 
may cause to be brought before the court any child be- 
tween the age of six and sixteen, and coming within any 
of the descriptions named. 

The act further states that the school may receive any 
child placed there by its parents, without the authority of 
any court, and may keep it until twenty-one, unless taken 
away at the request of its parents, or released under au- 
thority of said school. !Also wihen any parent, or parents, 
wish to commit a child to the institution that they are un- 
able to control, they must first invoke the authority of 
the County Court. But the superintendent will not receive 
such child or children unless the maintenance of the child 
is guaranteed by said parents, or guardian, and it is made 
entirely subject to the rule and regulations of the institu- 
tion. 

Section 2 of the act expressly says: "^No child shall be 
committed to said school, or be received and retained 
there, on any ground than the one single ground that the 
interest and welfare of the child will probably be pvo- 
mo'ted." 

It also sets forth how the school is to have exclusive 
control of the child so committed. 

The first "Randall Cole charter" was surrendered to 
the State and the institution was rechartered under the 
title of the Tennessee Industrial School, the State taking 
over all properties, rights and privileges guaranteed the 
former institution under the original cliarter. The pro])- 
erties and entire equipment of the school and building are 



PUBLTG BUILDINGS 65 



valued at $155,555. Every county in the State is repre- 
sented and Davidson alone has a represeutation of 124: 
Knox, 20; Hamilton, 14, and Shelby 40. 

The farm covers ninety-eight acres of beautiful rolling- 
land, every inch of which is in use. Boys and girls are 
given an education, and prepared for a useful and sub- 
stantial work in life from one of the many industrial 
branches taught. 

Cummins Station, 

In Cummins Station Nashville has an enormous build- 
ing of reinforced concrete in which the immense interests 
of fourteen leading wholesale firms are concentrated. 
The idea of providing such a building, in immediate touch 
with the railroads, was developed by "The Wholesale 
Merchants' Warehouse Company," and visitors to the city 
will find a trip through the big building very interesting. 

Insurance on the stock carried by the merchants i!i 
the old type of frame buildings formerly occupied by 
these merchants ranged from $1.80 to $2.20 per hundred, 
while in the new fireproof, reinforced concrete structure 
the rates were reduced to $0.40 per hundred, this item in 
itself representing an immense saving. 

The building is 500 feet long by 132 feet deep and 
four stories high, with basement and sub-basement. It is 
divided by walls of concrete blocked with compartments 
entirely separate from one another, each compartment 
comprising a complete wholesale warehouse, and as the 
building is located not only near the railroad but in the 
central part of the city as well, it constitutes the sole 
place of business in the city for each firm. 

The basement is paralleled by two railroad tracks 
an extension of the basement floor forming the unloading 
platform. A wide trucking platform also runs through 
basement, reaching all of the elevators. 



66 -A^LL ABOUT NASHVILLE 



LIBRARY FACILITIES. 



N 



ASHVTL'LiE has unusual library facilities and sev 
eral hundred thousand books are available for 
public use every day in the year. The Tennessee 
.State Library, located at the State Capitol, is 
very valuable and contains more than 100.000 volumes. 
It came into existence in 1854. The Secretary of State 
was librarian ex-officio, receiving $150 per year for his 
services, and was expected to keep the library open "at 
least one day in every week." March 4, 1854, the General 
Assembly appropriated $5,000 fo-r the library, and in 1855 
a law was enacted providing $500 a year for the purchase 
of books for the library. Return J. Meigs was librarian 
from 1854 to 1869, and Dr. Gattinger from that year until 
1869. iSdnce that time the library has continued to grow 
in importance. 

The present librarian, Miss Mary iSkeffington, has 
unusual qualifications for the high position she holds and 
has taken the initiative in several forward steps that have 
greatly enhanced the value of the library. 

One of the most notable features developed during 
the administration of iMiss iSkeffington is that of the trav- 
eling sichool libraries for the rural districts, a system 
which takes the library to the doors of the people who 
cannot come to the library. 

The State Law Library is particularly valuable and 
is frequently consulted by lawyers from this and other 
States. 

The State Library is open to visitors each week day 
and Miss Skeffington is efficient and obliging in assisting 
the visitor or in show^ing interesting features of the 
library. 

Carnegie Library. 

Nashville has a valuable public treasure in the splen- 
did new Carnegie Library, with its sixty thousand vol- 



LIBRARY FACILITIES 67 



umes. The handsome lilbrary building is on Eiglith avenue 
and Union street and is open to the public every day in 
the year and until 9 p. m. The reading rooms are attrac- 
tive and leave nothing to be desired in the way of com- 
fort, ibeauty or convenience. Especially valuable are the 
newspaper flies, some of them dating hack to the early 
part of the eighteenth century. The reference depart- 
ment is said to be one of the best in tlhe country, and 
every modern feature that has made for success in other 
librarie's of the loountry has been embodied in this insti- 
tution. 

As far back as 1850 the need of a public library was 
recognized in Nashville. In that year Capt. William 
Stockell became interested in estaJblishing a library for 
the benefit of the fire department, with which he was 
connected, and succeeded in establishing one in the old 
engine house on College street, near Broad. In 1876 
Morton B. Howell, Judge IF'rank T. Reid and Dr. Henry 
Sheffield organized the Nashville Library. This library 
wag later taken in charge hy the Y. M. C. A., who cared 
for it until it was destroyed by fire. The Boiward Ldhrary 
was opened January 1, 1887. IM. iH. Howard, after con- 
sulting with Hon. John -M. Lea, made a donation of $15,000 
for a public library. A charter was secured September 
4, 1885, by W. F. Cooper, John M. Lea, Edgar Jones, 
William H. Jackson, Thomas H. Malone, James Whitworth 
and D. C. Kelley, and $10,000 of the Howard fund was 
expended for books to be placed in the cases that had 
been provided by the Watkins Institute Commissioners. 
It was not until 1896 that plans were set on foot for 
developing the library into an institution on advanced 
and proigresisive lines. 

Beginning January 1, 1901, the annual municipal appro- 
priation for the library was made $5,000 and preparations 
were begun at once to make the library circulation free 
to the public. April 22 the institution was made a free 
circulating library. Meanwhile the executive committee 
had written to Mr. Carnegie, asking for a donation for a 
modern library building. This correspondence resulted 



LIBRARY FACILITIES QQ 



in the proffer by Mr. Carne??ie of $100,000 for a building 
provided a site was furnislied and the city make an 
annual appropriation of 1 11,000 for maintaining the library. 

To carry out effectively this larger library movement 
the corporators of Howard Library transferred its collec- 
tion of books of the Carnegie Library of Nashville, duly 
incorporated, with the understanding that Mr. Howard' s 
beneficenioe should be isuitably recognized and kept in 
memory in the new building. 

The Library Board was fortunate in securing as a 
librarian Miss Mary Hannah Johnson, who has demon- 
strated remarkable capaJbility and efficiency in adminis- 
tration. The service of the Nashville Public Library has 
been brought within a few years to a degree of usefulness 
in all of its departments that is not surpassed by any of 
the older libraries in the country having a like means of 
maintenance. In some particulars it has taken the lead 
of other Southern libraries and especially in its co-op- 
eraitive school work it has originated a successful system 
that is recognized as a model and is being copied by other 
progressive libraries. 

George Peabody Library, 

Eispecially rich in rare and valuable volumes is that 
of tile George Peabody College for Teachers, located on 
the new Pealjody campus which adjoins Vanderbilt Uni- 
versity and is reached by the Biroadway-Hillsiboro or 
Broadway car line. More than 50,000 volumes are con- 
tained in this library, many of them rare, vellum^bound 
books, which are out of print. Some of the books bear 
the publishing date of 1628. The first collection of TDOoks 
was given in 1826 to the University of Nashville by the 
children of Dr. Philip Lindsey, President of that institu- 
tion, of which Peabody College is the outgrowth. This 
library is noted thi'oughout the country and scholars from 
distant States frequently come here to consult it. Miss 
Elizabeth Lee Bloomstein, long identified with the Pea- 
body College faculty, is librarian. 



70 ^LL ABOUT NASHVILLE 



Vanderbilt Library. 

When the library of Vanderbilt University first opened 
in 1875 it contained a collection of 6,000 volumes of stand- 
ard and miscellaneous works. Many large additions, by 
purchase and gift, were made from time to time, and 
when College Hall was destroyed by fire in 1905 the 
entire university library consisted of 37,000 volumes. Of 
this number 23,478 volumes were stored in College Hall, 
and only 4,886 were saved froin the fire. For the year 
following the library was esitalblished in one of the build- 
ings on West Side Rofw, but in the summer of 1906 it 
was re-established in the old rooms in College Hall. Since 
the fire seven years ago an earnest effort has been made 
to restore the library, and so large a number of booiks 
has been purchased each year as could be afforded. These 
purchases have been selected with great care. A numbei 
of valua^ble gifts have 'been received since the fire, amount- 
ing to 7,000 volumes. The Anna Russell Cole Library of 
English, made by iMrs. E. W. Cole, has been advanced 
by the university and some very valuable books purchased. 
The reference department has grown in popularity among 
the students all over the city. The library subscribes for 
timely periodicals and receives a number of others gratis. 

Masonic Library. 

One of the oldest and most valuable of the pub- 
•lic libraries of Nashville is the Masonic Library, located 
on Church street. The library is for the use of Masons 
and their families, and it contains besides many books 
on iMasonry, fiction and miscellaneous hooks, as well as 
numerous papers and periodicals. 

Y. M. C. A. Library. 

When comipleted the library of the new Young Men's 
Christian Association will he one of the handsomest in 
the iSouth. The library will be a memorial to Prof. W. R. 
Wdbib, of Bellbuckle, one of the best beloved men in the 
South, whose name has been identified with Y. M. C. A. 



LIBRARY FACILITIES 71 



work since its very be^nning in Tennessee, and whose 
life-work lias been for the uplift of young men. 

It has long been the desire of a number of the leadin;^- 
alumni of Webb's School to honor their beloved preceptor 
while he lives, and the completion of the new Y. M. C. A. 
offered an ideal opportunity. The beautiful idea of estab- 
lishing a memorial library was no sooner suggested than 
it found immediate favor and the sum of $10,000 is being 
raised among the former students, friends and admirers 
of Professor "Webb with which to equip the Webb Memo- 
rial Library of the Nashville Y. M. C. A. 

Elks' Library. 

At the Elks' Club, on Sixth Avenue, North, there is 
a ibeautiifully appointed, well equipped library with a libra- 
rian constantly in charge. The library is circulating in 
form and is intended for the Elks and their rfamilies. 

Y. W. C. A. Library. 

The Y. W. C. A. Library, donated by Mrs. John Hill 
Bakin in memory of her mother and known as the "Ophe- 
lia Atchison LibraiT,'' is one of the most excellent of the 
smaller libraries of the city. The collection includes a 
wide i-ange of booilcs (both for recreation and educational 
purposes. Mrs. Ealdn is constantly adding books and no 
feature of the association is more appreciated. 

Railroad Library. 

The iLouisville & Nashville Library, with its 8,350 
volumes of splendidly selected literature, is one of the 
best of the city's circulating libraries, and is open, without 
cost, to the employes of the road and to their families. 
The efficient librarian, Mr. Thomas Gibson, has been in 
charge since 1895. 

Blind School Library. 

In 1879 Congress set apart $250,000, the interest of 
which was to be used for printing books far the blind of 



72 ALL ABOUT NASHVILLE 



this country. This amount was to be divided among the 
various State schools according to the nunHber of pupils 
in each. By this generosity the humble beginning has 
made possible the present library of 4,000 volumes in 
the Tennessee Schooil for the Blind. As Congress a few 
years ago allowed embossed books to pass through the 
mails free, the school library is now a circulating library 
for the blind of the State. 

Traveling Libraries. 

The Tennessee Library Commission has established 
a system of libraries for the rural communities of the 
State which is in the beginninig of a very useful existence. 
Mrs. Pearl Williams Kelley is State (Secretary of this work 
with offices at the State Capitol. Upon application to 
Mrs. Kelley a collection of books on any given subject 
will be shipped to any point in Tennessee, and this work 
has grown by leaps and bounds since iMrs. Kelley took 
charge of it in 1911. 

Prison Library. 

One of the newest and most interesting of the libra 
ries in Nashville is that recently established at the State 
Prison. Governor Ben W. Hooper has given his hearty 
co-operation, in inaugurating this library, and already 
hundreds of volumes have been donated. 

The proposed library building at the prison will be 
a replica of the Parthenon, and all of the work is being 
done by the convicts themselves, even to making the 
bricks. 

iWjhile those mentioned are the leading- libraries of 
Nashville, they are by no means all. The vaiious schools, 
colleges and universities have splendid libraries many 
of them extensive and valuable, and there are many others 
in the public institutions of the city as well as many 
valuable private collections. 



74 ALL ABOUT NASHVILLE 



STATE INSTITUTIONS. 

Tennessee Reformatory for Boys. 



L 



ARGBLY through the efforts of the ladies of the 
Nashville Boys' Club and certain members of 
the Nashville Board of Trade, the General As- 
sembly of the State oif Tennessee in 1907 estab- 
lished an institution to be known as the Tennes- 
see Reformatory for Boys and appropriated the sum of 
$10,000 to the institution. Its management was vested 
in a board of five trustees, to be appointed by the Gov- 
ernor, each member to serve for five years. The Leg- 
islative act iprovided that all boys under the age of 18 
years who have been convicted of an offense punishable 
by confinement in the penitentiary shall be sentenced 
to and confined in the Reformatory, and also established 
a system of pardon and release on probation under con 
ditions when this would appear to be to the best interest 
of a boy committed to the institution. It also empow- 
ered the Board of Trustees to introduce and carry on an> 
branch of mechanical, industrial or agricultural pursuit 
that it may deem to the best interest oi the inmates 
of the ^Reformatory. 

The purpose of the institution is therefore to keep the 
criminal class of boys out of penitentiaries and work- 
houses and place them where they will be trained to 
useful pursuits, separated from all contact with hardened 
criminals and stimulated to the attainment of worthy 
ambitions. 

The following gentlemen constitute the Board of 
Trustees: Mr. James \Palmer, of Nashville, Chairman; 
Judge B. D. Bell, Gallatin; Prof. W. C. Kilvington, Super- 
intendent of the Tennessee Industrial School; Mr. Mel- 
ville Williams, Nashville, and Mr. John H. DeWitt, Nash 
ville. Secretary. The Governor of Tennessee is ex-officio 
a member. Mr. W. M. Hard is Superintendent. 



STATE INSTITUTIONS 75 



The Board of Trustees was compelled to expend the 
$10,000 in the purchase of a farm, and it acquired for 
the State for this purpose a very rich farm of 110 acres 
at Jordonia, about five miles north of the city of Nash- 
ville and near the Hyde's Ferry road. Not until 1911 did 
the General Assembly make further appropriation, but 
early in 1911, by a unanimous vote of both houses, it 
appropriated the sum of $50,000 for the erection of build- 
ings and the purchase of equipment, and also $10,000 
for additional lands. A further apipropriation for the 
maintenance of the institution was made. The trustees 
purchased 56 acres between the farm and the Tennessee 
Central Railroad, making 166 acres of very fertile land. 
The Reformatory was opened in February, 1912, and 
the permanent buildings, when completed, will afford 
facilities for the care of hundreds of boys. 

The establishment and maintenance of this Reforma- 
tory is not only a vital and necessary undertaking itself, 
but it is closely allied with the Juvenile Court system 
and every other work for the redemption and training 
of children who are delinquent, abandoned, incorrigible 
or criminal. It is a great system of humane work, and 
it is a fortunate fact that in regard to it there has 
been practically no division of opinion among- the citizens 
or among the members of the General Assembly. 

^ ^ ^ 

Confederate Soldiers ' Home. 

The Tennessee Confederate Soldiers' Home is located 
on a part of the Hermitage farm and is reached by the 
Tennessee Central iRailroad. 

The State of Tennessee has been the owner of the 
Hermitage tract since 1854, but permitted Mrs. Andrew 
Jackson, the widow of the adopted son of Gen. Jackson, 
to occupy it, free of rent, until she died in 1888. Through 
the efforts of Frank Cheatham Bivouac of Confederate 
soldiers the Legislature of 1889 gave to the Confederate 



76 '^J^T^ ABOUT NASHVILLE 



soldiers four hundred and seventy-five acres of the Her- 
mitage tract tor a Confederate Soldiers' Home, and at 
the same time appropriated $10,000. This appropriation 
being wholly insufficient, the ladies of Nashville organ- 
ized and .chartered what is known as the "Ladies' Auxil- 
iary to the Confederate Soldiers' Home." This organi- 
zation raised and turned over to the trustees during the 
first year $6,200, and it continued to work for tlie Home 
until the spring of 1892, the Legislature in the mean- 
time making appropriations that amply provided for the 
absolute needs of the inmates, minus the luxuries and 
delicacies needed for the sick. 

Since the organization of the United Daughters of 
the Confederacy about 1892 the personal attention to 
the needs of the soldiers in the Home has been their 
affectionate care. 

4" ^ 4* 

Tennessee School for the Blind. 

The Tennessee School for the Blind is one of the 
greatest of tbe State institutions erected in Nashville. 

The building lils large and of handsome design and 
the grounds are spacious and attractive. 

The Wharf avenue street car, which leaves the trans- 
fer station every ten minutes, passes the school. 

The bistory of the establishment of the Tennessee 
School for the Blind is interesting. 

In 1844 an exhibitiiton was given in one of the Nash- 
ville churches of the ability of the blind to read em- 
bossed letters by the sense of touch. A good audience 
was aasemlbled, to whom the method of reading by fingers 
was new and surprisiing. 

The exhibition at once awaikened an enthusiastic in- 
terest in the education of the blind. Donations were 
offered, then and there, subscriptions taken and a house 
rented and furnished. 

In 184G a charter was granted to the school and a 
legislative appropriation was made for its maintenance. 



78 ALL ABOUT NASHVILLE 



In. 1852 an appropriation was obtained for building 
upon the site to be donated by the citizens of Nashville, 
and in January, 1853, the building was occupiied. Addi- 
tions were made from time to time and the grounds were 
improved. 

In November, 1861, it was seized for a Confederate 
hosipiital, and the pupils were distributed in private resi- 
dences. 

iShortly after the fall of Fort Donelson, February, 
1802, the building was taken for a Federal hospital. 

In November of the same year the building, together 
with all surrounding improvements, was entirely de- 
stroyed by order of St. Clair Morton, chief engineer of 
the Army of the Ohio. 

Jin 1867 the school was reorganized and in October, 
1872, the Hon. John M. Lea purchased for $15,000 the 
present site. 

The iLegislative Assembly of 1873 appropriated $40,- 
000 and the next Legislature added an appropriation of 
$30,000. Other appropriations have since been made and 
the school is today one of the leading linstitutions of the 
kind in the South. 

Masonic Home. 

The Masonic iWidows and Orphans Home is one of the 
leading benevolent institutions in Tennessee. It is located 
four miles out on tlie Gallatin pike. New buildings are 
in course of erection, the infirmai'y being the especia' 
work of the Order of the Eastern Star. 

A fine library, collected largely through the efforts of 
Mr. John Eastman, has recently been added, and the insti- 
tution is a home in every sense that the word implies. 



Tennessee Baptist Orphans' Home. 

The Baptists of Tennessee are caring for their or- 
l)hans handsomely. The new Industrial Home of the insti- 



HTATE INSTITUTIONS 79 



tutiou is situated twelve miles out from Nashville on the 
Franikliu road, and is reached by the Interurban line and 
by the Louisville & Nashville Railroad. When entirely 
completed as contemplated the grounds and buildings will 
represent an outlay of about $50,000. 

Five substantial buildings are included in the general 
plan, and tlhe industrial features are to be stressed. The 
baby home has been the affectionate care of the Baptist 
woimen of Tennessee, while the hospital was given by 
one man. 

The farm comprises 165 acres of valuable land and 
includes a bold spring, which is considered a great asset. 
Rev. W. J. Stewart is general superintendent. An average 
of sixty children is kept in the home. 

Protestant Orphan Asylum. 

The ProtesLant Orphan Asylum is one of Nashville's 
greatest benevolent institutions. The home owns and 
occupies the ante-bellum residence of Dr. C. D. Elliott, 
which is situated just south of the city limits on the 
Harding road. 

This institution was established sixtj'-seven years ago 
and during the past year 106 children were taken into 
the home. 

A competent teacher has charge of the school room, 
the work being conducted along the lines of the public 
schools, but modified to meet the individual intelligence 
of the pupil. One afternoon of each week is given to the 
sewing class. The children are always most interested 
pupils. 

The children attend Sunday morning services at the 
nearby churches, and in the afternoon have Sunday School 
at the home. 

The officers of the Board of Managers are: Mrs. 
W. G. Ewing, President; Mrs. R. W. Turner, First Vice- 
President; Mrs. W. D. Gale, Jr., Second Vice-President; 
Mrs. R. H. Young, Third Vice-IPi-esident; Mirs. J. B. Mor- 
gan, Treasurer: Mrs. Wm. E, MoNeilly, Corresponding 



80 ALL ABOUT NASHVILLE 



Secretary; Mrs. P. H. Manlove, [Recording Secretary; Dr. 
W. A. O'ugbterson, Physician; Messrs. 'Lewis Hall and Joe 
Knowles, Superintendents of Sunday Sichool. 

Central Hospital for the Insane. 

In November, 1847, Miss D. L. Dix, while on a tour 
of the Southern States, visited Nashville in the interest of 
the unfortunate insane of this iState. Finding the accom- 
modations for the insane inadequate to their needs, she 
prevailed upon the Legislature, then in session, to make 
provision for the comfortable accommodation of 250 pa- 
tients. 

So eloquently did she plead her cause that an act was 
passed February 5, 1848, to establish a "hospital for the 
insane." The site selected was a farm of 255 acres sit- 
uated about six and one-half miles from Nashville on the 
Murfreesboro road. 

The original building was of a castelated style of 
architecture, having flat roofs, surrounded by battlements 
with octagonal towers at the corners. (And, in after years, 
when the front walls were covered with ivy, the view to 
an approaching visitor, emerging from the surrounding 
park, gave an impression of mediaeval times. . The hos- 
pital was opened for the reception of patients March 1, 
1862, with Dr. William A. Cheatham as superintendent. 
October 1, 1853, the numlber of inmates was 100. 

The institution maintained its standard through the 
trying times of the civil war, and gained an appropriation 
of $10,000 in 1866 for a colored department, which was the 
first institution of this kind in the South. 

Mr. John Callender's administration extended over 
twenty-five years. During this time additional hospitals for 
the insane were built at Knoxville in East Tennessee and 
at Bolivar in West Tennessee. December 19, 1894, Dr. John 
A. Beauchamp became superintendent. Dr. Beauchamp 
died after forty years of service and was succeeded by 
Dr. A. E. Douglas, the present superintendent. Frequent 
additions to the building have been made within recent 
years. 





MASONIC WIDOWS AND ORPHANS HOME. 



82 iLL AIUXT NASHVILLE 



The Old Woman s Home. 



mHiE Old Woman's Home is on West End Avenue, 
its very appearance beautiful and spacious, indi- 
cating the gracious hospitality and comfort con- 
ferred on its inmates. In it are gathered about 
thirty Christian gentlewomen, who are without 
means of support, and it has brought to their helpless 
old age happiness and contentment. The Broadway cars 
pass the door. 

The building, of red brick, is very attractive archi- 
tecturally. There is a large porch in front with tall white 
columns. The interior arrangement is ideal for its pur- 
pose, the building- forming three sides of a hollow square, 
affording a sufficiency of light and air. The building is 
lighted by electricity; equipped with an up-to-date heat- 
ing iilant; has polished floors throughout, and attractive 
woodwork. The third floor is arranged as a storage room. 

The charter for this work was taken out in 1891 by 
a few earnest Christian women who realized its great 
necessity, and while no special appeal has been made 
to the public, its very nature and flne results have raised 
many friends and supporters. Current expenses are met 
by membership dues, private contributions, an appropria- 
tion from the County Court, the interest derived from 
several legacies, and the memorial livings. 

It is the earnest desire of the managers to encourage 
among its patrons the establishment of these "livings." 
It requires only $2,500 to support one inmate in per- 
petuity. These endowed rooms are marked by a brass 
plate on the door and will stand as a monument to the 
generosity of the donor. Rooms have been endowed by 
Mrs. S. J. Keith, Mrs. Wm. Morrow, Mrs. J. S. Reeves, 
Mrs. B. F. Wilson, the Lanier-Kyle room, four Rachel 
Stockell rooms, and Mrs. John Miller McKee. 



STATE INSTITUTIONS 



Blind Girls' Home 

The Blind Girls' Home is located in East Nashville, 
on Forest Avenue and Fourteenth Street. It may be 
reached by the Gallatin car. 

The Home was founded in 1901, and the original Home 
was a building on the corner of Summer and Clay Streets 
and was the gift of /Mrs. D. H. Bailey to the Fear Not 
Circle of King's Daughters. The place was given for the 
purpose of caring for homeless blind girls. There are now 
fourteen women in the home, which is under the care 
of the Fear Not Circle. The State assists in maintaining 
this Home. 

Nashville Wesley House. 

Niashville Wesley House is supported 'by the 'Methodist 
churches of the city and is located at 243 Filmore Street. 
It is reached by the Fairfield car. It is controlled and 
managed by a board consisting of five representatives from 
each church. Regular settlement work is carried on and 
the institution is one of the most valuable among the 
city's charities. 

The institution was opened in 1901 and was then 
called the South Nashville Settlement Home. Miss Louise 
'MicHenry was the first teacher. By order of the Woman's 
Board of Missions of the IMethodist Episcopal Church, 
South, under whose aiispices the home is operated, all 
such institutions under its control were called Wesley 
House. 

Bertha Fensterwald Settlement Home 

Second to none is the Bertha Fensterwald Settlement 
Workers. This earnest body of women has a most com 
plete Settlement Home, where splendid work is done. 
Classes in sewing, cooking and all the other domestic 
arts are taught. The kindergarten, kitchen, gardens and 
many other departments are all under -capable super- 
vision. Mrs. Teitlebaum is President, with an able corps 
of fellow workers. 



MAX BLOOMSTEIN 

SOLE PROPRIETOR OF 

Max Bloomstein's Pharmacy 

Has been in retail drug" business 
for the past 25 years. ^ The best 
of everything has always been the 
watchword of this establishment. 
^ Employs four graduates of Van- 
derbilt School of Pharmacy in 
Prescription Department. 

Full Line of Domestic 
and Imported Perfumes 
and Toilet Articles 

Fancy Candies in All Sizes of Boxes 

Soda Fountain Goes Summer and Winter 

Excellent Hot Lunch 
for 15c 

LOCATION: 506-508 CHURCH STREET 



STATE INSTITUTIONS §5 



Little Sisters of the Poor 

The Little Sisters of the Poor arrived in Nashville 
Dec. 22, 1903, and after only three days' preparation 
opened their Home Christmas Day in the old St. Mary's 
Oi-phanage on the Murfreesiboro pike, which had been 
given them by the Rt. Rev. Bishop Byrne. Bishop Byrne 
assisted in many ways, and the people of iNashville gave 
generously. New Year's Day, 1904, the first old lady 
found a home beneath their roof, and others followed. In 
1905 they bought land on Main Street in East Nashville 
and erected the present large and commodious three-story 
building, in which are homed comfortably forty-eight old 
men and women, of almost all denominations and several 
nationalities. The only conditions for admission are that 
the applicant be of good moral character, destitute, and 
not less than 60 years of age. Any and all religious de- 
nominations are admitted. Visitors are received every 
day from 2 till 5 p. m. 

The Little Sisters of the Poor depend absolutely on 
the generosity of the public for the maintenance of these 
old and helpless fellow-creatures, and they assure the 
visitor with cheerful smiles that their confidence has 
never been misplaced. 

There are fifty-six similar homes in the United States. 
Eleven Sisters care for the one in Nashville. 

Day Homes 

At the suggestion of members of "The Flower Mission" 
in the spring of 1886 an organized movement to establish 
a "Day Home" for working women's children was started. 
The Polk and Scott Street Day Home was later built and 
Mrs. Mary F. Hart was the first President of the Ladies' 
Auxiliary having It in charge. 

The officers are: Mrs. F. H. Benjamin, President; 
Mrs. H. B. Stubblefield, Vice-President; Mrs. John D. Wil- 
son, Second Vice-President; Mrs. David Spencer Hill, Sec- 
retary; Mrs. D. W. Harts, Treasurer. 



86 ALJ^ ABOUT NAf^HVILLE 



The Young Women's Auxiliary to the Scott Street 
Day Honae was organized March 23, 1910, at the Home, 
the purpose being to assist the ladies of the Polk and 
Scott Street Day Home in any way suggested to maintain 
the Home. The officers are: Miss Pauline Wi'een, Presi- 
dent; Miss Helen Hunt, Vice-President; Miss Louise Stub- 
blefield, Secretary: 'Miss M. Elizabeth Davidson, Treas- 
urer. 

Florence Crittenden Home 

One of the greatest of the city's public institutions is 
the Florence Crittenden Home, located at 613 Ewing Ave- 
nue (take South High car). (Mrs. R. K. Hargrove, widow 
of the late Bishop Hargrove, of the iMethodist Episcopal 
Church, South, is President of the Board of Managers, 
and devotes much of her time to this noble work. 

St. Mary's Orphanage. 

One of the great Catholic institutions of Tennessee 
is St. iMary's Orphanage, situated four miles from Nash- 
ville on the Harding road. The history of the institu- 
tion dates hack to the early days of the Catholic Church 
in Nashville. Sister 'Mary Teresa is in charge and about 
ninety children are cared for. 

Monroe Harding Orphanage. 

The iMonroe Harding Orphanage is situated at 1621 
Salem Street. It does a great work and is under the 
auspices of the Presbyterian Church. 



BEyEVOLENT ORGANIZATIONS 87 



BENEVOLENT ORGANIZATIONS. 



The United Charities, 



mHE United Charities is the greatest organized char- 
itable organizations of Nashville, and in the many 
years of its existence the very ibest systems of 
dealing with the serious problems that confront 
such organizations have been worked out and adopted. 

Miss Fannie Battle is General Secretary, and the tel- 
ephone number of her office is Main 480. The general 
officers are located on Park Place, opposite the east gate 
of the Capitol grounds. 

The officers are: Vice-President, H. G. Lipscomb; 
Recording Secretary, John D^Witt: Treasurer, John Early; 
General Secretary, Miss Fannie Battle. Assistant Secre^ 
taries are Miss Hattie Davis, Mrs. S. S. Booth, Mrs. Jennie 
Kirby, Frank M. Houser. The Directors are .Maj. C. T. 
Cheek, W. C. Collier, Gen. Gates P. Thruston, A. B. Hill, 
Dr. W. C. Gillespie, T. U Herbert and A. H. Robinson. 

Fresh Air Camp 

Under the auspices of the United Charities, Nashville 
has a great institution in the Fresh Air Camp, called 
"Camp Thomas" in honor cf the late Maj. Jolin W Thomas, 
who did so much for the work in its struggling infancy. 

The camp is situated near Craggie Hope, an attractive 
summer resort on the Nashville, Chattanooga ci- St. Louis 
Railway, twenty-fnur niilrs from Xashvillc 

The camp is now well equipped for caring for the 
hundreds of children and grown people who are sent to 
the pleasant retreat during the hot months. The camj) 
is now kept open in the winter, and a number are cared 
for all the year round. 

The buildings include dormitories for boys and girls, 
neat and comfortable cottages dotted about through the 



ALL ABOUT NASHVILLE 



trees on the gentle sloping hillsides, a children's temple 
and other necessary buildings. 

Others are in contemplation. The camp is formally 
opened In June of each year, and sick children and tired 
mothers are sent down in the care of competent attend- 
ants and kept until healtli and strength return. 




FRESH AIR CAMP. 

The Commercial Travelers have recently undertaken 
the erection of a greatly-needed "baby building ot nursery 
at the camp, and have contributed liberally to the fund. 
Mr. J. C. Quinn has been the moving spirit in arousing 
an interest among the traveling men. 



King's Daughters 

There are sixteen circles of King's Daughters in Da- 
vidson County. Mrs. W!. E. Norvell, State Secretary, lives 
in Nashville. The circles and their leaders are: 

Adriel Circle, Mrs. Felix Schvpab. 

Carey Watkins Circle, 'Miss iMamie Rouser. 



BENEVOLENT ORGANIZATIONS 89 



^Earnest Circle, Mrs. Wm. Woolwine. 
FJlizabeth M. Norvell Circle, Mrs. W. 'L. Figgins. 
Bliel Circle, Mrs. Wra. West. 
Fear Not Circle, Mrs. Alice Wilkinson. 
Fidelia Circle, Miss Naitna Bullington. 
Golden Rule Circle, Miss Fannie Battle. 
Hananiah Circle, Mrs. R. H. Spain. 
King's Jewels Circle, Mrs. B. R, Fl-eeman. 
Labor of Love Circle, !Mrs. W. A. Tennison. 
Loving Circle, Mrs. Charles Price. 
'Madison Circle, Mrs. Douglas Anderson. 
Steadfast Circle, Mrs. J. W. Blair. 
Sunshine Circle, Miss Lillian joy. 
Willing Circle, iMrs. Etigene Crutcher. 

Girls' Charity Circle 

The Girls' Charity Circle of the Watkins Settlement 
Home- was organized in 1904 by ;Mrs. W. (P. Rutland, at 
her home. The object of the circle is the maintenance 
of the Home and to assist in teaching in the various de- 
partments. The Home has a kindergarten, sewing and 
cooking classes, dispensaiT, boys' club and a department, 
of physical culture. 

The officers are: President, IMrs. Margaret Whit- 
worth; Vice-President, IMrs. William P. Rutland; Secre- 
tary, Miss 'Elizabeth Ransom; Treasurer, Miss C. Agnes 
Kuhn. 

Vanderbilt Aid Society 

Among the clubs or organizations which have philan- 
thropy for their object is the Vanderbilt Woman's Aid 
Society. Its object is to give such aid to struggling stu- 
dents at the University as will enable them to complete 
their course and gain an equipment with which they can 
face life on a firm basis. This society has a remarkable 
record. Of all the hundreds of dollars lent out not one 



90 ALL ABOr T S'AHII VILLI-: 



single one lias ever been lost. The loans are made 
through Chancellor Kirkland, who annually reports to 
the society. 

The officers are: President, 'Mrs. W. W. Berry; First 
Vice-President, Mrs. G. N. Tillman; iSecond Vice-President. 
B. F. Wilson; Third Vice-President, Mrs. William Herman; 
Recording Secretary, iMrs. A. B. Hill; Corresponding Sec- 
retary, Mrs. Dempsey Weaver; Treasurer, Mrs. Joseph B, 
Mogan. The amount of money loaned during the school 
year of 1910-11 amounted to $1,926.50. 

Council of Jewish Women 

The Nashville Section of the Council of Jewish Women 
was organized in September, 1901, and is under the work- 
ing.s of the National Council. The organization endeavors 
to further the best interests of humanity in fields relig- 
ious, philanthropic and educational. The first President 
was Mrs. Lou Lebeok. The present officers are: President, 
Mrs. Harry Weil; First Vice-President, Mrs. Joe Abrams; 
Treasurer, Mrs. 'Sam Hirsch; Corresponding Secretary, 
Mrs. Percy Lovenhart; Recording Secretary, Miss Bettie 
Cohn. 

Swiss Relief Society 

The estimated aggregate number of Swiss people in 
and about Nashville ranges between 1,500 and 2,000; those 
of the State between 18,000 and 20,000. As early as 1845 
a number of Swiss immigrants settled in Nashville and in 
Davidson County. These Swiss pioneers organized in 
1857 the "^Swiss Relief iSociety," started for the purpose 
of relieving any conditions of distress that might arise 
among their countrymen. The society has enrolled over 
600 members. Those who organized the society were J. 
Kunz, first President; iM. Meier, Vice-President: L. 
Lehman, Treasurer; J. C. Fehr, Secretary. 

The Swiss were the first in Tennessee to advocate the 
free school system. 



BENEVOLENT ORGANIZATIONS 



91 



Hebrew Relief Society 



The Hebrew Relief Society does a splendid work in 
a very quiet way. The officers are: Rabbi I. Lewinthal, 
President; Sam Levy, Vice-iPresident; Dave Cline, Secre- 
tary; John Fishel, Treasurer. 




FIRST PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH, 
Rev. James I. Vance, Pastor. 



92 ALL ABOUT NASHVILLE 



CHURCH INTERESTS. 



Presbyterian (U. S.) 



fflIiERE are eleven "Southern" Presbyterian Churches 
The iFirst Presbyterian Chruch was organized 
in Nashville by Rev. Thomas B. Craighead Nov. 
14, 1814, the meeting being held in the Courthouse. 
Services had been held, however, since 1815. In 
1816 a "Society House" was erected, but the building was 
burned in 1848. The first church on the present site was 
built in 1816, and was burned Jan. 29, 1832. A new church, 
which cost $30,000, was dedicated in the fall of 1833 and 
was burned Sept. 14, 1848. 

The cornerstone of the present edifice was laid Sat- 
urday, AjpTil 28, 1849, and worship was held ifor the first 
time in the lecture room January 5, 1850. The house cost 
$51,000. The arch.itecture is Egyptian, and the two front 
towers are 104 feet high. The main auditorium has a 
seating capacity of 1,300. The building was almost wholly 
unroofed by a storm in 1855 and again in 1859. 

It was occupied as an army hospital by the United 
States Government froim December 31, 1862, until June, 
1865. After this $8,000 was sipent in repairs, $7,500 of 
which was received from the Government as a compen- 
sation for damages. 

In 1867 the bell, weighing 4,81'5 pounds, was presented 
by Mrs. Adelicia Acklen, afterwards Mrs. William A. 
Cheatham. 

The Second Presbyterian Chua'ch, in North Nashville, 
is also full of historic interest. It was organized in 1843. 

The Cottage Presbyterian Church, in Soutih Nashville, 
was organized in 1850. This church grew out of a Sunday 
School of fifteen or twenty children, taught sometimes in 
the shade of the trees on a vacant lot and sometimes in 
the small brick kitchen of the Stephens home. The first 



CHURCH INTERESTS 93 



class ocioupied the tongue of a convenient wagon for a 
seat. 'Tlhe present ciiurcli wias erected in 1852 at a cost 
of $11,000. A day school was taught there previous to 
1859 and during the war the building was used as a hos- 
pital, iln 1865 the United States Quartermaster restored 
and partially repaired the house. 

MOORE MEMORIAL. 

Moore Memorial Presbyterian Church, located on 
Broadway, near Sixteenth Avenue, now one of the leading 
churches of the city, is the outgrowth of a Mission 'Sun- 
day School held for several years in a cabin on McNairy 
'Street. The church was organized November 23, 1873. 
Rev. Frank B. Moore, of Covington, Ky., then a young man 
just entering the ministry, was active in forming the 
church and was its first pastor. The church was erected 
In 1873 at a cost of $20,000, and the lot cost $4,000 more 
The church was named "MOore Memorial" in honor of its 
first pastor. 

The offices of the Executive Committee of Foreign Mis 
sions of the Presbyterian Church are located in the Church 
House of the First Presbyterian Church, Fifth Avenue 
and the ^monthly meetings are held here. The Secretaries 
are Dr. S. H. Chester and Dr. Egbert W. iSniith; Rev 
H. F. Williams has charge of the educational department 
and Mr. W. H. Raymond is Treasurer. 

Leading Presbyterian Churches of Nashville, in ad 
dition to those mentioned, are: Woodland Street Church 
West Nashville Church, Glen Leven Church. 

Methodist Episcopal Church, South. 

Nashville is headquarters for iSouthern Methodism, 
and the interests of 2,000,000 members are centered here 
in the great [Publishing House of the Church, located on 
Broad Street. 

There are thirty-eight Methodist (Southern) Churches 
in Nashville. McKendree, on Church (Street between Fifth 
and Sixth Avenues, is the oldest and has a history of 
thrilling interest. 



94 ALL ABOUT NASHVILLE 



'In 1806 the name of the Nasiiville Circuit first ap- 
pears upon the record. At the Conference in Cincinnati 
O€tober 1, 1811, a new Presiding Elder's district, confined 
alniost exclusively to what is now -Middle Tennessee, was 
formed. 

The Tennessee Conference was formed at Fountain 
Head, Sumner County, November 1, 1812. In 1818 the 
town of Nashville, which had previously been the head 
of a circuit, became a separate charge. 

The first Methodist meeting house in Nashville was 
built of stone, as early as 1789 or 1790, and stood upon the 
Public Square. This was removed to maike way for public 
improvements, and the meetings were transferred to the 
jail, of which Edward D. Hobtbs, a zealous member of the 
church, was keeper, and also to the residence of 'Mr. 
Garrett on the Franklin road, ten miles from the Court- 
house. 

In 1812 a lot was secured in "the outskirts of the 
city," now Broad street, near where the new High School 
building stands, and a brick edifice was erected. The 
Legislature of the State at one time met in this building. 
In 1817 the house of worship was found to be ''too re- 
mote from the center of population," and another was 
erected on iChurch Street between Cherry and College. 
TMs was the principal iMethodist Church in Nashville 
until 1832. With the occupation of this house Nashville 
became a station. Rev. John Johnson was assigned to 
it with "an allowance of his table expenses, one hundred 
'dollars each to himself and wife annually, and sixteen 
dollars for each child under seven years of age." In writ- 
ing of him afterwards his wife said: "This was an ample 
allowance." 

Here the first 'Methodist Sunday School in Middle 
Tennessee was organized. 

•As the result of a great revival in 1831-32 a spacious 
edifice was erected on the present McKendree site. The 
first sermon in this church was preached in 1833 by Bisho;-) 
MicKendree. 



CHURCH INTERESTS 95 



A new church was begun on the site in November, 
1876, and the corner stone was laid in 1877. The entire 
cost of the church was about $30,000. In tlie to'wer was 
hung the bell of the old McKendree Church. This bell 
was donated to the church in 1838 by Harry Hill. This 
beautiful building was destroyed by fire in 1879, soon after 
its completion. The still finer building erected on the 
same spot was also burned. The present handisonie struc- 
ture is the fourth church on this site. 

On Federal occupation the churches which were not 
destroyed were turned into hospitals or used by Nbrthern 
Bishops. 

When the Confederate troops and citizens returned 
at the close of the war the McKendree Church and par 
sonage were occupied by Rev. Mr. Gee, an appointee of a 
Northern Bishop; Andrew Church was occupied by colored 
people, protected by the United States troops; Clailwrne 
and Spruce 'Street churches were destroyed; Hobson was 
a Government meat shop; iNorth (Eidgefield had been torn 
down for material, and the African churches occupied by 
colored refugees. iMulberry was a forage depot. 

The leading Methodist churches in the city now are 
McKendree, West End, Elm Street, Carroll Street, Waverly 
Place, Monroe Street, Hobson, Tuliip Street and McFerrin 
(Memorial. 

The Board of Missions, the College of Bishops and 
other important bodies meet here annually. 

Baptist. 

it is said that there were several Baptists with James 
Robertson's party when they passed through the wilder- 
ness and founded the town of Nashville. 

The first Baptist Church in this section of the ter- 
ritory was gathered in 1786 on one of the branches ot 
Red River, called Sulphur Fork, about forty miles from 
Nashville. Aboiit the year 1783 the church was dispersed 
by the Indians. 



96 ^LL ABOUT NASHVILLE 



iln the course of five or six years from this date 
five churches were gathered, and in 1796 they were em- 
ibodied in an association called Mero District 'Assoiciatiou, 
which then comprised all the counties in the Cumberland 
country. 

At the annual session, 1803, on account of internal 
difficulties, the association dissolved its constitution and 
organized another body, called the Cumberland Associa- 
tion. The new body contained fifteen cb.urches at its be- 
ginning. So great was its ip'ro'sperity that it had in a 
short time increased to thirty-nine churches and 1,900 
members. Its bounds had become so extensive that it 
was thought another division was necessary. The new 
association formed by this division was called the Red 
River Association. 

Eighteen hundred and thirty-three may be regarded as 
a new era in the history of the Baptists in Tennessee. 
The initiative of an organization was taken in Middle 
Tennessee by three leading ministers, Peter <S. Gayle, 
James Whitsett and Garner MoConnico, who called a meet- 
ing at Mill Creeik, near Nashville, in October, 1883, and 
organized a Baptist State Convention. Conforming to the 
peculiar formation of the State, the convention appointed 
three boards, one in each division of the State, to conduct 
the affairs. This iplan continued about ten years. 

At the time of the great controversy with the Anti- 
Missionary forces there came to Tennessee from another 
State a young man of fine scholarly attainments and a 
fluent writer— R. B. C. Howell. The church at Nashville 
called him to be its pastor in 1834, and in 1835 he began 
the publication of "The Baptist," the first publication in 
Tennessee. 

The present iState Convention was organized as an 
educational body. Efforts were made to unify the denom- 
ination of the whole State, but no other basis of unification 
could be agreed upon. 

April 10, 1874, a large number of Baptists convened in 
Murfreesboro and organized the convention and located 



CHURCH INTERESTS 97 



the S. W. B. University at Jaclcson, Tenn. The new insti- 
tution was made the successor of Union University. 

Tlie whole State seemed to come into active co-oper- 
ation. The Executive Board was located in Nashville 
Middle and Wlest and some of the associations in East 
Tennessee were immediately unified, and the cause of 
missions and (Sunday ISchools moved forward with great 
success. In 1875 Middle and West Tennessee dissolved 
their general organizations, and, with isome East Tennes- 
see churches, united with the unification convention. In 
October, 1885, the Eiast Tennessee General lAssociatioii 
was merged into the Tennessee Baptist Convention. After 
eleven years of effort to unify the Baptists of the State 
unification was completed. 

In 1891 the Southern Baptist ('onvcntioii created a 
Sunday School Board of Pulblicity, and located it in Nash- 
ville, under the management of that prince of secretaries, 
the Rev. J. M. Frost, D. D. The State Convention organ- 
ized Baptist iSunday School conventions in the three 
divisions. The Sunday iSohool Board of the Tennessee 
Baptist Convention was a separate function from the Gen- 
eral Board of (Missions, and was operated by a Secretary 
other than the General Missionary Secretary. 

In 1896 the two boards were combined and placed 
under the management of the Missionary Secretary of the 
Boards of Mission and Sunday iSchools. 

The various Bai^tist interests are centered at head- 
quarters, 710 Church Street. A permanent site has been 
purchased on Eighth Avenue, North, near Commerce 
Street, where handsome buildings are to be erected. 

There are about 180,000 Baptists in Tennessee; there 
are fifty-three associations and about 1,700 churches. 

There are eighteen Baptist churches in Nashville, as 
follows: First, Central, Seventh, Third, Immanuel, Bel- 
mont, Calvary, Centennial, Edgefield, Grace, GrandVieW: 
Howell Memorial, Judson Memorial, Lockeland, North 
Edgefield, North Nashville, South Side and Eastland. 



98 



ALL ABO IT NASHVILLE 



FIRST CHURCH. 

The First Baptist Church, located on Broad Street and 
'Seventh Avenue, was organized 'by Jeremiah Vardeman, 
of Kentucky, in 1820, and the first settled pastor was 
Richards Dohibs. 

In June, 1862, the pastor of the First Baptist Church 
with several other ministers who declined to take the oath 
of allegiance presented to them, were arrested by order of 




FIRST BAPTIST CHURCH, 
Rev. R. M. Inlow, Pastor. 



CHURCH INTERESTS 99 



the military authorities occupying the city and confined 
for two months. 'In January, 1863, the house of worship 
(now the First Lutheran Church, on Fifth Avenue, North) 
was taken possession of by military order, stripped of 
its pulpit, pews and furniture, and turned into a hospital. 
In 1863, after it had been restored to the congregation, 
it was converted into a barracks for the soldiers passing 
through the city. The Government, on June 26, 1865, re- 
turned the church to the congregation with $5,000 cash 
compensation. It was afterwards sold to the First Bivan- 
gelical Lutheran congregation, who now occupy it, and the 
present church on Broad Street and Seventh Avenue was 
erected at a cost of $85,000. Rev. R. M. Inlov/ is pastor. 

I M MANUEL CHURCH. 

The Immanuel Baptist Church, located near the inter- 
section of Broad Street and West End Avenue, and front- 
ing on West End, Seventeenth Avenue and Broad Street, 
is one of the leading evangelical churches of the city. 
The new church auditorium, of tapestry gray brick, 
trimmed with Bowling Green stone, possesses some unusual 
features The building itself is a modification of iSt. Paul's 
on the Mount in Rome. The baptistry, the first of its 
kind ever erected, is a replica of a mediaeval tomb, giving 
aesthetic emphasis to the idea held by all Baptists that 
baptism is a burial. Above the baptistry there is a large 
cut glass reiproduction of the Resurrection scene — thus 
wedding the idea of death with the Resurrection. The 
acousticon enables the deaf to hear. Attractive club 
rooms are fitted up for the young men, and above these 
rooms there is a roof garden, the first to be erected by 
any church in the South, where services are held on sum- 
mer evenings. Rev. Rufus W. Weaver, Th. D., has been 
pastor since 1908. 



Episcopal Church. 



The Episcopal Church in iNashville may be said to 
date from the coming of Mr. James Hervey Otey, of Vir- 



100 ALL ABOIjT NASHVILLE 



ginia, to Tennessee. While residing at Franklin Mr. Otey 
began to hold services in Nashville in 1826, going thither 
on horseback Sunday afternoons; hunting up the key of 
the Masonic /Hall, making a fire in the hall when nec- 
essary, and then giving notice of his readiness to hold 
service. People responded heartily to his unselfish efforts 
for their good, and Christ Church, Nashville, was organ- 
ized. Rev. John Davis had charge of the church until 1829. 

By invitation of Mr. Otey, Bishop Ravenscroft visited 
Tennessee in 1829, and in July of that year presided over 
a convention in Masonic Hall, Nashville, at which, by 
the adoption of a "Constitution and 'Canons of the Protest- 
ant Episcopal Church in Tennessee," he effected the or- 
ganization of the Diocese of Tennessee, with boundaries 
coterminus with those of the State. The Diocese was in- 
corporated under State laws in 1858. 

As yet there was no church building in the infant 
Diocese. Christ Church was begun in 1830 and completed 
the following year, and was consecrated by Bishop iMeade, 
of Virginia, who visited Tennessee in 18.31, presided over 
the third annual convention of the Diocese, confirmed 
classes in Nashville and Franklin, and laid the corner- 
stone of St. Peter's Church in Columbia. The clergy of 
the Diocese had been strengthened hy the accession of 
Rev. George Weller, D. D., who came in 1829 to be rector 
of Christ Church, Nashville. 

The period of the Civil War strife marked a distinct 
epoich in the history of the Episcopal Church in Tennessee, 
and, while not actually articulated with the church, which 
was of necessity organized as "the Protestant Episcopal 
Church in tlie Confederate States of America,'' the Diocese 
was able to bold no conventions subsequent to 1861 until 
1865. 

The Diocese has had some distinguished men upon 
its rolls in the post-bellum period. Of its clergy it has 
given to the episcopate the Rev. William C. Gray, Bishop 
of iSouthern Florida; the Rev. Dr. Sessums, Bishop of 
Louisiana, and the Rev. Dr. Iteese, Bishop of Georgia. 
Other disliuiiuisiied clergymen serving at her altars were: 



CHURCH INTERESTS IQl 



The Rev. Dr. Hines, the Rev. Dr. George Wjhite, the Rev. 
Dr. Thomas W. iHumes, the Rev. Dr. Shoiip, the Rev. Dr. 
Howard, the Rev. Dr. George Becket, the Rev. Dr. iPat- 
terson, the Rev. Dr. Joseph E. Martin, the Rev. Dr. F. P. 
Davenport, the Rev. Messrs. T. F. Martin and P. A. 
Rodriguez. Rev. Dr. W. T. Manning, pastor of Trinity 
Church, New York, was formerly pastor of Clirist Cliurch, 
Nashville. 

The Diocese now numbers over 8,000 communicants, 
has twenty-nine parishes, more than forty organized mis- 
sions and about twenty unor-ganized missions. 

The Order of the Holy Cross has a house and school 
in Tennessee; the Brotherhood of St. Andrew, the Girls' 
Friendly iSociety and the Daughters o>f the King are rep- 
resented, and the "Wioman's Auxiliary to the Board of Mis- 
sions has a record of twenty-three years of faithful 
service in the Diocese. 

Christ Church was first located on Church iStreet, the 
location of this and other churches on this thoroughfarv> 
giving rise to the name the street still bears. 

Christ Church is now one of the handsomest churches 
of the city and is located on Broadway and Ninth Avenue. 

CHURCH OF THE ADVENT. 

The Church of the Advent is one of the leading E'pis- 
coipal churches of the city. The history of its origin is 
very interesting. 

In 1857 the rector of Christ Church, Rev. Mr. Tomes, 
called a meeting of the congregation and proposed that, as 
there were so many who desired to attend services who 
could not be seated, that the pews ibe free for one year 
as an experiment. Some declined to relinquish their pews 
which they had possession of by fee simple. 

A few days later a num)l)er of communicants froin 
Christ Church met at No. 30 Public Square and organized 
a new parish and voted its name "The Church of the 
Advent." Rev. Charles Tomes became rector, and through 
the generosity of Mr. John Kirkman, the owner of Odd 



102 



ALL ABOUT NASHVILLE 



Fellows' Hall, the use of that building was secured for 
services. Rev. 'Mr. Tomes was taken siok just before the 
opening service and died in about one month. 

Rev. Charles M. Armistead became rector in January, 
1858. The vestry purchased a lot on Seventh Avenue, 
North, and the first service was held in the church built 
on the lot on Easter morning, 1866. 




MCKENDREE METHODIST CHURCH, 
Rev. J. S. French, Pastor. 



CHURCH INTERESTS 103 



In the fall of 1865 Dr. Duntord was elected Bishop of 
the Diocese of Tennessee. The quaint and striking arclii 
tecture of the church, covered as it has been for years 
with ivy, and its interesting- history, around which so 
many memories cling, have made it very interesting, espe- 
cially to Eipiseopalians. 

The church proiperty was sold to the iFirst Church of 
Christ, Scientist, in 1911 and has been remodeled and en- 
larged for the use of this congregation. 

The new Church of the Advent is one of the hand- 
somest pieces of church property in Nashville. 

The leading Etpi&copai Churches in Nashville are: 
Christ Church, Church of the Advent, and St. Ann's 
Church, which is located on Woodland Street (Bast). The 
Rev. Mercer IP. Logan is rector of the latter. 

Cumberland Presbyterian Church 

The Ciumlberland Presbyterian Church was organized 
in Dickson Co'unt.v, Tennessee, in February, 1810, and owes 
its origin mainly to what is known as "The Great Revival 
of 1810." In a pamphlet issued by the C'umJberland Pres- 
bytery upon the occasion of the centennial anniversary 
in 1910 is this statement concerning the organization of 
the church: 

"Cumberland Presbytery began to ordain pious men who 
were not endowed with a classical education as demanded 
by the Presbyterian Church, and they adopted the West- 
minster Confession only so far as they believed that it 
conformed to the Word of God, and rejected the teachings 
of fatality under the mysterious doctrines of predestina 
tion and foreordination. Cumberland Presbytery was dis- 
solved, but these faithful men of God continued to supply 
the means of grace in the wilderness, and met from 
time to time as a 'Council.' For seven years they strug- 
gled for a restoration of their rights. Finally, in Febniary, 
1810, Finis Ewing and Samuel King, deposed ministers. 
and iEphraim McLean, a candidate for the ministry, re- 
paired to the home of Samuel McAdow, in Dickson County, 



104 ii>^ ABOUT NASHVILLE 



Tennessee. These men were much in prayer, and, not 
being able to reach a conclusion, they agreed to separate 
and engage in prayer for divine light and guidance. Finis 
Ewlng went up into a grove near the iMciAdow home (an 
old two-room log caljin) and spent the night in prayer, 
calling on God for light and guidance. Finally God heard 
and answered the prayers, and on the morning of Feb- 
ruary 4, 1819, they constituted Cunnberland Pres'bytery as 
an independent body, and their first Presbyterian act was 
to ordain young IMclLean into the full work of the min- 
istry. The Cumberland Presbyterian Church grew from 
this humble ibeginning." 

A few years ago many of the members of the 
Cumberland Presbyterian Church united with the Presby- 
terian Church in the United -States. There were many, 
however, who remained loyal to Cumberland Presibyterian 
ism and the church was divided into "Loyalists'' and 
"Unionists." In the entanglements regarding titles to 
church property which followed the courts were resorted 
to and many of the cases are still pending. 

The Cumberland Presbyterian Publishing House, lo- 
cated at Nashville, is a valuable property, and by the 
decision of the Supreme Court was retaken by the iCum- 
berland Pres'byterians. 

The leading Cumberland Presbyterian Churches of 
Nashville are the Russell Street Cumberland Presbyterian 
Church (East), Addison Avenue Cumberland Presbyterian 
Church (West), Grace Cumberland Presbyterian Church 
(South). There are seven churches of this denomination 
in the city. The most historic is the First Church, now 
in ruins on Seventh Avenue, North, and Commerce Street. 

Presbyterian Church, U. S. A. 

The Presbyterian Church, U. S. A., has twelve con- 
gregations in Nashville, with a large membership. The 
leading church is the Broadway Presbyterian Church, of 
which Rev. T. A. WSgginton is pastor. Tbe congregation 
has recently erected a handsome new church, which Is 






/f .' .- -■ ■ ■ .. ■ - ' 



For li?qc!i''i!iri5.Sk-ill. aici^irk'r^^och'Oi-: (?v- l.i''l''rh'iuaii^?!:i|T 

111 u>;coi-Joii^c uiitli t;;o C 'onniiittco'^ Report. Xn iiibc roJ 'C-l-'i ? 




THE ELLIOTT CEES: 
GOLD MEDAL 

AWARDED TO 

UNDERWOOD TYPEWRITER GO. 

FOR INGENUITY, SKILL and PERFECTION 
of WORKMANSHIP, AS DISPLAYED 

IN THE 

UNDERWOOD 

STANDARD 
TYPEWRITER 

The Machine You Will £venluall^ ^uy 



NASHVILLE BRANCH, 329 UNION ST. 



m 



CHURCH INTERESTS 105 



reached by Broadway, Broadway-'Hillsboro, Broad Street 
or Broadway-West End cars. 

The Russell Street Church and Grace Church are 
among the prominent churches of this denomination. 

Reformed Church. 

The Nashville Reformed Church was organized in 1890 
by Rev. J. Von Crueninger and 'has a church on Ninth 
Avenue, North. His successors were Rev. Messrs. E'bbin- 
shouser, Goutenbein, Keller, Heck and Vogt, the present 
pastor. 

Lutheran Church. 

Lutheran congregations in Tennessee were organized 
as early as 1800. The first ILutheran Church in Tennessee 
was organized near Sheltiyviile about 1825 by the Rev. 
William Jenkins, who must be looked upon as the pioneer 
pastor of iLiutheranism in these regions. 

The first German [Evangelical Lutheran Church of 
Nashville was organized in 1859, and the work prospered 
until 1861. Until the fall of Fort Donelson services were 
continued uninterrupted in the Courthouse, when the 
Federal army took possession of it. An invitation to 
hold services in the German Methodist Church was ac- 
cepted, and later services were held in the council room, 
but as soldiers were quartered above it this was soon 
abandoned. Services were then held in the Second Pres- 
byterian Church, 

In 1867 services were held for the first time in the 
church on North Market Street^ occupied by the congre- 
gation until the present church on Fifth Avenue, ibetween 
Union and Cedar Streets, was purchased from the First 
Biaptist congregation. 

'St. Paul's Lutheran Church in North Nashville was 
organized as a mission, but is now an independent organ- 
ization. 

There are about 400 Lutherans in Nashville, and the 
churches are affiliated with the Olive Branch Synod. 



CHURCH INTEREST'S IQY 



Methodist Episcopal Church. 

The iMethodist Episcopal Church is not strong in 
Nashville. The Central Tennessee Conference was or- 
ganized in 1880. It has forty-two ministers, 7,456 mem- 
bers, and church and parsonage property amounts to 
$140,730. There are two colored conferences of the Meth- 
odist Eipiscoipal Church in this State, the Tennessee Con- 
ference and the East Tennessee Conference. They have 
361 ministers and a memibership of 14,761, and church 
and parsonage property valued at $388,210. 

United Brethren. 

Nashville has four United Brethren Churches. The 
Presiding Elder of one of the Western conferences, Viith 
headquarters at Dickson, has jurisdiction over the larger 
of the Nashville churches. INashville is in the jurisdiction 
of the Southern District, under Bishop Carter, of 
Chattanooga. 

Christian Church. 

The Christian Church numbers something like 3,500 
commnuicants in Nashville, and there are about twenty 
church buildings. 

The first Christian Church was formerly located on 
Church Street where the Vendome Theater now stands, 
and when organized it was a Baptist Church. 

The record book of its early days was entitled "Thi 
Records of the Baptist Church of Nashville, July 22, 1820." 
Rev. Philip iS. iFiall, who- became pastor of the church ia 
1826, was a Kentuckian, and even before coming to 
Nashville his mind had undergone a radical change as 
to the proper method of reading the Scriptures and of 
teaching them, as well as for the proper authority of 
denominationalism. He became convinced finally that 
baptism as a system was not identical with Christianity 
as a system, but believed that Baptists, as a people, were 



108 ^^^ ABOUT NASHVILLE 



nearer the Scriptures than any others, and that they 
would welco'me a still closer conformity to the sacred 
model. Dr. Fall's ,convictions were not unknown to the 
leading memlbers of his congregation, as he had openly 
announced them at a Kentucky association some time 
previous. The day that he preached his first sermon he 
stated his full conviction that no congregation worshipped 
according to the New Testament that did not attend to 
the Lord's Supper on every Lord's Day. Later, only three 
members dissenting, the congregation decided to attend 
regularly to this act of divine worship. Only four mem- 
bers dissented and these were given letters of dismissal. 

The congregation continued to worship in the Churcti 
Street ibuilding and some time later built a new church 
on Fourth Avenue. This was destroyed by fire in 1855 and 
the old building was then reoocupied. 

Dr. R. Lin Cave, one of the leading ministers ol 
Nashville, was pastor of the First Christian Church when 
the new church on Seventh Avenue, North, now occupied 
by the congregation, was built. It is one of the city's 
handsomest churches and the cost of the entire property 
was about $45,000. 

Dr. Cave is now pastor of the Woodland Street Chris- 
tian Church, which was organized as "The Edgefield 
Christian Church" in May, 1872, in the Odd Fellows' Hall. 
The house of worship was dedicated on the first Sunday 
in July, 1878. The church is located on Woodland Street, 
between Fifth and Sixth Avenues. 

The Seventeenth Street Christian Church (East) is 
one of the newer Christian churches of the city, and this 
congregation has recently erected a handsome new church. 

Seventh Day Adventists. 

The Seventh Day Adventsts are very strong in Nash- 
ville, and this city is considered headquarters for the 
denomination in the South. Th(> growth of the denomina- 
tion in Nashville, both in numbers and in importance, 
has been phenomenal. 



CHURCH INTERESTS 109 



One of the largest printing plants of the denomination 
is located in North Nashville. Starting in a store twelve 
years ago, this enterprise has grown to a large plant, 
covering several acres and emplo>ing hundreds of hands. 
Its work includes the puiblication of several papers and 
magazines, thousands of tracts, pamphlets, etc., besides 
many volumes and subscription books. 

The Nashville Sanitarium, located on the iMiurfreesboro 
road, is the outgrowth of the first work done in the 
city. Another sanitarium is operated near Madison, closely 
adjoining the Nashville Agricultural and Normal Institute. 

One of the nine food factories of the denomination is 
located near Madison and is known as the Nashville Food 
Factory. 

The Southern Missionary Society, with offices in Nash- 
ville, has a wide local field of operation. A number of 
mission and industrial schools and a large manual train- 
ing school are conducted as a part of the work for colored 
people. A paper is also piilblished in the interest of this 
department. 

The headquarters of the Southern Union Conference 
were placed in Nashville in 1901. Five years later the 
Southern field was divided and the Southeastern Union 
Conference was formed of a part of the territory, with 
offices in Atlanta. 

The leading church of the denomination in Nashville 
is located at 500 Fatherland Street (East), and is reached 
by the Fatherland car. 

Pentecostal. 

One of the largest churches in Nashville is tbe Pen- 
tecostal Tabernacle, located at 125 Fourth Avenue, North, 
of which Rev. J. 0. MoClurkan is pastor. This church 
gives more to missions per capita than any church in 
Nashville. The doctrine of sanctiflcation is preached, 
although the congregation is composed of members of 
various denominations and the work is interdenomina- 
tional. 



110 



ALL ABOUT NASHVILLE 



Congregational. 

The first, and for many years the only, church in 
Nashville of this denomination was Fisk Memorial Chapel, 
at iFisk University, organized hy Prof. H. S. Bennett many 
years ago. 

iHoward Church, located at 214 Twelfth Avenue, North, 
was organized November 2, 1876. 

St. Mary's Chapel is located at 2(112 Twelfth Avenue, 
North. 

There is no church of this denomination for white 
people in Nashville. 




FIRST CHURCH, CHRISTIAN SCIENCE, 
Formerly Church of the Advent. 

H. M. Mason, Reader. 



CHURCH INTERESTS 1^1 



Christian Science Church. 

The first Christian 'Science Cliurcli in Tennessee was 
organized about seventeen years ago in Memphis. The 
church in Nashville was organized January 2, 1905. 

The handsome church now owned and occupied by 
the Christian Scientists is located on Seventh Avenue 
North, between Broad and Commerce Streets. This prop- 
erty was purchased recently from the Church of the 
Advent. It is one of the handsomest church properties 
in Nashville. H. M. Mason is reader. 

The Christian Science reading room is in the First 
National Bank Building, 'No. 1013. 

Catholic Church. 

The first authentic record of the visit of a Catholic 
priest to Tennessee was in 1820, when Father Abell came 
from Bardstown, Ky., to attend the few Catholics then 
in Nashville. He immediately set about building the 
little church on Capitol Hill, which lasted up to 1847 — 
when the present old Cathedral was built — and was then 
converted into iSt. John's Hospital. Father Abell continued 
to visit Nashville up to 1824, when Father Dur^bin took 
his place, and up to 1838 Father Durbin had charge of 
all the Catholics in Tennessee, besides those of his home 
missions in Kentucky. 

Thus in 1837 Tennesee had no resident priest. But 
in that year the Diocese of iNashville was created, cut 
off from Bardstown, now Louisville, Ky., and Father Rich- 
ard Pius Miles, O. P., was consecrated as its first Bishop 
in O'Cto'ber, 1838. He arrived in aSTiasliville before th?? 
end of the year to find in the whole Diocese, embracin;-' 
the whole ot Tennessee, tmt one little church, not one 
priest subject to him. and but a mere handful of Cath- 
olics. 

Early in 1839 Bishop Miles set about visiting his vast 
Diooese. He rode on horseback as far as JonesTboro, 
East Tennessee, finding but few Catholics here and there 



]^]^2 '^LL ABOUT NASHVILLE 



and on his return he declared that the Catholics in Ten- 
nessee did not number more than 300. But he was not 
dismayed. 

In 1844 the cornerstone of the Cathedral in Nashville 
was laid, and it was dedicated December 31, 1847. Bishop 
Miles, in 1847, reported to Rome that he had six priests, six 
churches, three chapels and a Catholic population of 1,500. 

In 1860 Bishop Whelan succeeded Bishop Miles. The 
breaking out of the war set all his plans at naught and 
forced him to turn his attention to the wants of the sol- 
diers and to the protection of the churches already built. 
He saw his Cathedral at Nashville converted into a hos- 
pital to he used for the wounded and sick soldiers, 
and the material used for military purposes. His failing 
health compelled him to resign as Bishop of Nashville 
in 1863. 

Bishop IFeehan succeeded Bishop Whelan in 186.5. His 
work was the work of restoration, to repair the ruin 
and retrieve the losses wrought Iby the war. St. John's 
Church in Edgefield had been burnt down and was succeeded 
by St. Colomba's Church in 1881, and in various parts of 
the Diocese mission churches were built, some of which 
soon had resident pastors. In 1880 Bishop Feehan reported 
to Rome that there were in his Diocese thirty churches, 
eighteen of which had resident pastors; fifty stations reg- 
ularly served by missionaries, and a Catholic population 
of 20,000. 

During the incumlljency of Bishop Feehan occurre'l 
the epidemics of 1873, 1878 and 1879, so fatal especially 
to the Catholics of Memphis. 

In 1880 Bishop Feehan was promoted to the Arch- 
bishopric of Chicago and was succeeded by Bishop Rade- 
macher where the prelate of Chicago had laid it down in 
Tennessee. St. Joseph's, Nashville, was ibuilt in 1895, and 
the new church at Chattanooga dedicated; also St. Pat- 
rick's Church. Nashville, in 1891. 

Bishop Rademacher was transferred to Fort Wayne 
in 1893 and was succeeded July 25, 1894, by the present 



CHURCH INTERESTS 113 



Bishop, the 'Right Rev. Thomas S. Byirne. Since the advent 
of Bishop Byrne the church lias made rapid strides. 

Tennessee has twenty-five churches with resident pas- 
tors and tliirteen churches without resident pastors. Be- 
sides these, there are seventy-tliree stations without 
churclies, but visited regularly. 

There are in Tennessee thirty-one Diocesan and four- 
teen regular, in all forty-five: fourteen young men are 
studying for the priesthood in various colleges. 

The Catholic population of the State is about 20,000. 

The priesthood of Tennessee has been signally hon- 
ored, three of its members having (been promoted to bish- 
oprics outside the State — Bishop Scannell, of Omaha, Neb., 
who had been pastor of St. Joseph's ^Church, Nashville; 
Bishop Morris, of Little Rock, Ark., whoi had been pastor 
of the Oathedral at Nashville, and Bishop FarreOy, of 
Cleveland, O., who had also been pastor of the Nashville 
Cathedral. 

The present organization of the Diocese of Nashville 
is as follows: Bishop, the Rt. Rev. Thomas Sebastian 
Byrne, D. D. ; Vicar General, the Very Rev. D. J. Murphy; 
Secretary, the Rev. -M. A. Kasper. 

Consultors and Infirm IPl'iests' Fund — The Very Rev. 
D. J. iMiirphy, Vicar General; John K. iLarkin, the Rev. 
Hugo Fessler, O. F. M. 

Ecclesiastical Court for Matrimonial Cases — Judge, the 
Very Rev. D. J. Murphy, Vicar General. 

Ecclesiastical Curia for Disciplinary Cases — The Very 
Rev. John K. Ijarkin, Procurator Fi&calis; Rural Deans, 
the Very Rev. D. J. Murphy, Vicar General, and the Rev. 
Thomas V. To'bin. 

Synodal Examiners — The Rev. D. W. Ellard, the Rev. 
P. J. Gleeson, the Rev. J. K. Larkin, the Rev. E. Gazzo. 
the Rev. T. V. Tobin. 

Diocesan School Board and Examiners of Teachers — 
The Very Rev D. J. Murphy, Vicar General; the Rev. P. J, 
Gleeson, the Rev. D. W. Ellard, the Rev. J. K. Larkin. 
8 



114 ALL ABOUT NASHVILLE 



Commission of Accounts — Tlie Very Rev. D. J. Mur- 
phy, Vicar General; the Rev. T. V. Tobin, the Rev. j. J. 
Graham, the Rev. T. C. Abbott. 

Irremovable Rectors — The Very Rev. D. J. Murphy, St. 
Patrick's Church, Memphis; the Rev. D. W. Ellard, St. Co- 
lumbus" Church, Nashville. 

Diocesan Director for the Propagation of the Faith 
and Diocesan Director for Priests' Eucharistic League— 
The Rev. T. C. Abbott. 

THE NEW CATHEDRAL. 

Nashville boasts of no handsomer architectural orna 
ment than the new Cathedral, School and Episcopal Resi- 
dence now in course of erection on Broad Street near 
Twentieth Avenue. The three buildings will be uniform 
in style and will represent all tliat is most chaste and 
dignified in their architectural lines. The Pro-Cathedral 
is used pending the completion of the Cethedral. 

ST. MARVS CATHEDRAL. 

St. Mary's Cathedral, on Fifth Avenue near Cedar, is 
one of the oldest and most historic churches of Nashville, 
and around the stately old edifice many tender memories 
cling. 

'h •h "h 



Jewish Population. 



A 



MOXG the first Jewish families to settle in Nash- 
ville were Aaron Londe, lEIias Wolf, David Elsbach, 
Isaac Gershon, Myer iSulzbacher, Henry Harris, 
E. Franklin and Z. Levi. 
In October, 1851, the Israelites residing in the 
city called a meeting in the house of Isaac Gershon 
and organized the first Jewish benevolent society In 
Nashville. Seven acres of land were purchased on the 
Buena Vista pike for a burial gronnd and a room was 
rented for a synagogue on North Market Street, Mr. Henry 
Harris officiating as reader. 



CHURCH INTERESTS US 



Tlie first raibbi engaged was Mr. Alexander Iser, a 
native of Polish Russia, with a salary of $600 a year, wifi 
perquisites. 

Shortly after his arrival the society was dissolved and 
the first Hebrew congregation formed under the title of 
Mogen Oavld ("Shield of David") at the suggestion of 
Isaac Gerslion, as a compliment to the county. A charter 
was granted by the Legislature in 1854 and the congrega- 
tion rented Douglass Hall, corner Mai'ket Street and 
the Square. 

In 1862 the first Reformed congregation, in opposi- 
tion to the Orthodox, was organized, and they assumed the 
name of Benij Jrashren (Sons of Jerusalem). A burying 
ground was purchased for their separate use. After six 
years the congregations united in 1868 under the title of 
K. K. Arvooh Schoeleun (Lovers of Peace). In 1872 the 
foundation of the present temple was commenced on Sev- 
enth avenue between Church and Commerce Streets. The 



THE NASHVILLE 

Y. M. C. A. 

invites you to inspect its new building and acquaint 
yourself w^ith its various activities. 

SOCIAL, EDUCATIONAL, RELIGIOUS 
and PHYSICAL PRIVILEGES 

open to men and boys at moderate ratee. ^ An 
excellent employment bureau is conducted. ^ Meals 
served a la carte at all hours. ^ The young man 
avv^ay from home can find no better room in the city 
than in the "Association Apartments." ^ You will 
be welcome. ^ Seventh A venue and Union Street. 



116 ALL ABOUT NASHVILLE 



temple was finished in 1877 and is a handsome piece of 
architecture of the Byzantine type. It was designed by 
W. Dohson and cost abont |40,000. 

(Since 1879 the old IPolandish mode of worship was 
abolished and siKbstituted by the reformed mode of wor- 
ship, called Min hag America (the Custom of America). 
Many took offense at this and organized a new congrega- 
tion under the name of K. K. Adath Israel, by electing I. B. 
Cohen President and L. Rosenheim Vice-President. They 
worshiped at first in a hall in iMr. Rosenheim's house, 
118 Third Avenue, North. They style themselves an 
Orthodox congregation. 

^ ^ ^ 

Salvation Army. 

The work of the iSalvation Army in Tennessee was 
started in Nashville June 8, 1890. In addition to their 
religious work, which is conducted on evangelistic lines, 
the Salvationists do an immense amount of practical char- 
ity work. They maintain cheap lodging houses and, so 
far as possible, seek to make their beneficiaries self- 
respecting l)y having them earn their board and lodging. 

The first officers of the Salvation Army in Tennessee 
were Maj. and Mrs. J. T. Dale. In 1896 William Quick 
was in charge of the work in Nashville. He was suc- 
ceeded the following year by John Newcomb. Roper was 
succeeded in 1903 by Adjutant and Mrs. Wilber Gale. 
'"Divisional headquarters" were in operation in Nashville 
in 190M902, under Maj. and Mrs. William Andrews. Ad- 
jutant and IMrs. Coate came in January, 1905. The indus- 
trial department in Nashville is conducted by Adjutant 
and Mrs. George McClelland, and headquarters are lo- 
cated at 308 1-2 Cedar Street. 

The Salvation Army Industrial Home is located at 
200-210 First Avenue, North. 




COMMODORE VANDERBILT MONUMENT. 



llg ALL ABOUT XASIIYILLE 



EDUCATIONAL INTERESTS. 



Vanderbilt University. 

mHE keynote of Nashville's educational system is 
Vanderbilt University, the gift of the Vanderbilt 
family, and under the supervision of the Meth- 
odist Episcopal Church, South. Vanderbilt has 
given to American political activities: Two United States 
Senators — Fletcher of Florida and Reid of Arkansas; three 
Governors — iPatterson of Tennessee, Folk of .Missouri, 
and Cruce of Oklahoma; and J. C. McReynolds, assistant 
to the Attorney-General of the United States, who pros- 
ecuted the Tobacco Trust case. In educational work 
Vanderbilt is represented by: Dr. E. E. Barnard, of the 
University of Chicago, one of the world's greatest as- 
tronomers: E. B. Craighead, President of Tulane Uni- 
versity; Alfred Hume, Vice-President of the University of 
Mississippi; H. M. Snyder, President V/offord College; 
W. A. Webb, President Central College; Walter Deering 
and W. H. Hulme, Professors in Western Reserve Uni- 
versity; J. Perrin Smith, Professor in Leland Stanford 
University; Edwin Mims, Professor in the University of 
North Carolina; C. L. Thornburg, Professor in Lehigh 
University; A. T. Walker, Professor in the University 
of Kansas. In Vanderbilt University three deans are 
Vanderbilt alumni: Allen G. Hall, Dean of the Law De- 
partro.ent; J. T. McGill, Dean of the Department of Phar- 
macy; Henry W. Morgan, Dean of the Dental Department 
In the religious world a great many of the leading 
ministers in the Southern Methodist Church were edu- 
cated in the Biblical Department of Vanderbilt University. 
Special mention might be made of the late Bishop John 
J. Tigert and of Bishop Walter A. Lambuth. Tchi 'Ho 
Yun, a graduate of Vanderbilt, has filled many positions 
of importance in Korea. As Minister of Education he 



EDUCATIONAL INTERESTS 119 



was one of the most important citizens in the empire 
Since the domination of Japan he is in charge of educa 
tional work. 

Vanderbilt has a total asset of about $3,00(),iiO0, do- 
nated principally by Cornelius Vanderbilt, "the old Com- 
modore," W. H. Vanderbilt, W. K. Vanderbilt and Cor- 
nelius Vanderbilt, grandson of the founder. It operates 
academic, engineering, I?il)lical, law, medicine, dental 
and pharmaceutical departments. It is located on a beau- 
tifully shaded campus of sixty-two acres, about two miles 
from the heart of the city, on West 'End Avenue, one of 
the most beautiful residence streets in the United State.^. 
On this campus there are eleven college buildings and 
eight residences for professors. The Law School, Dental 
School and Medical School occupy buildings in other por 
tions of the city. There are 125 members of the faculty. 
The institution has a student body of a little over 1,000, 
gathered from twenty-eight States and China, Japan 
Korea, Mexico, New Zealand, Panama and Russia. Van- 
derbilt is the collegiate athletic center of the South. 

The arrangements recently perfected for the taking 
over by Vanderbilt University of the old Peabody campus 
in South Nashville required the removal of the Dental 
Department from its former home on Vauxhall Street, 
or Ninth Avenue. 

The work of this department has been moved to the 
building on the former Peabody campus known as the 
Model iSchool Baiilding, which has been enlarged and 
its capacity increased. 

The 'future of the Medical Department of the Uni- 
versity is more vitally affected by the taking over of the 
IPeabody campus than any of the other departments of 
the University. 

The spacious buildings on the Peabody campus have 
been completely remodeled and offer every facility for 
an enlarged work. 

The University of Tennessee, which has been operat- 
ing its Medical Department in connection with the Uni- 



120 ^L^ ABOUT NASHVILLE 



versity of Nashville, has decided to withdraw from this 
territory. The combined school, therefore, closed. 

Circumstances have seemed to put upon Vanderbilt 
University a great responsibility in this field. Galloway 
Memorial Hospital has secured a plot ot ground on the 
Vanderbilt Medical campus and will there establish its 
plant. In coming years the Galloway Hospital expects 
to devote itself largely to charitable work, and arrange 
ments have been agreed upon iby which this work will 
be icommitted exclusively into the hands of the Vanderbilt 
Medical faculty. This will greatly increase opportunities 
for medical research and open up a new and attractive 
field for public service. 

George Peabody College 

George Peabody College for Teachers has an endow 
ment immediately available of $1,900,000, and there it 
being added to this an endowment of $1,500,000, making 
a total of $3,400,000. Its mission is to provide teacherfc- 
for the South. Rs chief sponsor is the Peabody Board 
of Trust. Contributions also come from the George Pea- 
body Educational Fund, the State of Tennessee, the City 
of Nashville, the County of Davidson, the University of 
Nashville, and the alumni of that institution, of whose 
academic department Peabody is the successor. Peabody 
College was established and merged with the literary 
department of the University of Nashville in 1875. It 
has turned out over 10,000 alumni, and has probably ex- 
ercised as vital an infiuence on the life of the Southern 
States as any other educational institution. As a teach- 
ers' college Peabody has but a single rival, the Teachers" 
College of New York, Columbia University. 

Linked with the history of the famous old institution 
of which the present George Peabody College for Teachers 
is the outgrowth, is the history of higher education in 
Tennessee. Its inception dates back to the pioneer days 
of Nashville, when Gen. James Robertson was represent- 
ing the new county of Davidson in the Legislature of 
North Carolina. 



21 



ed 
m. 
of 
rd 
id- 
Qe 

fly 

he 



he 
He 
er 

ss 



jr- 
Is. 
ty 
it- 
he 
3d 



ed 
le 
as 
oa- 
th 
Id 
tie 
in 

le 

li- 

id 

le 




BELMONT COLLEGE FOR YOUNG WOMEN, N ASH V I L LE , TE N N 

CENTRAL GROUP OF BUILDINGS AND PORTION OF SOUTH PARK. 



Location and Environment ideal — fifteen acres of magnolia, rare 
shrubbery and forest trees, on a hill-toji in the beautiful West End of the 
"Athens of the South." Every urban advantage coaibined with privacy 
and quiet 

Thirty-seven States represented in this years attendance alone, 
nearly twenty per cent coming from the North. While Belmont is 



essentially Southern in fact, it is national in character and spirit, afford- 
ing students from all sections the inestimable benefit of association and 
friendship with other representative young women of the whole country. 
Twelve Schools including all branches of Music, Art, Domestic 
Science and Home Economics, Expression and Physical Culture, besides 
the various Academic Schools. 



I 



12 

ve: 
tei 

Ur 
Mf 
Va 

pl£ 

to 
mc 
be 

foi 
fie. 

Ge 

me 

bei 

a 

for 

of 

iboi 

of 

Na 

acf 

Co 

del 

hai 

ere 

9tf 

erg 

Co 



of 

is 

Te 

of 

ing 

No 



EDUCATIONAL INTERESTS 121 



By an act of the Legislature in 1796 it was provided 
that the buildings be erected, and Gen. Jackson and Gen. 
Robertson were appointed to superintend the erection of 
the building. Gen. Jackson was a member of the Board 
of Trustees from 1791 to November 26, 1805. As David- 
son Academy the institution continued for twenty-one 
years. 

The conception of the conversion of the academy 
into a college was brought about by a petition to the 
Legislature in 1806, and it subsequently became Cumber- 
land College. 

In 1824 Philip Lindsley declined the Presidency of the 
College of New Jersey to accept the IPresidency of the 
institution, then the University of Nashville. His quarter 
of a century of service meant a great deal to the progress 
of education in the entire South. 

'In 1850, having had a brilliant career, the Univer- 
sity was compelled to suspend its work for want of funds. 
At this period the Medical Department of the University 
oif Nashville was organized and the buildings for the Lit- 
erary Department were erected in 1853-54. In 1855 the 
Literary Department was re-o^pened with Gen. Bushrod 
R. Johnson at its head. 

After the war the trustees of the University located 
the [Montgomery Bell Academy in the buildings of the 
Literary Department. The fund for this academy was 
derived from a bequest of $20,000 by the late iMontgom- 
ery Bell, a man whose name is inseparably connected with 
the development of the iron industry of the State, and 
who had the honor of furnishing to Gen. Jackson, at the 
Battle of New Orleans, all of the cannon balls nsed in 
that famous conflict. 

The establishment of the Normal College of the 
University was the rehabilitation, in a more vital form, 
of the literary and scientific departments of the Uni- 
versity. 

The idea of a State Normal School had an able and 
brilliant advocate as early as 1855 in Ro'bert 'Hatton, the 
gifted and eloquent advocate of popular education. 



EDUCATIONAL INTER E^STS 123 



In 1873 Dr. W. P. Jones introduced two bills in the 
Legislature of Tennessee. One was passed and became 
the present public school law of the State. 

Since 1865 the State Teachers' Association had been 
active and indefatigable in bringing the necessity of the 
Normal College before the public as the culmination of 
the public school system of the State. The State, not 
having provided the funds necessary for a full develop- 
ment of the purposes of the act authorizing the estab- 
lishment of the Normal School, the University of Nash- 
ville generously offered to suspend its literary depart- 
ment and devote its buildings, grounds and funds (with 
the exception of those appropriated to the use of the 
Medical College) to it. The Peabcdy Education Board 
supplemented this offer by an offer of $6,000 per annum 
for two years. The institution was organized December 
1, 1875. 

The reorganized institution now is the George Pea- 
body College for Teachers, and the new campus adjoins 
that of Vanderbilt University. Five handsome ^buildings 
will adorn this splendid campus and the completed plans 
comprise fifteen buildings. Chancellor Bruce R. Payne, 
a man of classic culture and commanding personality, is 
at the head of the institution. 



Fisk University 



Fisk University is perhaps the best known institu- 
tion for the education of the colored race in the world. 
It is located at the northwest border of the city and is 
reached by the Jefferson Street car. 

Fisk University emanated from a school for colored 
'people ibegun in October, 1865, near the "Chattanooga 
Depot,'' under the auspices of the American Missionary 
Association of New York and the Western Freedmen's 
Aid Commission of Cincinnati. It first occupied the large 
hospital buildings donated by the United States Govern- 
ment, and known in war times as "The Railroad Hos- 
pital." The school was named for Gen. Clinton B. Fisk, 



124 ^LL ABOUT NASHVILLE 



who was commissioner of the Freedmen's Bureau, in com- 
mand at Nasliville when tlie school was opened and who 
entered heartily into the enterprise. 

Under the management of iProf. John Ogden the 
school at once became prosperous. During the first two 
years upwards of twelve hundred pupils were in attend- 
ance. Gen. O. O. Howard, of the Freedmen's Bureau, 
donated from the Bureau funds $7,000 to the school for 
educational purposes. It was then decided to incorporate 
the institution for the higher education of the youth of 
both sexes. It was accordingly chartered under the name 
of Fisk University, August 22, 1867. George L. White 
became teacher of music in the institution and his rare 
skill in training voices was responsble for the organzation 
of the Jubilee Singers, who soon became world famous. 

When the crisis came and the need of funds with 
which to maintain the institution was urgent Mr. White 
conceived the idea of raising money by taking his little 
band of singers to the North. 

How well the plan succeeded is shown by the fact 
that the travels of the Jubilee Singers during Mr. White's 
incumbency netted the institution $150,000. They visited 
England, where they were received with the greatest 
consideration by the Queen, the Premier, Rev. C. H. Spur- 
geon and other dignitaries of Church and State. On this 
visit they cleared $50,000. Later they visited Ireland, Scot- 
land, Holland, Germany and Switzerland, and with the 
money they earned a tract of twenty-five acres of land 
was purchased on an eminence a mile northwest of the 
Capitol. 

Ground was broken for the University building Jan- 
uary 1, and the cornerstone laid Octo'ber 1, 1873. The 
l)uilding was named Jubilee Hall in honor of the band of 
singers through whose exertions the means for its erec- 
tion were procured. Jubilee Hall was dedicated January 
1, 1876, in the presence of a vast audience of both sexes. 
Gen. Clinton B. Fislv read congratulatory dispatches from 
England and other foreign countries. The United States 



EDUCATIONAL INTERESTS 125 



Government was represented by the Sixteenth Infantry 
Band. 

The style of the building is modern lEnglish, with 
trimmings of native limestone, and over the main en- 
trance on the south front is a bust of Abraham Lincoln. 

The grounds were named Victoria Square in grateful 
acknowledgment of kindness shown the singers by Great 
Britain. 

Visitors are welcomed to Fisk University, and Presi- 
dent Gates takes great interest in showing them througli 
the famous old institution. 

The museum is especially interesting. In natural 
history, geology, mineralogy, ethnolgy there is a collectioji 
of over 3,000 specimens. These are well arranged and 
labeled, the whole covering 650 square feet of shelf room. 

The library numbers 1,700 volumes, and additions 
have been made annually from the interest of the Dick- 
erson Literary Fund, a fund contributed by the Sunday 
Schools of Great Britain. 

At chapel services on Sunday morning the music is 
especially beautiful, as the Jubilee Singers are at their 
best. Each year "The iMessiah" or one of the oratorios 
from the masters is given and the occasions are antici- 
pated with pleasure by the music-loving public. 

^, ^ ^ 



Colleges for Women. 



B 



ELMOiNT COSLLEGE FOR WOMEN has a charming 
environment. The campus comprises the grounds 
of an old Southern home. 

Ward Seminary was founded in 1865 by Dr. 
W. E. Wlard, one of the most distinguished educators of his 
day. The Seminary's main buildings are located on Eighth 
Avenue, but it has in Ward Place another home more re- 
moved from the bustle of the city. 

Boscobel College was founded in 1890 with the pur- 
pose of giving at the smallest possible cost higher edu- 



126 -^^^ ABOUT NASHVILLE 



cation of young women. It is located on a beautifully 
shaded campus overlooking Cumberland River. 

Radnor is a suburban institution for young women, 
and lias made an unusual record in giving to its students 
educational tj-iys, complimentary. 

Buford College, for the higher culture of young 
women, has twenty-five years of history behind it. It 
was established at Clarksville, but was later removed 
to Nashville because of the manifold educational advan- 
tages here. 

St. Bernard Academy, under the direction of the 
Sisters of Mercy, has been engaged since 1864 in the 
work of educating young women. 

St. Cecilia Academy is one of the ante-bellum institu- 
tions of learning of this section, having been founded 
in 1860. The buildings stand upon an eminence north oi 
the city, overlooking the valley of the Cumberland River. 

The school is under the supervision of the Dominican 
Sisters, whose special calling is the education of youth 
Although established and maintained by the Catholics, 
the instittution has always been patronized hy all denom 
inations. 

^ ^ ^ 

Preparatory Schools 

Among the leading preparatory schools for boys are 
Bowen School, where two Tennessee Rhodes scholars 
have been prepared for Oxford; Wallace University 
School, established in 1886; Montgomery Bell Academy, 
mentioned under Peabody College for Teachers; Duncan 
Preparatory (School, and People's School. Battle Ground 
Academy is located at Franklin. 

Normal School 

Nashville Agricultural and Normal Institute is located 
on a 400-acre farm ten miles from the heart of the city. 
It is a training school for teachers, who have, in addition 
to the usual normal course, opportunities along agricul- 



]^28 -'^LL ABOUT NASHVILLE 



tural and other industrial lines, preparing them to conduct 
rural industrial schools. The industries — farming, garden- 
ing, dairying, cottage building, domestic science, nursing, 
etc., are given equal prominence with the literary sub- 
jects. A rural sanitarium is operated in connection. 

Watkins Night School 

Watkins Institute, endowed by Samuel Wlatkins to 
enable the youth of Nashville without means to acquire 
information, is a free night school in which there are 
seven hundred people, 90 per cent, of whom are engaged 
during the day in stores, shops and factories, and without 
this school would be unable to secure an education. A 
large number of foreigners here learn to speak, read 
and write English. Another department of Watkins Insti- 
tute is a public art school. 

Visitors are welcomed between 7 and 9 p.m., and there 
Is no more interesting place about the city. 

Prof. Alexander Fall is Principal and he is assisted 
by an excellent corps of teachers. A number of new 
departments have recently been added. 

John Hill Eakin Institute. 

This institution was founded by 'Mr. and Mrs. John 
Hill Eakin for the purpose of providing vocational and 
supplemental education for employed boys and young 
men. It constitutes the Educational Department of the 
Nashville Young Men's Christian Association. The In- 
stitute aims primarily to prepare young men and boys 
tor an occupation, or for doing a better quality of work 
in their present position. 

The John Hill Eakin Institute comprises five distinct 
schools: The Schools of Commerce and Finance, The 
Technical School, The Night High School, The Law 
School, The Group of Special Vocational Courses. 

In the School of Commerce and Finance courses in 
Bookkeeping, Stenography and allied subjects are con- 



EDIVATIONAL INTERESTS 129 



ducted. A course in Higher Accountancy is also offered, 
which furnishes the training required by an auditor or 
a certified public accountant. 

The Technical School affords an opportunity to leaiii 
a definite trade, or to secure a larger technical training 
in a trade already followed. Some of the subjects 
offered are Bookbinding, Printing, Plumbing, Carpentry, 
Applied Electricity, Shop Mathematics, Mechanical 
Drawing and Automobile Operation and Repair. 

The iNight iSchool course includes the usual high 
school studies, about twenty "units" being offered. Six- 
teen units are required for graduation. 

In the Law School, instruction is given in those sub- 
jects usually included in a three years' law course. 

In the Special Vocational courses the fundamental 
principles underlying each occupation are presented by 
successful business men. Some of the courses offered 
are Salesmanship, Advertising, Real Estate, .Journalism 
and iPublic Speaking. 

Parochial Schools 

The Cathedral School has its home in one of the 
handsomest buildings of the Catholic Church in Nash 
ville. Architecturally it is a model, the building and 
equipment having received the personal supervision of 
Right Rev. Thom.as Sebastian Byrne, Bishop of Nashville. 

St. Patrick's School in South Nashville was estab- 
lished nineteen years ago under the care of the Sisters 
of Mercy. Rev. Father T. C. Abbott is the PrincipaL 
and the enrollment is 150. 

St. Columba's School is another flourishing Catholic 
school, under the management of the Dominican ^Sisters. 
This institution has existed for more than thirty-five 
years. 

The Assumption School in North Nashville is also 
under the charge of the Dominican Sisters. It has a large 
enrollment, does practical work and has attained an edu- 
cational standard of very high grade. 

9 



l^Q ALL ABOUT NASHVILLE 



St. Joseph s School has a course of study including 
the primary, iuterm«diate and igrammar departments, 
with a two-year business course. The department of 
music is an excellent feature of the school. 

Religious Schools 

The projected American Interchurch College for Re- 
ligious and Social (Workers is, in effect, a university of 
church colleges with a central, non-denominational entity 
providing library and other facilities. It aims to work in 
co-operation with denominational boards so as to secure 
the best possible training of specialists in moral, social 
and religious leadership. There is to be a central build- 
ing, occupied by the college itself, with its various facil 
ities. Already there are denominational dormitories and 
training schools, owned and controlled by the denom- 
inations themselves. An endowment of $1,100,000 is 
being raised. 

Tbe purpose of the Methodist Training School is to 
train missionaries and other Christian workers for service 
in the Church. Its departments are: Bible Training 
School, Nurse Training School, Training for Church Mu- 
sicians, and Training- for Kindergarten. 

Nashville Bible School, under the control of the 
Christian Church, recognizes the Bible as a text book to 
be studied and recited by pupils every day. Not from a 
doctrinal standpoint, but for its historical facts, and les- 
sons of morality. The institution does not confine its 
work to a study of the Bible, however, but is a regularly 
organized college, with courses leading to the usual bach- 
elor degrees. 

Fanning Orphan School is probably the only school 
in the United States that divests itself of reformatory 
ideas, and yet gives its pupils thorough training in all 
the every-day domestic duties that are becoming more 
and more a necessity in education. 

Pentecostal Training Home for Girls was opened by 
Mrs. Tim H. Moore in (December, 1907, to afford education 



EDUCATIOXAL INTEUE^T^ 131 



and advancement to girls from homes of destitution. It 
is partly supported by monthly donation irom the Courc. 
It is essentially faith work. There are thirty-two pupils 
in the school, ranging in age from two to seventeen years. 
Trevecca College for Training Christian workers is 
one of the most valuable institutions of the kind in 
Nashville. It is operated in connection with the Pente- 
costal Tabernacle, on Fourth Avenue, North, of which 
Rev. J. O. McClurkan is the head. 

Battle Ground Academy, 

Within easy reach of Nashville by steam or electric 
cars is one of the historic spots of the State, the famous 
battlefield of Franklin. Here was fought until the twi- 
light of November 30, 1863, one of the most bloody battles 
of the Civil War. Repeated efforts have been made to 
have this battlefield made a National Park in commem- 
oration of the undaunted heroism exhibited by both 
armies, but so far it has not been done. It is said that 
in this 'battle the number of killed in proportion to the 
number engaged was larger than in any battle of the war. 

Perhaps a more fitting, if less pretentious, memorial 
has been created, however, in the establishment upon thv- 
soil thus consecrated a school for boys, known as Battle 
Ground Academy. Surely the hallowed memories clus- 
tering about the spot cannot fail to aid in arousing a 
spirit of worthy achievement in boys who receive their 
early training amid such surroundings. The school has 
already established an honorable record in the standing 
of the hoys who have gone out from its tuition. Its 
graduates have made a splendid record for themselves 
in the Southern and Eastern universities and professional 
schools, to most of which they are admitted without exam- 
ination. In business also they have shown that their 
equipment is adequate. 

Visitors to the hattlefield will find at the school build- 
ing maps and records of the battle, issued by the War 
Department, to all of which they may have ready access. 



132 



ALL ABOUT NASHVILLE 



Public Schools 

Nashville's public school system consists of thirty- 
three plants, the center of the system being the new 
High School. This splendid new building is located on 
Broad Street and Eighth Avenue, nearly opposite the 
United States Custom House, and the cost of the build- 
ing is $300,000. 

iP'rof. .1. J. Keyes is Superintendent of City Schools, 
with offices in Hume School nn Ninth -Avenue, one block 
south of Broad. 




ENTRANCE TO HIGH SCHOOL. 



EDUCATIONAL INTERESTS 133 



Colored Schools 

The Academy and Industrial School of the Immac- 
ulate Mother is a day school for colored girls and small 
boys, under the direction of the Sisters of the Blessed 
Sacrament, for Indians and colored people, founded in 
1905 by Mother Katherine Drexel of Philadelphia. 

iFisk University began its career in an abandoned 
army barracks in 1866. It now owns property valued at 
$400,000 and had, in 1910, 538 students. An extended 
history of the University will be found elsewhere. 

Walden University was established in 1866, under 
the name of Central Tennessee College, by the Methodist 
Episcopal Church. It has Academic, Normal, L.aw, Theo- 
logical, MedicaJl, Music and Commercial Departments. 
It draws its student-body not only from the States of 
the Union, but from regions more remote — Africa, Hayti, 
Jamaica, Central )Ame)i"iqa, British Guiana y^and South 
American countries. 

Meharry Medical College 

Meharry is the Medical Department of Walden Uni- 
versity, It takes its name from the five Meharry broth- 
ers who contributed liberally to its support. Dental and 
pharmaceutical departments are operated in connection. 
The George W. Hubbard Hospital is also under the di- 
rection and is the property of Meharry. 

Roger Williams University has accomplished as much 
as any other for the higher education of negroes, and 
under difficulties greater than most. Its handsome build- 
ings were destroyed by fire a few years ago, and its 
grounds were sold. Practically unaided, it was under 
the necessity of establishing Itself on new grounds in 
new buildings. This it has done successfully. 

Fireside School was established with the purpose of 
elevating and purifying the home life of the negro people 
as well as to educate the children of that race. It is 



134 



ALL ABOUT NASHVILLE 



achieving a large measure of success. It publishes an 
official organ, "Hope," which has a circulation of 16,500 
copies, going into as many negro homes of the South, 
carrying a message for moral and social uplift. 

The new State Norma] School for colored students 
is soon to be in operation in Nashville. 




FISK UNIVERSITY, 



Shoes and Hosiery 



./^ 



For eighteen years 
the name 

"Mtuhars" 

on shoes has im- 
plied the best. 



Staple and Novel Styles in Shoes and 
Slippers m the better grades. 




A most complete 
Hosiery Department 



"The House that 
Strives to Please" 




Jno. A. Meadors & Sons 



408 Union St. 



Nashville, Tenn. 



136 '^LL ABOUT NASHVILLE 



COMMERCIAL ORGANIZATIONS. 



Board of Trade 



P 



ROiMlNiB'NT among the commercial organizations 
of Nashville is the Board of Trade, which is the 
result of the fusion of the Chamber of Commerce 
and the Retail Merchants' Association, which was 
effected February 1, 1906. Its Presidents have been: Ice- 
land Hum.e, Sam G. Douglas, Rdbt. L. Rurch, E. W. Foster, 
E. A. Liiidsey. Jos, Frank :ui<l K. 11. iHidU'y. 

The objects of the Nashville Board of Trade are to 
promote the commercial, manufacturing and industrial 
interests of Nashville; to advance its sanitary conditions, 
educational and transportation facilities; to advertise 
Nashville and its advantages, and to advance the general 
welfare of Nashville and her people. 

The rooms of the Board, Stahlman Building, are open 
at all times during business hours, and the services of 
its secretaries are always available to visitors who are 
interested in the city of Nashville. 

The officers and directors are: Houston Dudley, Pres- 
ident; E-. M. Foster, First Vice-President; T. Garland Tins- 
ley, Second Vice-President; Etigene S. Shannon, Secretary; 
C. C. Gilbert, Assistant Secretary; E. R. Burr, Treasurer. 

Commercial Club 

The Nashville Commercial Club is a concrete expres- 
sion of the faith of Nashville business men in the future 
of the city. Occupying a handsome home on the corner of 
Union Street and Third Avenue, in the heart of the finan- 
cial section of the city, it numbers among its large mem- 
bership leading men in the various commercial and in- 
dustrial activities of Nashville. 

Focused in the larger organization are the allied inter- 
ests of the various commercial and industrial bodies of the 



COMMERCIAL ORGANIZATIONS 137 



city and in tlie Commercial Club they have found a melt- 
ing pot for ideas that has been found of great benefit to 
the members, no matter in what channel their individual 
interests may he directed. Combining the common in- 
terest of all, it conflicts with none, and both business and 
social meetings are held at the Commercial Club. 

Any business man visiting Nashville will miss a dis- 
tinct pleasure if he fails to see the handsome interior of 
the Nashville Commercial Club. 

A reciprocal agreement for an exchange of courtesies, 
carrying with it an interchangeable membership arrange- 
ment, has been made by the Commercial Club with 
twenty-eight similar organizations over the country. 

A complete list of clubs in the reciprocal agreement 
with the Nasbville Commercial Club is as follows: 

Atlanta, Ga., Mercantile and Manufacturers' Club; 
Birmingham, Ala., Chamber of Commerce; Cedar Rapids, 
la., Commercial Club; Chattanooga, Tenn., Commercial 
Club; Cincinnati, O., Business Men's Club; Cleveland, O., 
Chamber of Commerce; Davenport, la.. Commercial Club: 
Duluth, Minn., Commercial Club; Huntsville, Ala., Busi 
ness Men's Club; Indianapolis, Ind., Commercial Club: 
Kansas City, Mo., Commercial Club; Louisville, Ky., Com- 
mercial Club; Lincoln, Neb., Commercial Club; Memphis 
Tenn., Business Men's Club; Mobile, Ala., Commercial 
Club; Montgomery, Ala., Business Men's League; New Or- 
leans, La., Progressive Union; New York, N. Y., Arkwright 
Club; Ogden, Utah, Weber Club; Oklahoma City, Okla , 



CARR TAILORING COMPANY 

"HAND-MADETAILORING FOR MEN" 
210 FIFTH AVE.. NORTH 

NASHVILLE, TENNESSEE 



138 ALL ABOUT NASHVILLE 



Chamber of Commerce; Omaha, Neb., Commercial Club; 
Paducah, Ky., Commercial Club; Richmond, Va., Business 
Men's Club: San Francisco, Cal., Commercial Club; Sioux 
City, la., Commercial Club; St. Paul, Minn., Commercial 
Club; Tacoma, Wash., Commercial Club. 

The large private dining room on the second floor of 
the building was designed especially for the convenience 
of the many business organizations of the city which meet 
weekly, usually for luncheon. 

The officers are: C iH. Brandon, President; Charles 
H. Barham, First Vice-President; R. Hughes Worke, Second 
Vice-President; W. R. Manier, Secretary; Sam S. Wharton. 
Treasurer. The Board of Grovernors consists of Brown Bu- 
ford, J. A. Cayce, Jr., W. 'Lewis Davis, Hamilton Love 
Charles S. Martin, P.ynl .Murray. A. 1-:. Pottt'r. A. l\. Ran- 
som, Henry Tietlebaum and Sam S. Woolwine. 

Retail Merchants' Transportation Association 

The Retail Merchants' Transportation Association is 
an auxiliary of the Board of Trade, by which the out-of- 
town shoppers are invited and urged to visit Nashville 
and make personal inspections of the splendid stocks car- 
ried by its retail houses. Railroad fares are refunded 
where purchases amount to a certain amount. A large 
increase is noticeable in the number of fares paid within 
the past year, the report being as follows: 

Number of shoppers 3,003 

Goods sold $119,424 59 

Cost of transportation 17,826 10 

Cost to sell 6 1-2 per cent. 

The officers are: Oliver J. Timothy, Chairman; F. W. 
Foulks, Secretary. 

Merchants' Transportation Association. 

One of the most active departments of the Board of 
Trade is the Merchants' Transjiortation Association. Tt 
is through the efforts of this department that a large 



COMMERCIAL OROAMZATIONS 139 



number of out-of-town buyers are brought to Nashville to 
make their wholesale purchases. This department is com- 
posed of forty-nine jobbing- firms and nineteen manufac- 
turing concerns. 

Merchants' Transportation Association of the 
Manufacturers and Jobbers' Department. 

The officers of this Association are: L. Jonas, Chair- 
man; E. S. Shannon, Secretary; C. C. Gilbert, Assistant 
Secretary; Executive Committee, E'. O. Harris, Sam Levy 
and H. C. Niles. 

Industrial Bureau 

The Board of Trade is closely affiliated and connected 
with the Industrial Bureau, a separate organization to 
which many matters are daily referred. The Industrial 
Bureau was formed by concentrating the energies of a 
few leaders in the Board of Trade in a separate and dis- 
tinct department. A large sum of money was immediately 
raised iby the citizenship of Nashville, a charter secured 
and for the purpose of advertising Nashville and securing 
manufacturing plants this department was launched. Their 
efforts have been crowned with success from the begin- 
ning, and Nashville is known better today than possibly 
any other Southern city on account of the enormous 
amount of publicity given through this department. 

The officers of the Industrial Bureau are: Johnson 
Bransford, ^President: John M. Gray, Jr., Vice-President; 
Robert L. Burch, Chairman Executive Committee; A. P. 
Foster, Secretary; T. G. Garrett, Treasurer. 

Traffic Bureau 

One of the auxiliary organizations of the Board of 
Trade is the Ti-afflc Bureau. While operating under a 
separate charter, it is working harmoniously and jointly 
with the Board of Trade in all matters having to do with 
rates and transportation. It is through this deparmen^,, 



140 ■^l^-^> ABOUT ^TAHUVILLH 



ill conjunction with the Board of Trade and the Industrial 
Bureau, that an effort is being made to reduce the rate 
on coal to Nashville. Should these efforts be crowned with 
success it will mean an annual saving to the people of 
Nashville of something like $aOO.OOO. 

The officers of the Traffic Bureau are: Chas. S. Mar- 
tin. President; W. L. Davis, Vice-Presideut; Walter H. 
Clark, Secretary; Chas. M. Morford, Treasurer; T. M. 
Henderson, Commissioner. 

Nashville-Made Goods Club 

The Nashville-iMade Goods Club seeks to educate the 
people upon the advantages of using Nashville-made goods, 
not only to the home consumer, but to the factories located 
here. 

The slogan of the Club is "Nashville Made, Excellent 
in Grade, and Quality Unsurpassed.' 

Nashville Builders' Exchange 

The Nashville Builders' Exchange is one of the 
strongest and best exchanges in the South. Handsome 
offices are maintained on the second floor of the Stahl- 
man Building. Sixteen contracting firms have offices there 
and there are about 110 members. Not only members 
but all who are interested in building interests are ex- 
pected to drop in between 11 and 12 o'clock each day. 



E. CALVERT 1'. R. CALVERT 



C AI.VERT IJROTIIKRS 

l»HOTOGUAl*HKKS 

AND MINIATURK I»AINTKRS 

CORNER FOURTH AVENUE. NORTH, A.NI> INION STREET 



I»ii<>Ni5 Main lHVi >Jasiivii,i.e, Tknn. 



COMMERCIAL OliCAMZATIONi^ 141 



For the instruction of its members the Nashville 
Builders' Exchange inaugurated a series of lectures, de- 
livered at its regTilar meetings. These lectures embody 
the scientific treatment of every branch of the building 
business. 

Bureau of Employment 

The Board of Trade has made every effort to bring 
to the city tangible assets in the shape of desirable cit- 
izens, but the importance of holding these citizens, espe- 
cially the younger men and women, had not been reck- 
oned with. It was for this purpose that the Bureau of 
Employment was established, and through its influence 
a large number of young men and women have been 
assisted in making advantageous connections, thereby 
keeping them in Nashville. 

City Beautiful Association 

One of Nashville's. newest and most progressive civic 
organizations is the City Beautiful Association, of whicn 
Mr. Ilaiden DihIiI is Secretary and (General .Maua.ucr. 
The object of the organization is to make Nashville a 
more beautiful city by stimulating civic pride among its 
citizens. The City Beautiful Association was set on foot 
by the Nashvlle Real Estate Exchange. Mr. Alf T. Mer- 
ritt is President. 

Real Estate Exchange. 

All of the leading real estate firms of Nashville are 
represented in the Nashville Real Estate Exchange. Mr. 
A. ii. Merrit ( K. W. Turner & ( "o. ) is IMi'si.lcnt. and ("dlliu 
A. Winter is Sci-i'ctary. 

Travelers' Protective Association, 

The Travelers' Protective Association is represented 
in Nashvillle by a large membership. The local organiza- 
tion is known as Post B. 



142 



ALL ABOUT NASHVILLE 



Retail Shoe Dealers. 

The retail shoe men have a progressive organiza- 
tion. Allen IMeadors is President of the National Shoe 
Dealers" Association. Mr. Richard Hall, of Branham & 
Hall, is Secretary of the local organization. 

Lumbermen's Club. 

The lumbermen of Nashville are especially progres- 
sive, and owing- to the great importance of Nashville as a 
lumber market the Lumbermen's Club is one of the city's 
most prominent commercial organizations. Hamilton 
Love is President and Cecil -Ewing is Secretary. 

Breeders' Association 

The Tennessee Breeders' Association has a large 
membership and meets annually in Nashville. The offi- 
cers are: C. P. Hatcher, Columbia, President; L. H. Gwalt- 
ney, Hickman, Vice-President; E. B. Tucker, Smyrna, 
Secretar.y-Treasurer; Executive Committee, S. N. Warren, 
Spring Hill; W. H. Carpenter, Brush Creek; Dr. C. Bailev 
Bell, Nashville: .J. F. Hobbs, Lawrenceburg. 




GROUP OF HEREFOIU) C.\TTLE. 



COMMERCIAL ORGANIZATIONS I43 



Manufacturers Organized. 

There are over 300 manufacturers in Nashville and 
there is a splendid spirit of co-operation among the 
members of the local Manufacturers and Producers' As- 
sociation. The meetings are held at the Commercial 
Club. 

All of tilt' vnriiHis lines of cniniiicrciMl :ii-tivily ;irc 
represented by organizations in [Nashville. Besides those 
mentioned there are: 

The American Institute of Banking, 1015-101 6 First 
National Bank Building. 

City Salesmen's Association, J. C. Quinn, Secretary, 
202 (Stahlman Building. 

Ex^Commercial Travelers' Club, Wm. C. IP'ollard, Pi'os- 
ident; meets at Board of Trade. 

Honest Weight League, 1017 First National Bank 
Building, .T. Briggs MciLemore, President. 

Nashville Board of Underwriters, 1227 Stablman 
I'uildin.i.;, .Tos. F>. McKoe, Sccret.-iry. 

Nashville Clearing House Association, N P. IjeSuaur, 
President. 

Nashville Credit 'Men's Association, 807 Stahlma!i 
Building, George iM. Thomas, Secretary. 

Nashville Grain 'Exchange, W. R. Cornelius, Jr., Sec- 
retary. ' ' 

Nashville Strawberry Association, A. "W. Freeman, 
Secretary. 

Retail Furniture Dealers' Association, Walter iSanford, 
Secretary. 

Surety and Casualty Association of Nashville, A. B. 
Benedict, 'Secretary. 

Wagon and Carriage Dealers' Association, 202 Stahl- 
man Building, J. J. Todd, Secretary. 

Tennessee Underwriters' Association, .No. 8 Noel 
Block, Chas. B. H. Loventhal, Secretary. 

Tennessee Poultry Association; Secretary, .John A. 
Murkin, fifth floor First National Bank Building. 

Southeastern Millers' Association, 908 First National 
Bank Building, J. B. McLemore, 'Secretary, 



144 l/^''' ABOUT NASHVILLE 



WOMEN'S CLUBS. 



Centennial Club 



N 



AS'HVILiLE is noted for its progressive women's 
clu'bs. Leading the list is tlie Nasliville Centen- 
nial Club, having a handsome permanent home at 
121 Seventh Avenue, North, which was the gift 
of the I'ri'si-'leiit. Mi's. John Hill i:akin. 

This club is the outcome of the Executive Board of 
the Woman's Department of the Tennessee Centennial 
Exposition, hence its name. Its officers are: President, 
Mrs. John Hill Eakin; Vice-iPresident, Mrs. James S 
Pilcher; Vice-President, Mrs. Percy Wiarner; Correspond- 
ing Secretary, Miss Matilda A. iPorter; Recording Secre- 
tary, Miss Sarah Scoggins. 

Housekeepers' Club 

The Housekeepers' Club also boasts of its own home, 
an elegant house on Eighth Avenue, two blocks south of 
Broad Street, the gift of the (President, Mrs. Walker Ed- 
wards. 

The officers of the club are: President, Mrs. Walker 
'Edwards; First Vice-President, Mrs. Roger Eastman; Sec- 
ond Vice-President, Mrs. W. W. Dillon; Recording Secre- 
tary, Mrs. Eugene Crutcher; Corresponding Secretary, 
Mrs. B. K. Freeman; Treasurer, Mrs. Alexander Fall. 

Literary Clubs 

The Query Club stands pre-eminent among the lit- 
erary clubs, both by right of its age (twenty-six years) 
and the high order of the work done. The officers are: 
Miss Mary Lou White, Chairman; Miss Thea Scruggs, 
Secretary; Miss Anne Hillman Scales, Treasurer, with 
Misses Delia Dortch and Mary Eskine Ramage forming 
the Executive Committee. 



M oi//;.v'.s' (jLcns 145 



The Review Club, one of the oldest and most con- 
servative, was organized sixteen years ago by iMrs. Jere 
I'.axti'r. Mrs. A. W. Wills was its President for several 
years. [Mrs. Walter Strvkes is the Secretary. 

The .Ma.^aziiie Circle is auotlier of Xasliville's exclu- 
sive literary clubs. The officers are: Miss Bloomstein, 
President; Mrs. Percy Lovenhart, Vice-President; Second 
Vice-Presitleiit, ^Irs. Saul Gonlon ; Soeretary, Miss Bertha 
Jonas; Treasurer, Mrs. Alex Weiubaum. 

The Twentieth Century Club also goes in for earnest 
worl-c. The officers are: Miss Mamie Spence, President; 
Miss Sallie R. Cornelius, Vice-President; Mrs. V. T. Griz- 
zard, Secretary-Treasurer; Miss Myrtle Holmes, Corre- 
sponding- Secretary; Mrs. R. S. Webb, Custodian. 

The Kiplin;;- Club, estaltlished altout sixteen years 
.ago by Mrs. Horace Vandeventer, at first made a study of 
Kipling. Since then it has taken up other subjects. Miss 
Flavel Wilkin is President. The club's membership is 
limited to twenty, with no honorary or associate members. 
The year's work closes with an annual picnic at the coun- 
try home of one of the members. Besides Miss Wilkin, 
President, the other officers are Miss Medora Cheatham, 
Vice-President, and Miss Jean Ramage, Secretary. 

Belmont Magazine Club has a restricted membership 
and is purely for literary study. 

!In the Rutledge Magazine Club reviews are given 
from tlie leading magazines. Mrs. E. C. Wright is Presi- 
dent; Mrs. E. S. iCulbert, Secretary. 

Vanderbilt Woman's Club is composed of the wives 
of the members of Vanderbilt University's faculty. The 
officers are: President, Mrs. R. B. Steele; First Vice- 
President, Mrs. Allen G. Hall; Second Vice-President. 
Mrs. J. A. Witherspoon; Recording Secretary, Mrs. J. T. 
M'OGill; Corresponding Secretary, Miss Mary Lou Harris; 
Treasurer, 'Mrs. L. C. Glenn; Literary Committee, Mrs. 
L. G. Noel, Chairman; Mrs. J. P. Gray, Mrs. W. 'F. Tillett, 
Associates; Musical Committee, Mrs. J. B. Keeble, Chair- 
10 



146 



ALL MUKT NAS^RX ILLE 



man; Mrs. B. F. Young, Mrs. J. H. Kirkland, Associates. 
The club lias an active membership of forty-four, with four 
associate members and thirty-five honorary members. 

Friday Literary Club is the outgrowth of the Tea 
and Repartee Club. Begun as a social afternoon club, it 
has gradually changed its character until today it is one 
of the leading literary clubs of the city. Mrs. George E, 
Blake is President. This club contributes a traveling 
library to women in remote neighhorhoods. 

The Art Literary Club is another club doing- serious 
work along literary lines. The officers are: Miss Alice 
Sparks, President; Miss Martha James, Secretary. 




CENTENNIAL CLUB. 



\\OMEN\S CLUBS I47 



The Potpourri Club is composed of tlie younger mem- 
bers of society. Ttie club was begun by a party of school 
girls in order to keep up with the great movements of 
the day. It has broadened its scope until it has gained 
for itself an enviable place among the literary clubs. Miss 
Mary Brown Eve is President. 

The leading Shakespeare Club in Nashville meets eacli 
Saturday afternoon in the apartments of iMi's. H. M. Doak 
in the Vauxhall. This club has been in existence for about 
twenty years. It has no set program, no year book 
and no officers. Its mode of study differs entirely from 
that adopted by all other clubs, but the results are 
perfectly satisfactory. The members are drawn from the 
deepest thinkers and number among them Nashville's 
brightest women. 

Mrs. E. G. Buford's Shakespeare Club is another club 
that devotes its meetings to Shakespeare. Mrs. Buford is 
President and leader. 

The Magazine Club, another literary club, has for its 
President Mrs. John W. Thomas. 

The Inquirers' Club is an organization of West Nasn- 
ville. 

Tennessee's Press and Authors" Club Is what its name 
would indicate. The brightest newspaper women and 
writers in Nashville are active members in this organiza- 
tion. The meetings are delightful occasions, where the 
members meet and exchange ideas. The Nashville brancn 
counts among its members several writers of national 
reputation. The club has recently built an attractive log 
home near Bloomington Springs, where the convention will 
be held each year. 

There is no club in the city that is doing more 
thorough work than the (Metaphysical Club. Mrs. Eliza- 
beth Fry Page is the President and leader. This is another 
club with few rules, and the only necessary quality for 
admittance is an earnest desire to study. Several times 
during the year brilliant speakers address the club. 



148 -^^'^ ABOUT NASHVILLE 



Musical Clubs 

In the musical clubs the MaoDowell takes precedence. 
This club, established several years ago, has from the very 
first been recognized as a power in the musical develop- 
ment of Nashville. Mrs. M. M. Gardner is President. This 
cluib is affiliated with the Centennial Club and is known 
as "The MacDowell Section of the Centennial Club." 

The Vendredi Musical Club is composed of the younger 
musicians. Miss Frank Hollowell is President: Vice-Pres- 
ident, Miss Daisy Snrtaiu ; Treasurer, ;Miss Florouco 
()<lil: Secretary, Mrs. Harold Greene. 

The iMusic Study Class, recently organized by Mrs. 
Francis Bent, is what its name would imply. The officers 
are: Honorary President, Mrs. Francis Bent: President, 
Miss Aleda Waggoner; First Vice-President, Mrs. Guilford 
Dudley; Secretary and Treasurer, Miss Mary Brown Eive; 
Chairman of Program Committee, Miss Sarah Bradford. 

The Camerata Club is a musical club of students. 
Miss Frances Sullivan is its leader. 

Miss Ruby Manning is leader of the Sigma Mu Club. 
The membership of this club is composed of girls and 
boys of Northeast Nashville. 



IVIRS. M. MclNTYRE 

HAIR DRESSING, MANICURE 
AND MASSAGE PARLORS 



Face Preparations, Hair Restoratives 

First Quality Hair Cjoods 

CORNER 6th AVE. AND LMON STREET Opposite Hermitage Hotel 
Telephone: IVIain 4- 



ORGA^IZATIO^hS 149 



ORGANIZATIONS. 



Historical, Educational and Patriotic. 



Tennessee Historical Society. 



M 



ANY years ago a society for the collectiou and 
preservation of historical papers, relics, antiqui- 
ties, etc., existed in Nashville. The date of its 
organization is not known. In 'May, 1857, after 
some years of inactivity, the .society was again brought 
to life. 

In January, 18G0, the society received from Egypt the 
fine Egyptian mummy, sent by Col. J. G. Harris, of the 
United States Navy. 

The society has a very interesting membership, com- 
posed of some of the most scholarly men in the State. 
Meetings are held regularly at the rooms of the society 
on Sixth Avenue, North. Description of the Historical 
Society Museum will be found under the head of "His- 
toric Interest.'' 

Tennessee Woman's Historical Association. 

Tennessee Woman's Historical Association was or- 
ganized at the suggestion of S. A. Cunningham, October 
3, 1903. It was the first association in Nashville to have 
for its special work the preservation of the old City Cem- 
etery; also the association desired to establish an his- 
toric museum in the History Building at Centennial Park. 
The first suggestion to build a memorial gate at the old 
City Cemetery was presented to Tennessee "Woman's 
Historical Association, and by the generous contributions 
of many citizens and friends a memorial gate has been 



3^50 -^J^^^ ABOUT NA!Sin ILLE 



built and dedicated with appropriate ceremonies Novem- 
ber 1, 190S. 

Mrs. Eugene Crutclier was President of tlie associa 
tion wiien tlie memorial gate was built. Mrs. Thomas M. 
Steger was chairman ot the memorial gate committee. 

Tennessee Branch National Society United 
States Daughters of 1812. 

The Tennessee branch of the National Society United 
Daughters of 1812 was organized by Mrs. Thomas Buford 
in Nashville, iMay 7, 1909. The object of the society is 
ilie preservation of the history of the War of 1812, locat- 
ing the graves of the soldiers of that war buried in Ten- 
nessee, and marking of historic spots. Mrs. Thomas Bu- 
ford iiS President. 

Watauga Cumberland Settlers' Association. 

The Watauga Cumberland Settlers' Association was 
organized by Miss Susie Gentry, of Franklin, September 
18, 19U7. The object of the organization is the study of 
Tennessee history, the marking of historic spots, and the 
preservation of the history of the "State Builders" in the 
State Archives. This is purely a State organization, and 
none but native Tennesseaus are eligible, whose ancestors 
were members of the Watauga or Cumberland Settlements 
from 1769 to 1796, not after the territory became a State. 

Miss Susie Gentry is founder and President. 

Daughters of American Revolution. 

Nashville has three D. A. R. Chapters. Cumberland 
Chapter D. A. R. was organized February 1, 1893. Besides 
sending yearly contributions to Continental Hall, Wash- 
ington, D. C, it contributed largely to the State monu- 
ment to Revolutionary heroes, erected at Nashville in (Feb- 
ruary, 1910. It has co-operated with other chapters in 
the support of a school at Blag Pond, Tenn. Miss Carrie 
Siiiims is Regent. 




^1;^ 



152 l/^/^' MiOl 1' \.\Sll\ ILLI<] 



Campbell Chapter D. A. R. was organized December 
20, 1894, by Mrs. James R. Pilcher. The chapter is named 
in honor of Gen. William Campbell, of Virginia, who was 
in command of the American forces at King's Mountain. 
Mrs. G. P. Edwards is Regent. 

Col. Thomas MoCory Chapter was organized February 
16, 1910, at the home of Mrs. William G. Spencer, and 
was named in honor of Mrs. Spencer's grandfather. Col. 
McCory. Mrs. Alex Caldwell is Regent. 

United Daughters of the Confederacy. 

According to Mrs. William Hume, State Historian, the 
United Daughters of the Confederacy in Tennessee began 
their work in 1861-65. Mrs. Hume says: 

"Relief societies were formed all over the State for 
the purpose of caring for the sick and disabled Southern 
soldiers. 

"In Nashville a large number of our mothers and 
grandmothers had connected themselves in this devoted 
service and formed a society with Mrs. Felicia Grundy 
Porter as President. This society had the official recog- 
nition and authority of the Secretary of War. Wherever 
the sick or wounded were found loving hands ministered 
to their necessities. 

"At the last dinner given by the Auxiliary in 1892 
Mrs. 'M. C. Goodlett, of Nashville, suggested the idea of 
consolidating- or uniting all the organizations of South- 
ern women in one body. Mrs. Goodlett wrote a letter 
to every organization of which she could hear, also tJ 
many prominent women all over the South, inviting them 
to meet on September 10, 1894, in Nashville for the 
purpose of organization. At the first meeting Georgia, 
Tennessee and Texas were represented. They were called 
'National Daughters of the Confederacy.' A constitution 
was formed and ;Mrs. Goodlett was elected President and 
Mrs. John P. Hickman Secretary. 

"Mrs. M. C. Goodlett was the first to conceive the 
idea of consolidating the work of all Southern and Con- 



ORGANIZATIONS I53 



federate women in what is now the United Daughteia 
of the iConfederacy.' 

There are five U. D. C. Chapters in Nasliville, as 
follows: No. 1, iMrs. lE. W. iFoster, President; Kate Lit- 
ton Hickman, Mrs. John P. Hickman, President; William 
B. Bate. Mrs. M. M. C4imi. I'rosident : First Tennessee 
Regiment, Mrs. Reau E'. Folk President; Harriet Overton, 
Mrs. Isabella Clark, (Honorary President. 

Department of Libraries of the Southern Educa- 
tional Association. 

This association was organized in 1906 at the sug- 
gestion of flVTiss Mary Hannah Johnson. The officers are: 
President, Dr. Louis E. Wilson, Chapel Hill, N. C; Vice- 
President, Mr. William F. Yust, Louisville, Ky.; Secre- 
tary, MisB Mary R. Skeffington, (Nashville. 

Tennessee Library Association. 

Headquarters of the Tennessee Library Association 
are located in Nashville. It was organized in 1902 for 
the promotion of library interest in the south. Mr. G. H. 
Basketto is President. 

The Old Oak Club. 

At the call of the late Mr. Herman Justi about ten 
gentlemen met in the Watkins Institue in November, 1887, 
to organize the Old Oak Club for the purpose of discussing 
topics oif general interest. The membership is limited to 
twenty-five. Dr. W. H. Witt is President. 

Southern Association of College Women. 

The Nashville Chapter of the Southern Association of 
College Women was organized in January, 1907, to co- 
operate with the general association in its efforts to pro- 
mote the higher education of women in the South. Miss 
Caroline Carpenter was first President. Miss Anne Scales 
is President. 



154 ^^^ ABOUT XASHVILLE 



Mothers' Congress. 

The Tennessee branch of the National Congress oi: 
Mothers was organized in Nashville at the Hermitage 
Hotel, January 24, 1911. Mrs. Frederick Schoff, of Phila- 
delphia, President of the National Congress, conducted 
the organization session, at which Mrs. G. H. Robertson 
was elected President of the Tennessee branch. 

The officers for Middle Tennessee are: President, 
Mrs. Eugene Crutcher; Vice-President, Mrs. Boyd Drake; 
Secretary, Mrs. iR. D. Murray. 

South Carolina Society. 

The officers of the South Carolina Society are: Mrs. 
L. F. Beatty, President, and Mrs. H. J. Mikell, Secretary, 
and the following ladies are charter members: Mesdames 
Li. F. Beatty, W. F. Boiling, Avery Carter, J. P. Crawford, 
L. C. Glenn, R. E. Hart, Elma Martin, H. J. Mike]^ 
Herman Walker, W. M. Warterfield, W. H. Webb, J. N. 
Stone and Misses Gordon and McDuffy. 

Association for Preservation of Virginia An- 
tiquities. 

The Association for the Preservation of Virginia An- 
tiquities, Nashville branch, was organized in 1893. Mrs. 
William Hume is Directress. 

Grand Army of the Republic. 

The Grand Army of the Republic was first oi'ganized 
in Tennessee in 1866, a provisional department being 
formed in December of that year. August 18, 1868, a per- 
manent department was organized, with F. W. Sparling 
as Commander. It is said that Mr. Sparling designed the 
Grand Army badge while he was serving as Inspector- 
General of the order. There were seventeen posts in 
the State December 31, 1868. George H. Thomas Post, 
Nashville, was the largest, standing the leading with 600 
members. 



Oh'GANIZATIONS I55 



In 1883 the organizatiou was resuscitated under the 
leadership of Col. Edward S. Jones, who was appointed 
Provisional Commander of an undesignated territorial 
jurisdiction department. The Department of Tennessee 
and Georgia was chailered February 26, 1884, by Robert 
B. Beath, the then Commander-in-Chief. By general or- 
ders, dated December 11, 1888, from William Warner, 
National Commander-in-Chief, it was ordered that the De- 
partment of Tennessee and Georgia thereafter be known 
as the Department of Tennessee. Up to this date there 
had heen organized seventy posts in the department, 
but ten were taken from the list and transferred to the 
Departments of Georgia and Alabama, leaving in Ten- 
nessee a membership of 1,317. 

East Side Civic Club. 

One of the most progressive civic clubs of Nashville 
is the East Side Civic Club, which has done practical and 
very effective work under the leadership of Mrs. Y. W. 
Haley, the President. Other officers are: Mrs. B. H. 
Spain, First Vice-President; Mrs. W. H. Sory, Second 
ViceJP'resident: iMrs. W. L. Jones, Recording Secretary; 
Miss Mary Hall, Treasurer. 

South Nashville Federation. 

The South Nashville iFederation of Women has a 
membership of about 400. The object is civic impi'ove- 
ment, and many worthy undertakings have been success- 
fully carried out. The most important has been in con- 
nection with the restoration of the old City Cemetery. 
The elimination of a very unsightly and objectionable por- 
tion of the city known as "Black Bottom" is also one of 
its objects. Mrs. E. F. Turner is President. 

Nashville Equal Suffrage League. 

The Nashville Equal Suffrage League was organized 
in September, 1911, with the following officers: Mrs. 



156 ^^LL ABOUT NASHVILLE 



Guilford Dudley, President; Miss Maria Thompson Da- 
viess, Vice-President; Mrs. Wlilloughby Williams, Treas- 
urer; iMrs. T. G. Settle, Recording Secretary; Mrs. Ida 
Clyde Clarke, Corresponding Secretary. The League 
holds open meetings on the first Friday evening in each 
month and business meetings on Saturday afternoons, at 
Carnegie Library. 

The Westwood Eiqual Suffrage League Auxiliary to 
the Nashville Equal Suffrage League was organized in 
February, 1912. Mrs. G. W. Petway is Superintendent. 

Nashville Art Association. 

Pre-eminent among the larger clubs is the "Nast- 
ville Art Association.'' It was founded in 1883 by the late 
Dr. J. P. Dake. It has for its purpose the fostering and 
uplifting of the art interests of the city and also the cre- 
ating and encouraging of advanced schools of art. 

Through its "Outdoor Department" the "City Beauti- 
ful" movement was launched and fostered. Mrs. Alex 
Caldwell is Chairman for this department. 

One of the association's greatest public benefactions 
has been the inauguration of a series of free organ re- 
citals given every two weeks on Sunday afternoon at 
Christ Church. The best artists of the city have con- 
tributed to these programmes. 

The association is working toward the establishment 
and maintenance of a public art gallery and museum, 
and a start has already been made toward a collection 
of paintings. Mrs. J. C. Bradford is President. 

Story-Tellers' League. 

The Nashville Story-Tellers' League is a wide-awake 
organization that is growing in usefulness to the public 
and interest to its members. Much fine foundation worit 
was done by Dr. W. J. Morrison, first President of the 
organization, and under the presidency of (Mrs. Chas. W. 
Haden the league has continued on a progressive career. 



ORGANIZATIONS 157 



The meetings are held on Saturday afternoon of each 
week in the Assembly room of Carnegie Library, and 
all interested in the art of story-telling are invited. 

At the same time Children's Story Hour is conducted 
in the Juvenile Department of Carnegie Library. At both 
meetings the hest story-tellers of the city participate in 
the programmes. 

School Improvement Association. 

With Miss "Virginia Pearl Moore at its head, the Ten- 
nessee School Improvement Association, with headquar- 
ters at the State Capitol, has accomplished much. So 
notable has been the work of Miss Moore that she at- 
tracted the attention and her work enlisted the interest 
of the educational and agricultural authorities of the United 
States Government, and she has been placed at the head 
of the Girls' Demonstration work in Tennessee, working 
as special agent for the United States Department of Agri- 
culture. This work for girls corresponds to the Corn 
Club work for boys, and Miss Moore has the State well 
organized 'for effective work. 

Tennessee has about 40,000 members of the School 
Improvement Association. Ninety per cent, of the coun- 
ties of Tennessee are organized and in six months $35,000 
was raised, without any taxation whatever, by the local 
School Improvement Association for the improvement o! 
rural schools. 

Woman's Christian Temperance Union. 

The Woman's Christian Temperance Union was organ- 
ized in Tennessee in 1882. The membership in the State 
is over 5,000, and the State President is Mrs. Silena Moore 
Holman, of Fayetteville. 

IMiss Lillie ODaniel is President of the Davidson 
County W. C. T. U., which includes all of the unions 
of Nashville. 



ORGANIZATIONS 159 



Anti-Saloon League. 

Nashville is headquarters for the Tennessee Anti- 
Saloon League. Dr. H. B. Carre, of Vanderbilt University, 
is President, and Mr. W. R. Hamilton is Secretary. Offices 
are located in the Stahlman Building, and the telephone 
number is Main 778. 

Confederate Veterans 

iPrank Cheatham Bivouac, No. 1, was organized in Octo- 
ber, 1886, iMaj. R. H. Dudley being first President. After 
the organization of the United Confederate Veterans at 
New Orleans in 1889 it became Camp No. 35, U. C. V. 

Nashville Anti-Tuberculosis League 

The Nashville Anti-Tubei'cuiosis League was organ- 
ized in 1909, and in 1911 Mr. J. D. Strain, a trained worker, 
was placed in charge as Secretary. The office is at Sev- 
enth Avenue, North, corner Union Street. The telephone 
number is Main 119. 

Nashville Boys' Club 

The Nashville Boys' Club is located on Sixth Avenue, 
North, near Church Street. The Newsboys" Association 
is an affiliated organization. Meetings are held on Sunday 
afternoon, and the attractive club house is kept open for 
the use of the boys. 

Social Clubs. 

Social life in Nashville, outside of the homes, centers 
largely in the Hermitage Club, the Golf and Country Club, 
the Centennial Club, the Housekeepers' Club and other 
clubs of the city. The Hermitage has a history that is 
full of interest, and the handsome club house on Sixth 
Avenue, North, has been the scene of many brilliant 
events. It was here that Grant had headquarters during 
the Civil War. 



160 -^^J^J' ABOUT NASHVILLE 



Fraternal Organizations. 



N 



ASHVILiLE occupies a commanding position with 
tlie various orders. The Masons are especially 
strong. They own extensive property, Including 
^ ~ ^ an Orphanage. One of the leading Scottish Rite 
.Masons in the w(>rl<l. Hon. James I >. Iticliardson. is 
a nearby resident. Thi' late Hon. Jolin L. Nolen. ot 
Nashville, was Grand Sire of the Independent Order of 
Odd Fellows at the time of his death. Dr. R. L. C. White 
was the Supreme Keeper of Records and Seal of the 
Knights of Pythias when he died. LA.Ifred Aldred, of Nash- 
ville, at the Atlantic City convention in 1911 of the Legion 
of the Red Cross was elected Supreme Commander of the 
order. James H. Baird, for years Supreme Commander 
of the Concatenated Order of iHoo-Hoo, is a resident of 
Nashville. One of the strongest lodges of Elks in the 
country is here. 



Masons. 

On June 24, 1812, Cumberland Lodge, No. 60, was 
instituted by dispensation from the Most Worshipful Rob- 
ert Williams, Grand Master of North Carolina, by Robert 
Searcy, the oldest Past iMaster present. 

The first petition for initiation was presented by 
George Morgan, October 20, 1812. He was elected Feb- 
ruary 23, 1813, and was initiated, together with Samuel 
V. D. iStout and Joseph Ward, March 25, 1813. The first 
person raised to the degree of Master Mason in this lodge 
was Wilkins Tonnebill, who was initiated April 24, 1813, 
and passed and raised on the 28th of the same month. 

On December 27, 1813, the Grand Lodge of Tennessee 
having heen established, of which the Most Worshipful 
Thomas Claiborne was the first Grand Master, Cumber- 
land Lodge, No. 60, surrendered the charter received 
from the Grand Lodge of North Carolina and took out a 
dispensation under the Grand Lodge of Tennessee, bear- 



ORGANIZATIOXS 161 



ing date of February 8, 1814, and at the following annual 
communication of the Grand Lodge of Tennessee a char- 
ter was granted by the name of Cumberland Lodge, No. S, 
located at Nashville, and it has continued in existence 
from that tim.e to the present. 

Sam Houson was initiated in this lod«e April 19, 1817. 
.John Catron, afterwards Associate Justice of the United 
States Supreme Court, also united with the lodge. 

Order of Eastern Star. 

The Buena Vista Chapter, No. 75, meets on the third 
Friday night in each month at the hall, corner Ninth 
Avenue and Cheatham. 

East Nashville Chapter, No. 1, meets at Cherokee 
Hall, Foster Street, corner Third, on second and fourth 
Fridays in each month. 

Rock City Chapter, No. 2, meets at Masonic Temple 
on the first and third Fridays. 

Royal Arch Masons. 

Cumherland Chapter, No. 1, R. A. M., meets at Ma- 
sonic Temple on the second Thursday in each month. 

Other chapters are: Edward G. Corbitt Chapter, No. 
147; Nashville Council. No. 1. 

Scottish Rite Masons. 

The Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite bodies sit- 
ting in the Valley of Nashville, Orient cf Tennessee, are: 
Moqedah Lodge of Perfection, No. 7; Immanuel Chapter 
of Rose Croix, No. 8; St. Michael Council of Kadosh, No 
2 , and Trinity Consistory, No. 2. 

Odd Fellows. 

The first lodge of the Independent Order of Odd Fel- 
lows organized in Tennessee was Tennessee Lodge, No. L 
which was instituted June 1, 1839, in Nashville, on Market 
11 




HEADQUARTERS I. O. O. F. OF TENNESSEE. 



ORGANIZATIONS 163 



Street, in a building opposite Union Street. Linsfield 
Sharpe, a special deputy from Baltimore, was the insti- 
tuting officer and ten names were enrolled as those of 
charter members. 

The next lodge organized in Nashville was Lodge 
No. 2, which became large and influential. After a bril- 
liant career it ceased to exist during the Civil War, most 
of its members having joined the Confederate Army. The 
order soon began to spread out from Nashville, and for 
many years was most prosperous. More than half the 
lodges became defunct during the Civil War, but since 
that time the order has taken on new life in Tennessee. 

The Grand Lodge of Tennessee was instituted August 
10, 1841; the Grand Encampment July 21, 1847, and the 
Rebekah Assembly October 16, 1894. 

The I. O. O. F. Library and reception rooms are lo- 
cated at 119 Seventh Avenue, North. 

Knights of Pythias. 

The third lodge on the roster of Tennessee Pythianism 
was Myrtle Lodge, No. 3, Nasnville, which has been in 
continuous existence since November 30, 1871, the date 
of its institution. Many of its charter members are still 
alive and loyal to the order. 

The Grand Lodge of Tennessee was instituted at 
Nashville April 2, 1872. Only six lodges were then in 
existence. 

When San Francisco was destroyed by the earthquake, 
funds for the Pythian sufferers went forward from every- 
where, but the Domain of Tennessee contributed more ac- 
cording to membership than any other State in the Su- 
preme Realm. 

The business office of the Grand Lodge is that of 
Grand Keeper of Records and Seal, and this has been 
held in Tennessee by six men, namely: W. B. Thompson, 
nine years; R. L. -C. White, twelve years; Alexander Alli- 
son, seven years; E. B. Wilson, one year; W. K. Aiber- 
nathy, one year; W. D. Fox, the present incumbent, seven 
years. 



164 ^^Lf' ABOUT NA,SJn ILLE 



Tennessee Pythianism has turned from the stereo- 
typed practices of older fraternities and is building on 
the Cumberland plateau near Tullahoma a home that 
holds within its scope every phase of moral life. There 
will it store its archives, imbed its traditions and upbuild 
its strength. The annual conventions of the Grand Lodge 
are held at this home, Ovoca. Without a dissenting voice 
the Grand Lodge put itself behind this great movement, 
and the future of the order in ihis domain cannot be 
foretold if present indications mean anything, so great 
will that future be. Not only to care for the widow and 
the orphan, sustain the indigent and needy, but to go 
outside the pale of Pythianism and help all humanity, is 
the object of "Ovoca." 

The Uniform Rank, Knights of Pythias, c(mstitutes 
an important auxiliary of the order. 

Authorized and recognized by the supreme authority 
of the Knights of Pythias, the Pythian iSisterhood con- 
stitutes an auxiliary of marked excellence and influence. 

While the Knight.s of Khorassan have no special 
official relations with the bodies of Pythianism, nobody 
can be admitted to v, temple \vho is nut a Pythian in >iood 
and regular standing. 

Red Men. 

The Improved Order of Red Men enjo.vs the distinc- 
tion of being the oldest fraternal organization of purely 
American origin. Its existence is contemporaneous with 
that of the United States, and its history can be definitely 
traced back to 1760. 

The Great Council ot Tennessee was instituted on the 
second sun Hot Moon, G. S. D., 378 (June 2, 1869), al- 
though prior existence is claimed under the direct supervi- 
sion of the Great Council of the United States. Li. M. Temple, 
acting under authority of the Great Icohonee, called the 
meeting to order, and was in turn elected the first Great 
Sachem; P. R. Albert heing elected Great Chief of Rec- 
ords. From that date the order was steadily advanced. 



()h'(lAMZATI<>\S 165 



At present sixty-one active tribes are located in tlie 
Reservation, with a membership the personnel of which 
is equal to any organization in existence. 

A number of Tennessee Red Men have received high 
honors at the hands of the Great Council of the United 
States. In G. S. D., 393 (18S4) W. H. Hyronemus was 
elected to the exalted stump of Great Incohonee, a posi- 
tion he filled with signal a;bility. 

A. G. Rutherford, another Tennessee Red Man, has, 
Ijy sheer force of character, advanced in the councils of 
the order until at present he is Chairman of the Judiciary 
Committee of the Great Council of the United States, a 
position that requires rare judgment and keen intellect. 

Glenn Henderson, Nashville, is Great Keeper oi: 
Records. 

Order of Elks. 

No Elk Lodge in the United States has a handsomer 
club house than has the Nashville Lodge of this popular 
order. 

Since 1907 the membership of the order has more than 
doubled, now totaling over 1,200. The elegant lodge house 
on Sixth Avenue, North, is valued at about $135,000, and 
is spacious, elegant and beautiful. 

On the lower floor are offices, reception rooms, cafes, 
etc., while on the second is located the splendidly equipped 
library, and on the third the spacious ballroom. 

The library occupies the entire front of the second 
floor and is one of the most elegant and complete features 
of the Elks' club house. The large and constantly increas- 
ing ooilection of books to be found therein are circulated 
among the members of the order and their families. 

The equipment of every department of the building is 
modern and of the most elegant character. 

The Nashville Elks are noted for their charities. Each 
C'hristmas they entertain about 3,000 children with a mam- 
moth Christmas tree, from which gifts are presented to 
each child. 



166 ^^LL ABOUT NASHVILLE 



Royal Arcanum. 

The Royal Arcanum is one of the strongest fraternal 
insurance organizations in the State of Tennessee. The 
first council in this grand division was instituted in 
Nashville May 22, 1878. As the number of the council 
was 92, it will be seen thai Tennessee was among the 
first of the States to extend a welcome to the then 
comparatively new institution. The Nashville CnunciL 
No. 92, was instituted under the personal supervision of 
Past Supreme Regent D. Wilson. 

Tennessee now has forfy councils of the Royal 
.\rcanum, nine of which are located in Nashville. Each 
of the other large cities of Tennessee has several councils 
and representative branches of the Arcanum are located 
in all the places of considerable size in the State. 

Three councils are located in Nashville — ^Nashville, 
No. 92; Old Hickory, No. 299; Magnolia, No. 295; Edgefield, 
No. 314; Hermitage, No. 966; Loring, No. 1429; Dixie, No. 
1447; East Side, No. 1475; Richland, No. 1767. 

The Patricians. 

The Tennessee 'Phalanx home office is located in Nash- 
ville, and the meetings are held biennially. The other 
organizations of the order are as follows: Primrose Pri- 
mary, No. 1; Palmer Primary, No. 3; Prismatic Primary, 
No. 5; Palmetto Primaiy, No. 7: Plenary Primary, No. 77. 

National Union. 

The National Union is represented in Nashville as 
follows: A. R. IMarks Conncil, 'No. 541, Nichol Building, 
407 1-2 Union Street; Bob Hatton Council, No. 625, Nickel 
Hall, corner Fourth Avenue and Troost; Tennessee Coun- 
cil, No. 642, Weakley Hall, Woodland and 'Fifth; Hermit- 
age Council, No. 709, Jefferson, corner Seventh; John Se- 
vier Council, No. 276, Foster and iSecond Streets; Maine 
Council, No. 820; Smiley Lodge, No. 90, Odd Fellows' Tem- 
ple; Aurora Lodge, No. 105, Aurora Hall; St. George Lodge, 



R GA NIZA TI O NS 



PHOTOGRAPHIC 
D[PT. 

Commercial, 

View, 

riashlight 

films Developed 

10c Per Roll 

Pictures 

Ready Next Day 



WILES 



167 
POST CARDS, 
SOUVENIRS, 
NOVELTIES, 
KODAKS, 
SUPPLIES, 
RUBBER STAMPS 



We Can Furnish You Duplicates of Views in this Book. 




FROM "HISTORICAL AND BEAUTIFUL COUNTRY 
HOMES OF DAVIDSON COUNTY. ' 



Photo by Wiles. 



168 ALL ABOUT TslAHIIVILLE 



316 1-2 Cedar; Centennial, No. 31, Ratterman's Hall; Old 
Fellows' Temple; Jos. B. Pettit Lodge, No. 279, Pettit's 
Hall; Wood'bine (Rebekah Lodge, No. 4, Odd Fellows' 
Temple, and Nashville Encampment, No. 1, Odd Fellows' 
Temple. Chief Patriarch is J. W. Tliompson. 

Order of Golden Cross. 

The United Order of the Golden Cross was incor- 
porated in Tennessee July 4, 1876. The four cardinal prin- 
ciples upon which the organization was based are: Wom- 
en's fraternal rights, temperance, 'Christianity and home 
protection. The original members of the order were mem- 
bers of the Good Templars. 

The first commandery was organzed in Nashville Ma.v 
9, 1886, with eleven members. A few days later ten names 
wfTe added and by the end of the following month the 
organization had forty-three members. 

Since its organization the order has paid in beneli- 
ciai'iesi about $10,539,468.76, of which more than half a 
million dollars has been turned over to widows and or- 
phans in Tennessee. 

Independent Order of B'Nai B'Rith. 

The Nashville Lodge of the Independent Order of 
B'Nai B'Rith has 175 members. This is the largest and 
oldest Jewish fraternal organization. It has a membership 
of about 33,000, divided into more than 330 lodges and ten 
grand lodges, distributed all over the United States, Ger- 
many, Roumania, Austria-Hungary, Egypt and (Palestine. 
The order was established in 1842. 

Knights of Columbus. 

The Knights of Columbus constitute one of the strong- 
est orders in the city. The handsome club room of the 
order is at 219 1-2 Fourth Avenue, North. Regular meei- 
ings are held every Thursday night. Many handsome 
social affairs are given by the K. of C. 



ORGAM/A'/'/OXS 169 



Knights of the Maccabees. 

Centennial Tent, No. 15, Knights of the Maccabees, 
meets second and fourth Thursday nights in eacli month 
in American Musician's Hall, 210 1-2 Union Street. 

Knights and Ladies of Honor- 
There are three lodges of the Knights and Ladies of 
Honor in Nashville, as follows: Harmonia Lodge, No. 
1501; Sylvian City, No. 5, and Myrtle Lodge, No. 82. 

Independent Order of Foresters. 

Nashville Court, No. 4601, meets in the Hitchcoclc 
Building monthly. L. A. Gupton is Chief Ranger and A. R. 
Allen is Secretary. 

Modern Woodmen of America. 

There are three camps of Modern Woodmen of Amer- 
ica in Nashville, as follows: Tennessee Camp, No. 11952," 
407 1-2 Union Street; Wesley Bryant Camp, No. 12232, 4900 
Charlotte Avenue, and Rock City Camp, No. 12383, 219 1-2 
Fourth Avenue, North. W. S. Johnson is State Consul. 

Woodmen of the World. 

Nashville has the following camps of Woodmen of t'ae 
World: Cherry, No. 9, Richland Hall; Cedar, No. 25, 
;n(; 1-2 Cedar ; ( Vntenninl. No. ."n. Rntternian's Hall : Olil 
Hickory, No. 295, 425 Eleventh Avenue, South; Rosewood, 
No. 33, Carroll and Second Avenue; Pine Tree, No. 34; 
Sycamore, No. 125, Cheatham and Ninth Avenue. 

Order of Eagles. 

Nashville Aerie, No. 86, of the Fraternal Order of 
Eagles, was organized Sept. 12, 1900, with 76 charter mem- 
bers. Today there are nearly 400 members on its books. 
Outside of Nashville the Eagles have six large Aeries in 
the State. 



170 ^J^L ABOUT NASHVILLE 



Junior Order United American Mechanics. 

Organizer for Tennessee of the Junior Order United 
American IMechanios is E. B. Martin, 517 Second Avenue, 
Soutli, Nasliville. Tlie councils are: Wasliington, No. 5: 
Eureka, No. 206; Good Will, No. 6; Guiding Star, No. 7; 
Richland, No. 16; Jewel, No. 48; Eastland, No. 188: Grand- 
view, No. 213; Belmont, No. 232. 

Sailors. 

There are nine lodges of Sailors in Nashville. Head- 
quarters of the Fleet are located at 208 First National 
Bank Building. J. P. Cherry is Admiral. The lodges are 
organized as Ship Ideal, No. 1; Ship Merrimac, No. 3; 
Ship Nashville, No. 2; Ship Anchor, No. 9; Ship Rosewood, 
No. 10; Ship Mayflower, No. 31; Ship Sunlight, No. 40; Ship 
Volunteer, No. 49; Ship Zion. 

Catholic Knights of America. 

There are three branches of this order in Nashville, 
as follows: Branch No. 1, 329 Deaderick Street; St. Ce- 
cilia Branch, No. 3 (first and third Sundays in St. Mary's 
Cathedral at 2:30 p.m.); St. Columba's Branch, No. 68 (St. 
Columba's School, second and fourth Sundays at 2:30 p.m.). 

Tennessee Fraternal Congress. 

The Fraternal Association of Nashville is composed of 
representatives of about ten of the leading orders in tho 
city. The officers are: Frank J. Bath, Elks, President: 
W. M. Sidebottom, Golden Cross, Vice-President; W. H. 
Gray, Royal Arcanum, Secretary; A. II. ITampson, Sail- 
ors; Clarence R. Jackson, Red Men; Maj. W. H. Sloane, 
Knights of Pythias: W. S. Johnston, Modern "Woodmen of 
America; J. S. Neely, National Union; j. W. Patrick, Junior 
Order United American (Mechanics. 

The office of the Secretary is No. 4 Noel Block. The 
meetings are held annually on the fourth Wednesday in 
January in Nashville. 



PARKS 171 



PARKS. 



N^^ASiHV'I'LiliE has many parks of unusual beauty. 
The Park Commission was organized in 1901, 
and is composed of F. P. McWhirter, R. M. Dud- 
mJ ley, Maj. E. C. Lewis, Ben Lindauer and John 
8. 'Lewis, secretary. Frank A. Butler is Superintendent. 

The offices of the couuuission ai-e located in Centennial 
Park. Tlie tch'tthone nvnuber iS' Hemlock 147. 

Parks owned by the city are Centennial (West), Shelby 
(OEast), Watkins (North), Richland (West), Morgan 
(North), Cherokee (West), and Elizabeth. 

A number of playgrounds have been established by 
the Park Commission in various sections of the city. 
The principal ones are located in the parks named above; 
on Meridian Street, at Tenth and Fatherland Street, and 
in South Nashville. 

Centennial is an ornamental park, and is considered 
one of the most beautiful of its kind in America. Shelby 
Park is noted for its natural beauty. 

The iP'ark Commission derives revenue from several 
sources. It receives 3 per cent of the gross income of the 
Nashville Railway & Light Company; it receives appro- 
priations amounting to one-half mill for the assessed tax 
values. It also receives some special appropriation from 
the City Council. 

The Park Commission serves without comipensation 
and is constantly adding to and improving the city's 
park system. 

Centennial Park 

Centennial Park is located in the western part of the 
city and comprises 110 acres. It is reached by the Broad- 
way-West Elid car. It is an ornamental park of great 



172 



ALL ABOUT NA8H]1LLL 



beauty, with miles of graveled walks and driveways, 
fountains, trees, shrubs and flowers. 

A beautiful lake is one of its greatest attractions, 
and boating is a favorite pastime in the warm season. 
The Parthenon, mentioned under the head of "Public 
Buildings," is its chief ornament. 

In this park are located several imposing monu- 
ments. One honors the memory of Maj. John W. Thomas 
a distinguished and greatly beloved citizen; another is 
to the memory of the Confederate soldier, and a tall 
shaft tells of the esteem in which .James Robertson 
founder of Nashville, is held. 

At the entrance of the park is located Cockrill Spring, 
over which a handsome spring house has been built. This 
spring marks the beginning of the Natchez Trace and 
the spot is to be marked with a huge boulder of native 
stone by the Daughters of the American Revolution. The 
park greenhouses are quite extensive and "History Build- 
ing" during the Centennial is now used for a museum 
of Tennessee relics. 




SCENE .\T NIGHT, IN CENTENNIAL PARK. 



PARKS 173 



Glendale Park 



Glendale is one of the most popular parks adjacent 
to the city of Nashville and is reached by the Eightli 
Avenue and Glendale car. The park is beautifully situ- 
ated seven miles southwest of the city. 

It lies at the foot of a group of picturesque hills 
known as "Overton Knobs." Amusements of various 
kinds, including a popular-priced theater, a zoo and other 
features, make the place attractive to the visitor. The 
park is owned and operated by the Nashville Railway 
& Light Company. 

Shelby Park 

Shelby Park is situated at the eastern outskirts of 
the city and is reached by the Shelby Avenue car. 
It comprises about 210 acres and is beautifully wooded. 
It has a river frontage that gives it unusual advantages 
and the Park Commission is making the park one of the 
most attractive of the city, at the same time preserving- 
its natural beauty, for which it is noted. 

Richland Park 

Richland Park is located in West Nashville and is 
reached by the West Nashville or Charlotte Pike cars. It 
is ibeautiful in blue grass and shaded by ancient oaks. 
It is a park of natural ^beauty and is kept clean and 
attractive for the visitor. 

There are various small parks in other sections of 
the city. 



174 ^LL ABOUT NASHVILLE 



THEATERS. 



A 



COQRiDING to an old issue of the Nashville Amer- 
ican, the forerunner of the menagerie appeared 
on JMay 25, 1819, in the shape of an "America'i 
lioness and three whelps," on exhibition in tho 
yard of the Nushville Inn. The wbelp.s were less thiui 
two weeks old. They wen- ainionnred as the '"Firist 
exhibition of the kind on this Continent and the second 
one in the known world! Admission 50 cents! Children 
half price!" On September 20 of the same year came 
"The greatest curiosity now on exhibition in America, .•! 
female elephant, 18 feet long, trunk and tail included, 12 
feet around the body, 7 feet high aud weighing over 4,000 
pounds." The admission was 50 cents, half price for 
children. 

Theatricals came in the fall of 1817. A company 
spent some weeks in town during the early fall of that 
year, but left no record of its performauce.s. In October 
of that year a gentleman appeared in "grand tumbling, 
Hip-tiops, somersaults, leaping, vaulting," etc., "at Elliston'vs 
long room, on Market Sti'eet." This was about the begin- 
ning of theatrical entertainment.s in Nashville. 

May 19, 1820, the young men of the town formed them- 
selves into the "Nashville Thespian Society" and presented 
the N-ashville public with the comedy of the "Poor Gentle- 
man," the farce being "A Miss in Her Teens, or a (Medley 
of Lovers.' Tliis entertainment was given in the "New 
Theater." The location is not given, but it is reasonably 
certain that it was a brick house on or near the corner 
of Market Street and Gay alley, west side, which had 
been previously used as a warehouse. 

Nor was it long until all Nashville enjoyed a balloon 
ascension. The chronicler of the event states that "it 
required less than fifteen minutes to inflate it. It rose in 



THEATERS I75 



a calm atmosphere perpendicularly until it appeared no 
bigger than a cask, and floated away." 

Today Nashville has a number of handsome play- 
houses. 

The Vendome, situated on Church Street between 
Sixth and Seventh Avenues, is the leading theater. 

The Bijou is next in importance and is a popular- 
priced house. It is located on Fourth Avenue, North. 

The Gr&nd, on Church Street near Fifth Avenue, pre- 
sents vaudeville at popular prices. 

The Orpheum, on Seventh Avenue, north, is also •\ 
popular priced vaudeville. 

There are a number of moving picture theaters lo- 
cated on Fifth Avenue and on Church Street. 

The newest theater is the "Princess," located on 
Church Street, near Fifth Avenue. 

4. 4. ^ 

The State Fair 

The Tennessee State Fair is annually held at Nash- 
ville, aiKl has been enlled tlio "anuu;il expression of 
Tennessee's greatness." For several years the Fair was 
held under the management of a State Fair Association 
composed of a number of leading citizens. Davidson 
County purchased the property for $150,000 and presented 
it to the State, and since 1910 it has been a State Fair. 

^ 4* 4* 

Bloomington Springs 

Within easy reach of Nashville are many delightful 
summer resorts. None is more popular than Bloomington 
Springs, 1,100 feet above sea level, on the plateau of the 
Cumberland Mountains. It is 83 miles east of Nashville. 
Mr. B. W. Bmrford is proprietor. At Bloomington Springs 
is situated the attractive club house of the Tennessee 
Woman's Press and Authors' Club. 



176 -i^^J'^ ABOUT NANIIVILLE 



HOSPITALS. 



w 



ITH the completion of Galloway Memorial Hospital 
Nashville will have hospital facilities fully ade- 
quate to meet all needs. 

This institution will be erected and main- 

lainc.i umlor llie .-lusidces of the Methodist EpiscdiKil 
Churcli. Siiulli. lint will he coiidufted along broacl, inter- 
(i(>iH>niin;itiiin:il liiic^. \\'hcii conipk-tcd it will havi' <'()st 

The need for such an institution was so apparent 
that public-spirited people of all denominations imme- 
diately pledged their cordial interest and substantial sup- 
i'.ort when tlic iimjcrt was laiinchc;! in I'-Mi'.). Credit for 
the inception of the idea lor a great Protestant hospital 
in Nashville is doubtless due to Bishop Walter R. Lam- 
buth, of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South. Having 
been for many years a medical missionary of his church 
in the Orient and having, in a lifetime of service, min- 
istered to both the spiritual and the physical man, Dr. 
Lambuth was quick to perceive the need for a modernly- 
equipped and spacious Protestant institution for the care 
of the sick. 

From the first the efforts have lieen crowned with 
success and the hospital, when completed, will be the 
finest in the South. 

It will be erected on a desirable lot in South Nash- 
ville on the old I'eabady camp-us. where, by a happy arrange- 
ment, tbe medical diepartment of A'anderbilt University will 
co-operate. 

Rev. A. E. Clement, with offices in the 'Methodist 
Publishing House, is Hospital Commissioner. 

St. Thomas' Sanitarium. 

For many years Si. Thomas' Sanitarium has been the 
leading institution of this kind in Nashville. Established 



HOSPITALS 



177 



by Bishop Thomas Sebastian Byrn and conducted by the 
Sisters of Charity, under tlii- ausiJircs ot tlie Uonian Cath- 
olic Church, it rapidly became one of the leading hospitals 
of the South. 

It is located on 'Hayes Street (West), northwest cor- 
ner of Twentieth Avenue. It is reached by the West 
Nashville car. Sister Scholastica is Mother Superior. 

City Hospital. 

The Nashville City Hospital also ranks with the lead- 
ing institutions of its kind in the country. It is located on 
Moore Street, near Filmore Street, in South Nashville, 
and is reached by the Wharf Avenue car. 

Shoffner Hospital. 

Shoffner Hospital is operated under the auspices oi 
the Eclectic School of Medicine on Lindsley Avenue, in 
South Nashville. It is reached by the Fairfield car. 




ST. THOMAS SANITARIUM. 



178 "IXL ABOUT NASiniLLE 



Adventists Sanitariums. 

At Madison Station, twelve miles on the Gallatin 
pike, the 'Seventh Day Adventists conduct a large sanita- 
rium. They also have a sanitarium on the Murfreesboro 
road. 

Woman's Hospital. 

The Woman's Hospital for the State of Tennessee 
is located at 301 Eighth Avenue, North. Dr. W. C. Mc- 
Gannon is in charge. Mrs. C. H. Eastman is President 
of the Board of Lady Managers. 

Other Nashville sanitariums include iMaplev^rood San- 
itarium, 15 Lindsey Avenue; Fort's Private Infirmary, 209 
Seventh Avenue, North; Eve's Surgical Infirmary, 14! 
Broadway; Eastwood Infirmary, 219 Spring Street; Doug- 
las Infirmary, (Peabody and Second Avenue (Dr. Richard 
A. Barr in charge); City View Sanitarium (Dr. J. W. 
Stevens in charge), and Brigg's Infirmary, 421 Third Ave- 
nue, 'South. 

4. ^ 4. 



Socialists in Nashville. 



The Socialist party in Nashville is represented by a 
dues-paying membership of 150. The Socialist local was 
organized in 1900 with the following charter members: 
Dr. C. H. Stockell, Dr. Howard Enloe, William E. Maley, 
O. H. Rudolph, George Rickenback, Dr. W. H. Jackson, 
W. H. Sneed and Mr. Bowen. 

The Nashville headquarters are located at Booster 
Hall 415 North First Street, and meetings are held every 
Thursday evening. Prominent speakers often address 
these meetings and a lyceum course is conducted through 
the season. 

The largest Socialist vote ever polled in this district 
was in 1910, when Dr. W. H. .lackson, candidate for Con- 
gress against Joseph W. Byrns, received 1,700 votes. 



PROFEHmOSAL 179 



PROFESSIONAL. 



Medicine and Surgery. 



mlWS^ profession of medicine and surgery in Tennessee 
numbers among its votaries some of the leading 
practitioners of the United iStates. Indeed, all 
through its liistory tlie State lias been noted for 
the high rank takt-ii l>y its i>liysii-ians aiul prartidners oif the 
country. 

One of the potent influences in connection with the 
maintenance of a high grade of scholarship and of per- 
sonal character on the part of the medical profession of 
the iState is the Tennessee State iMedical Association. 
This important and leading body of representatives of 
medicine and surgery was organized in Nashville in 1833. 
The purposrs of the society, as ciuuiciatcd by the fvHUulers, 
were the creation and maintenance of higher standards ox 
the medical profession in the State, the securing of per- 
sonal accLuaintanceship among the physicians and sur- 
geons, and the earnest purpose to keep abreast of the 
progress of the times in all that pertains to the advance- 
ment, development and success of the profession. Annual 
meetings of the society are held in different parts of the 
State, lasting five days. 

Eclectic School 

The history of eclectic medicine in Tennessee dates 
from about 1844, when several eclectic physicians located 
in the western part of the State. 

A bill was intr(jiluced in the (ieneral Assembly in the 
winter of 1S4(), and became a law February 2, 1847, incor- 
porating the new medical school, Eclectic, in Memphis. This 
school finally was merge<l in the Eclectic CoLlege of Cin- 
cinnati. 

In the year 1877 Dr. W. H. Halbert, then of Howell, 
Tenu. (of Nashville since 1894), began looking up the 



180 A.LL ABOUT N.hSin ILLE 



eclectics of the State, and through his efforts an organiza- 
tion, known as the State Eclectic Medical Society, was 
perfected in the parlors of the Commercial Hotel,' Nash- 
ville, during that year. About twenty-five members were 
in this organization and attended the meeting. The offi- 
cers elected were: President, Dr. Thomas Hioks, of Tren- 
ton, and Secretary and Treasurer, Dr. W. H. Halbert, 
then of Howell. This society was incorporated in 1887 by 
Drs. F. H. Fisk, E. Heath, G. M. Hite, I. W. Edwards and 
J. E. Yowell. Since 1877 it has been holding annual meet- 
ings, and these meetings, with but one exception, have 
been held in Nashville. 

The Tennessee Eclectic Medical Association was the 
first organization in tlu; cnuntry to adopt a resolution de- 
manding that the medical colleges require three eight- 
months' terms before graduation and require that Tnatric 
ulants have a teachers' high school certificate. 

The Shoffner Hospital, on Lindsley Avenue, Nashville, 
was founded and is conducted by the eclectic school of 
physicians and surgeons. The first organization of this 
institution was made and charter secured Sept. 17, 1900, 
with a capital stock of $25,000. The institution was 
named in lioiisn' nf .Juhn E. Shuffiici' of Sht'lbyville. 

Homeopathy 

The first practitioner of homeopathy in Tennessee, so 
far as we have any knowledge, was Dr. Philip Harsh, who 
moved from Cincinnati about the year 1844 and located in 
Nashville. He was a graduate of the University of Gies- 
sen, Germany, and came to the United States about 1825. 

The next practitioner in the State was George Kellogg, 
M. D., who came from New York and located in Nashville 
in 1853. During the year and a half which he spent in 
Tennessee he was successful in turning many intelligent 
and infiuential people to the new mode of practice. 

In 1855 -Henry Sheffield, iM. D., located in Nashville and 
practiced successfully and continuously until he died at 
his home Christmas morning, 1897. Dr. Sheffield drew 



PliOFElS^lO^AL 181 



around him a large circle of patients and friends and en- 
joyed a successful practice until the time of his death. He 
stood liigli in 'Masonry and in 1809 was Eminent Com- 
mander of iNashville Comandery, No. 1, and Grand Captain 
General of the Grand Commandery of Tennessee in 1870. 
He became a thirty-second degree iMason in 1860. 

In June, 1869, J. P. Dake, M. D., located at Nashville, 
where he practiced until his death in October, 1894. Dr. 
J. P. Dalte was honored by the highest positions in his 
scliool, being President of the American Institute of 
Homeopathy in 1857, professor of materia medica and 
therapeutics 1855 to 1857, and professor of the practice 
of medicine, 1876, in the Homeopathic Medical College of 
Pennsylvania at Philadelphia. 

In conjunction witli Dr. Richard Hughes, of England, 
Dr. Dake edited the "Pharmacopeia of tlie American In- 
stitute of Homeopathy,' which to the present day is the 
standard authority for the preparation of homeopathic 
medicines. 

Homeopathy has had several lady practitioners in the 
State, three having practiced in Nashville — Dr. Clara C 
Plimpton, Dr. Frances McMillan and Dr. Cora M. Holden. 

Osteopathy 

Osteopathy was introduced into Tennessee in 1897 
by Dr. J. R. Shackleford, who located in Nashville. A 
short time later he was joined by his brother. Dr. E. H. 
Shackleford. Dr. Bessie A. Duffield and Dr. J. Erie Col- 
lier were among the first of those who came later. 

A few months later, when there were eleven practi- 
tioners in the State, it became apparent that some leg- 
islative enactment defining the status of osteopaths was 
desirable. As osteopaths were not graduates of a "reg- 
ular" medical college they could not qualify under the 
medical practice act, and while it is not believed that 
a conviction could have been maintained against them, 
as they never prescribed drugs, the possibility always 
existed of their being brought into court to answer to 



PROFESSIONAL 183 



the charge of "practicing medicine without a license," 
as were so many of their fellow practitioners in other 
States. It was decided by the osteopaths to ask the 
Legislature to regulate the practice of osteopathy, not 
only for their own protection, but for the protection of 
the public. 

Accordingly the bill was introduced, and little dif'i- 
culty was encountered in securing its passage. April 
21, 1899, it was approved by the Governor, Benton Mc- 
Millin, and took effect at once. 

For about a dozen years this law fulfilled fairly well 
the purposes for which it was enacted, but early in 1905 
the osteopaths of the iState decided that a number of 
changes were needed. It was theiefore determined to 
secure the enactment of another law, and a bill was 
prepared and introduced in the Leigislature creating a 
State Board of Osteopathic Registration and Examina- 
tion, by which the defects of the old law in these and 
other particulars could 'be remedied. 

The bill was passed April 7, 1905. 

Nashville Academy of Medicine 

The physicians of Nashville are organized into "The 
Nashville Academy of Medicine," and meetings are held 
every Tuesday evening. 

The officers are: Dr. Robert Caldwell, President; Dr. 
Olin West, Vice-President; Dr. W. G. Dixon, Secretary 
and Treasurer. 

State Board of Pharmacy 

The original pharmacy act of the State of Ten- 
nessee was passed by the Legislature of 1893, and applied 
to cities and towns having a population of 3.200 and 
over. This provision of the law affected about fifteen 
towns in the State. This law was amended by the Legi^3- 
lature in 1897 and made to cover the entire State. 

Under this act the Tennessee Board of Pharmacy 



184 -1^''^ ABOUT NASHVILLE 



was established, with power to enforce the law. The 
first members of the board, appointed by Governor Peter 
Turney, received their commissions and were sworn into 
office April 18, 1893. April 19, 1893. The first examination 
of candidates was held on this date at Vanderbilt Uni- 
versity. 

Practice of Dentistry 

The first law for the regulation of the practice of 
dentistry in Tennessee was passed in 1891. From the 
time the first law was passed until April, 1907, there was 
no restriction in the qualifications of applicants for exam 
ination — anybody could apply and be examined 'by the 
board, and those who could present diplomas from rep- 
utable dental colleges were registered without examina- 
tion. 

Under the present law each applicant must present 
a diploma from a reputable dental college before he 
can be examined, and none are registered without exam- 
ination except when dentists come from other States 
with which the Tennessee board bas reciprocal relations. 
Nearly 140 persons have been registered since the pass- 
age of the law in 1891. 

Dr. F. A. Shotwell, of Rogersville, has been honored 
witli the presidency of the National Board of Dental 
Examiners, and he has also served as chairman of the 
committee on colleges. 

First Woman Dentist 

Mrs. Susanna Dulaney was the first female dentist 
in the State. In May, 1817, she advertised as having 
lately come from the city of Baltimore and that she 
was in Nashville to' practice dentistry in all its branches. 
She "drew teeth with skill and without much iiain, made 
artificial teeth, cleaned teeth, plugged hollow ones, either 
with gold or lead, which not only put an end to the pain, 
but also preserved the teeth a great while," etc. 



PR0FE8810\AL 185 



Veterinary Examiners 

Tennessee has taken a foremost position in veter- 
inary study and practice. The State Board of Veterinary 
Examiners for Tennessee was authorized by the Legis- 
lature February 2, 1905. The statute provides that such 
doctors must be licensed by the board and, before being 
granted license, they must submit to rigid oral and written 
examinatifms. 

T* %s* *r 

Bench and Bar. 



T 



HE act creating Tennessee a judicial district was 
passed by the Fifth Congress and approved Jan. 
31, 1797. The first session of the Court was or- 
dered to be held in Nashville the first Monday of 
the following April, and thereafter quarterly at Kuox- 
ville and Nashville alternately. John McNairy was made 
Judge. Judge McNairy served as District Judge from 
that date until 1834. His successor was Morgan W. 
Brown, who served until 1853, and was succeeded by West 
H. Humphreys. In 1861 Judge Humphreys accepted the 
office of Confederate States Judge for Tennessee, where- 
upon he was impeached by the National House of Rep- 
rf.sentatives, tried, convicted and deposed by the Senate. 
Connally F. Trigg was appointed in July, 1862, by Presi- 
dent Lincoln, and served until his death in 1880. Aug. 
25 of that year D. M. Key resigned from the Cabinet 
of President Hayes to accept the position, and held it 
until Jan. 26, 1904. His successor was Charles D. Clark. 
There were two divisions in the district at first, and 
the Court sat quarterly at Knoxville and at Nashville. In 
1838 Congi'ess passed an act providing for a Court at 
Jackson, in West Tennessee, which was to be held an- 
nually in September. The three districts were presided 
over by one Judge until 1877, when a separate Judgeship 
was created for West Tennessee, and E. S. Hammond was 
appointed to it. 



186 ^i^^^^ ABOUT NASHVILLE 



The contributions of Tennessee to the higher grades 
of the Federal judiciary have been men of great ability. 
Judge Catron served on the Supreme bench from the close 
of Jacksons' administration to the end of the war. John 
Baxter was appointed Circuit Judge by President Hayes 
in 1877, and at this death, in April, 1886, was succeeded 
by Howell E. Jackson, who retained the office until March, 
1893, when he was promoted to the Supreme Court. Again 
the Circuit Judgeship came to Tennessee by the appoint- 
ment of Horace H. Liurton, March 23, 1893. It is highly 
complimentary to the lawyers of Tennessee that three 
Circuit Judges of the United States were thus successively 
chosen from among them for a circuit composed of the 
'States of Tennessee, Kentucky, Ohio and 'Michigan, and 
that two of the three were advanced to the Supreme Court. 
Judge Iliurton having been appointed to a place in that 
tribunal by President Taft. 

The Supreme Court of Tennessee was organized under 
the Constitution of ^s?A. It was ]:^i'ec(Ml('il by the Sui-i-enie 
Court of Law and Equity from 1790 until 1810 and by the 
Supreme Court of Errors and Appeals from 1810 until 1834. 

Under an act of North Carolina of Oct. 6, 1783, the 
Governor issued commissions to four of the citizens on 
the Cumberland — Isaac Bledsoe, Samuel Barton, Francis 
Price ami Isaac Lindsay — to organiKp "An Inferior Court of 
Pleas and Quarter Sessions" at Nashborough. This Infe- 
rior Court was invested by the act with extraordinary 
powers, and embraced a very wide range of subjects. It 
was, in fact, invested with jurisdiction over all the legal, 
judicial, legislative, eixecutive, military and prudential 
affairs of the county. But as order and population ad 
vanced and society became more systematzed the gen- 
eral and miscellaneous functions discharged by the first 
Court became after a time separated and assigned to dif- 
ference branches of a systematic judiciary, demanded 
by a more perfect state of society. 

At first as many of the Justices of the Inferior Court 
of Pleas and Quarter Sessions as could attend sat in 



I'IfOFESSlONAL 



187 



Court together. This continued to be the practice untii 
the January term of 1791, when "the several commissions 
of the peace being all of the same date, it was agreed 
by the Court that each person named in the commission 
of the peace, with others who had been in former com 
missions, should all place their names upon separate tick- 
ets, which should be drawn in three classes, and a re- 
serve. Samuel Barton was elected to succeed Robert Hay 
as Chairman. Several subsequent attempts were made to 
form four separate benches for the different sessions, 
but without success, as each had to draw on the other 
for members to form a quorum. 

The first emancipation of slaves within the country 
was ordered by this Court, April 18, 1801. 





CITY HALL AND PUBLIC SQUARE. 



188 -1^^^ ABOUT NASHVILLE 



SPORTS AND ATHLETICS. 



Football. 



I 



N football Vanderbilt stands well up at the top of 
the heap. In 1904 Coach Dan McGugin, brother- 
in-law of "Hurry-Up" Yost, the famous Michigan 
coach, touk charge ot the coUcge team, and sine;' 
that y-ear, with the exception of one h^easoUi, the Commo- 
dores have been champions of the South. Probably the 
greatest football organization ever put forth by Vanderbilt 
was in the year 1900, when slie was absolutely invincible. 

But one defeat was met that year, Michigan beating 
the gold and black by the narrow margin of 10 to 4, 
which shows that even the big boys whom Coach Yost 
had trained could not keep the Southerners from crossing- 
their goal line. 

In that year she defeated the Carlisle Indians, who 
had defeated Pennsylvania 28 to 6; Minnesota, 17 to 0, 
and practically the big Eastern colleges by decisive scores. 
Other notaltle feats of the Vanderbilt team have been tieiug 
Yale, to 0, in 1010 ; tieing the Navy, to G, in 1907 ; and 
splendid showings made against Michigan in 1905, '00, '07. 
and '11. 

The first game of football ever played on Vauder- 
bilt's gridiron, known as Dudley Field, took place in the 
year 1800. the oppu^ing team heir.g from the University 
of Nashville. The score was 40 to in favor of Vander- 
bilt University. That was the only game played by Van- 
derbilt that year. Sewanee, her now honored rival, was 
first played in 1891. Two games were played between 
the two colleges that season, the scores being 22 to 
and 2G to in the Commodores' favor. 

The annual Thanksgiving game betwt^en Sewanee and 
Vanderbilt is one of the leading social events of the 



SPOUn^ AND ATULETIV.S 189 



year in Nashville. The city is decked in purple and gold 
:uh1 black niul the day is very tit^nevally observed as a 
holiday. 

In all other ilei)artnionts of college sports Yanderbilt 
has shown brilliantly. Several seasons her baseball team 
has won Southern championships, while the same thing has 
been ti-ue in basket ball and track athletics. Vanderbilt 
has l>een recognized as the leader of the movement for clean 
college athletics in the South. Vandcrljilt is given promi- 
nence because she earned it, though the fact that she shines 
with greater brilliancy does not necessai'ily illusti'ate that 
the other Tennesi-^ee colleges have anything like a lack luster 
hue in the college spoi'ting world. In i^reparatory circles 
Nashville schools Imve been equally [.nnninent. 

Tennessee has had her Marathon, her short sprints, 
her tennis matches, golf tournaments, and, in fact, every 
sport from marbles to prize fights, or, more properly, 
boxing bouts, which are now permitted to go eight rounds 
under a law ]iassi'-d l)y the Legis-lature of lUUi). 

Baseball. 

Nashville has enjoyed professional baseball for a num- 
ber of years. The team has won three out of ten pennants 
fought for in the Smithern League, more than any other 
city, with the excepticni of New Orleans. 

The Southern League in which Nashville, Chatta- 
nooga and Memphis now hold membership, was formed — 
that is, the present organization — in 1901, with a circuit 
including eight clubs, among which were those of the 
cities mentioned. 

The Southern League won its way from Class B to 
Class A under the splendid management of President 
William Kavanaugh, and Tennessee has ever been one jl 
its strongest factors in spite oif the fact that for a while 
Chattanooga dropped out to play with a minor body. 

Nashville saw the greatest game ever played in the 
Southern League in the la,tter part of the season of 1908. 
In fact, it was the last game of the season, in which 



190 A^LL ABOUT NASIl] ILLJjJ 



Nashville and New Orleaus were pitted against each other. 
The wiiiiier ut' lluit ,!j;aine was the lA^uiiaiit-wiiincr by mm 
point, and it was won by Nashville on one vscore. The vic- 
Uny was largely due to the wonderful pitching of Vedder 
Sifton, tlion NashviUc's star pitrher. 

Other leagues in Nashville are the City League and 
the Rock City League, both amateur organizations. Van- 
derbiit University turns out one of the best college nines 
in the South each season. Baseball is also actively 
engaged in in preparatory circles, a City Preparatory 
School League being organized each season. Winthroy 
won the pennant in this league in 1911. 

Nashville Aero Club. 

The Nashville Aero Club was organized in A,pril, 
1911, for the purpose of encouraging aeronautics and gen- 
eral athletic sports. Under the auspices of the club the 
"Aviation Meet" was held in Nashville in the spring of 
1911, and some splendid exhibitions were given. The 
officers are: President, Charles H. DeZevallos; First 
Vice-President. .laiiies I'ahuer; Second Vice-President. ( ). 
J. Timothy; Secretary and Treasurer, E. 'Fisher Coles. 

Nashville Automobile Club. 

The Nashville Automobile Club is one of the most 
progressive organizations in the city. The officers are: 
West Morton, President; .Tames Palmer, J. 0. Cheek, A. B. 
Ransom, Vice-Presidents; W. C. Kirkland, John Baxter, A. 
S. Warren, .Jr., Leo D. Wege, Joe Yowell, Leland Hume, 
W. L. Granbery, H. F. Smith and Jordan Stokes, Jr., 
Directors. 

The ^Nashville Y. M. C. A. has inaugurated a course 
of instruction in automobile driving and repairing. After 
a man has finished this course he is as well fitted to mn 
an automobile as to drive a horse and buggy. A great 
many men come here to take the course from neighbor- 
ing States, as there is no such course offered between 



SPORTS A^W ATHLETICS 191 



New Orleans and Cincinnati. A separate class is con- 
ducted for colored men who expect to become chauffeurs. 
The Mashville Automobile Club is an advisory committee 
to co-operate with this department of the Y. iM. C. A. 

Nashville Golf Club. 

The Nashville Golf Club was organized in 1901. The 
club has . a golf course on the Harding road three miles 
out from the heart of the cit>- which is reaehed by the 
Broadway-West End c;ir lino. Tbi' car runs mi n Hftceii- 
minute schedule. The club is open the year around. 

The clni> lias an eighteen-bolo ciHirsc. which is ki"i;t 
in excellent condition. An invitation tournament is held 
each year, usually in the month of June. Members of 
the U. S. G. A., the W. G. A. and the S. G. A. are always 
welcome to the course. The club has a membership of 
over 300. Mr. John Bell Keeble is iP'resident; Mr. John 
M. Gray, Vice-President, and Mr. Bradley Walker, Secre- 
tary-Treasurer. 

Nashville Tennis Club, 

The Nashville Tennis Club has six excellent courts 
located on Twenty-fifth Avenue, North, just east of Cen- 
tennial Park. The courls are reached by the Broadway 
cars. The new home of the club will he on the property 
owned by O. F. Noel, at the junction of the Glendale car 
line and the Tennessee Central Railroad north of what 
is known as the "loop." 

Cumberland Boat Club. 

There is much interest in boating in Nashville, and 
the Cumberland Boat Club, of which Mr. Erskine Jen- 
nings is President, has an enthusiastic membership. 'Many 
handsome launches are owned in Nashville, and in season 
river excursions are very popular. There are two at- 
tractive heat houses on the river, one of which belongs 
to the Cumberland Boat Club. 



192 



ALL ABOUT NAISIIVILLE 



VANDERBILT FOOTBALL TEAM IN ACTION. 




She tied a knot in the Tiger's tail — 
*S'7(C heat the Indians and then tied Yale. 
What's the matter with Vavdy? 
She's all right! 

^ •!• •!• 



Water Supply. 



N"^ ASiHVILLiE gets its water supply from the Cum- 
berland River. The daily consumption is 14,000,000 
.ixallons. The i^ystoui is luiini'inu- to tlu- reservoir. 
^ ^ the capacity of which is 51,000,000 gallons. The 
average pressure is from 30 to 90 pouu<ls. The pipe 
system consists of 139 miles of mains, with ll.lGS hy- 
drants. The daily j^-umping capacity of the new engine 
is 20.f)<10.0flO gall'ons and the reservoir is 30.000.000 gal- 
lons. The water is clarified in the reservoir by the use, 
of sulphate of alumina and is oxidized hy hypochlorite 
of lime. A chemical analysis is made once a month and 
ibacteriological examinations are made twice each month. 
In 1889 the present pumping station was built near the 
"upper island" on the Cnmberland River above the city. 
The estimated cost of the plant is $3,000,000. 



UEMPJ'J'JJIN/JH 193 



CEMETERIES. 







NiB of the most interesting places in Nashville to 
the lover of history is the old City Cemetery, 
which is in South Nashville, and which may be 
reached by the Cherry and Nolensville street cars. 
The cemetery was hrst occupied in 18:22, and many bodies 
were reniovetl from their original burial places for perma- 
nent burial there. 

There were 11,259 persons buried in this ground from 
1822 to 1859, and the interments extending through nearly 
sixty years will number between 15,000 and 20,000. Many 
prominent citizens of Nashville and of Tennessee are 
buried there, among them Gen. Robertson, the founder 
of Nashville; Gov. William Carroll, Felix Grundy, Gen. 
Felix K. Zollicoffer and many others. 

In this old burying ground there stands a fine monu- 
ment erected by the State of Tennessee in c(jmmemora- 
tion of the character and services of Gov. William Carroll, 
who was for twelve successive years Governor of the 
State. The body of James K. Polk was originally buried 
there. 

Mount Olivet. 

'Mount Olivet Cemetery, situated two and a half miles 
south of the city, is considered one of the most beautiful 
cemeteries of the South. It was established in 1855 and 
contains manj- beautiful mausoleums, obelisks, monu- 
ments, etc. It is said that the name "Mount Olivet" was 
suggested by the name of the place whence the Savior 
ascended from this earth. 

Confederate Cemetery. 

In 1869 the Ladies' Memorial 'Society of Nashville 
purchased a burial ground in the center of Mount Olivet 
13 



194 ^^LL ABOUT NASHVILLE 



for the Confederate soldiers who fell in the battles around 
Nashville. It occupies a pretty hillock, with a gentle 
slope on each side. The hill is surmounted with a hand- 
some m.onument, one of the most beautiful of the monu- 
ments that have been erected through the South ifor the 
memory of the Confederate soldier. About 14,000 bodies 
are interred there, and each year the graves are decorated 
and memorial services are held. 

Mount Calvary. 

Immediately adjoining Mount Olivet is Mount Cal- 
vary, Catholic cemetery. The beautiful tract of fifty acres 
was purchased in 1868 and contains many strikingly 
'beautiful monuments. Adding to the natural beauty of 
the place are many improvements that have been added 
in recent years. It is a short distance from the end 
of the Fairfield car line. 

Hebrew Cemetery. 

The Hebrew Cemetery is about two miles north of 
the city and comprises several acres. The monuments 
are exceedingly handsome. 



National Cemetery. 



This cemetery was established in January, 18G7. It 
is situated on the west side of the Gallatin turnpike, six 
miles north of Nashville. The Louisville & Nashville 
Railroad runs through it north and south, dividing it into 
two nearly equal parts. Madison Station is about one 
mile north of the cemetery. The lot contains nearly 
sixty-four acres of undulating Innd, which is enclosed 
with a stone wall.- 

The bodies were removed from the places of original 
interment, viz.: from the burying grounds around Nash- 
ville, wherein were buried the dead from the general hos- 
pitals in this city, from the battlefields near by and at 



CEMETERIES 



195 



Franklin, from Gallatin, Bowling Green, Ky., Cave City 
and many other places in Kentucky and Tennessee. 

In number of interments this is the second largest 
National Cemetery in the country. 

Other cemeteries of Nashville are: Spring Hill, four 
miles on the Gallatin road; Hungarian Cemetery, Fif- 
teenth Avenue, North, and Cass Street; Jewish Reform 
Cemetery; Clay and Sixteenth Avenue, North: Keblilsh- 
Kadasha Adath Israel Cemetery, Seventeenth Avenue and 
New Bridge road; Temple Cemetery, 'Fifteenth Avenue, 
North, and Clay Street; Greenwood (colored), and Mount 
Ararat (colored). 




VIEW IN CENTENNIAL PARK. 



196 ^LL ABOUT NASHVILLE 



NATURAL RESOURCES. 



Ill immediate proximity to Nashville are natural re- 
iSOiurces, more iiumerous, more varied, more easily se- 
cured and more valuable than are available to any other 
city in this country, or possibly in the woirld. Tlh'iis is 
especially ti-ue with reference to lumber, looal, iron and 
phosphate. The area of the Tennessee coial fields is 
approximately 4,500 square miles. An autihoirity has placed 
the original contents at 25,666,000,000 short tons, of which 
there has ibeen taken out, up to the end of 1908, a total 
of 90,50'3,'7i72 tons, to which shioaild be added waste and 
slack, making all told a withdrawal of 135,000,000 tons, or 
one-half of one pei cent, of the total. If no more coal 
were mined per .\ear than an 1908, the coal in Tennessee 
would last 2,475 jears. The production, however, is con- 
stantly increasing. 

Iron Ore Beds. 

There are foiir belts of iron ore in Tennessee, all 
within easy reach of Nashville, and one of them at her 
very door. 

The Eastern Iron Belt — ^^This extends entirely through- 
out the State and into Virginia and Georgia. Some of the 
ore in this belt, especially the limonite ore, contains as 
much as 59.52 per cent, of metallic iron. 

The Dyeatone Belt — This belt also extends entirely 
thrdiinhail tlir Sintc .-iKd iiil ■ NMi'-iiii:! ;ind (Ji'iiriiia. It 
lies along the eastern escarpment of the Cumberland 
Mountains and the ore is known as "Clinton ore.'' It 
yields as much as 56 per cent, of metallic ore. The same 
or(' has boon scrii in this coiiniy, live t'ei't thick, :inil it 
is extensively exposed west and north of Nashville. 

The (^umibei-land Taibie Land — This belt is co-extensivo 
with the coal fields. The ores are "clay iron stone" 
nodules, and contain 30 to 33 per cent, of metallic iron. 



NATURAL RESOURCES 197 



Tihe Westeirn Iron Belt — This lies aJbout fifty miles 
west of iNashville, and extends lin a belt fifty miiles wide 
tbrouiili tbe State, into K(nitu(;y. The ores in this belt 
are mostly limonite, and while the deposCts have never 
been adequately prospected, they are known to be very 
extensive. 

Tennessee ranks eight in tilie production of iron and 
will take higher rank, for there are 5UO,OUO,U4J() tons (esti- 
mated) in this State, and less than one million tons are 
now being produced annually. 

Growth of Phosphate Mining. 

Previous to 1892 the presence of deposits of phosphate 
of commercial value in this State was not even suspected, 
and even in 1894 there were mined only 19,188 tons. Today 
Tennessee ranks second (standing next to Florida) in the 
production of phosphate rock. In 1907 the production was 
638,612 tons. 

The largesit deposits have thus far been found in the 
followiing counties: Maury, Hckman, Liewis, Marshall, 
Perry, Wlilliamson, Giiles, Sumner and Davidson. 

The presence throughout the Central Basin of traces 
of ipibospihate in connection with tIhe prevailing limestone 
ro'Ck, even when the deposits are not large enough to be 
commercially ilmportant, serves to enrich the soil con- 
stantly. This iis one of the causes of the richness of the 
soil in the vicinity of Nashville. 

The principal phosphates are "brown," "blue and 
gray," 'nodular," and "white," of which the "brown" rock 
carries the highest per cent, of hone phosphate, running 
from 78 to 82 per cent, in Maury County. 



Many Varieties of Marble. 



'South of iNashville a fawn-colored marble is found in 
Lawrence County, and gray and red-mottled marble in 
Franklin, Lineoto and Giles counties. \Ve.st of Nashville 
a coarser gray marble i© found in Benton and Henry 
counties. But the finesit marbles in the State, and, for 



198 ^'^J^Li ABOUT NAi^HVlLLE 



some purposes, the finest in the United States, are found 
in the eastern division of the State about 150 miles east 
of Nasihv'.ille. Ihese deposits 'are virtually immeasurable. 
Tihey extend frori MoMinn County to Hawkins County, a 
disitance of 150 miles, and they are known to be from 
300 to 400 feet in depth, and sometimes as much as 650 
feet, and are about twenty miles wide. 

Monuments made of Tennessee marble do not absorb 
tannin from overhanging trees or shrubbery or stains from 
scoit or siulphur fumes, and if stained iby other means the 
stain can be readily removed with a little soaip an 1 
water. 

Great Lumber Industry, 

tNashville is the icenter of the largest and best hard- 
wood region 'in the world. Today, with possibly one 
exception, Niashville is the largest hardwood producing 
city in the world. And, without any exception, it is the 
best marlvet. 

Tllie following statistics with regard to the luralier 
busine'ss of Nashville may be considered authoritative 
and reliable: 

Capital and investment, $4,795,000. 
Annual business, $10,145,000. 
Number of cars, 15,800. 
dumber on hand, 125,000,000 feet. 

Annual amount handled (in and out), 450,000,000 feet. 
Men employed in the industry, 2,295. 
Factories at Nashville consume annually approx- 
imately 100,000,000 feet of hardwoods. 

Of the 42,050 square miles in Tennessee, 35 per cent., 
or 14,717 square miles, are still covered with forests, the 
best of which are in M'iddle Tennessee and Bast Tennes- 
see, iiniHi'diatel.v tributary Id .XashviUc. 

Approximately there are 9,519,200 acres of woodland in 
the State. Nashville handles practically the world's supply 
of red cedar. Nashville is also one of the world's great 
markets for chestnut. 



NATURAL RESOURCES 199 



The Cumt)erland iRiver is a great factor in Nasnville's 
importance as a lumber center. Every liigh tide brings 
with it from the 'headwaters great rafts of logs, some of 
them from the headwaters in Kentucky. Along its banks 
are 1,570,000 acres of timber, consisting mainly of oak. 
hiclkO'ry, ash, 'poiplar, walnut, chestnut and cedar. The 
lumber, stave and handle traffic into Nashville constitutes 
an important factor in the upper river steamboat business. 

Area of Clay Deposits. 

Eixtensive areas of valuable clay deposits are near 
Nashville. When prepared for market, all colors are rep- 
resented — bine, buff, gray, red, terra cotta, white and 
others. The most important deposits^ now bel'tag deivel- 
oped are in Henry County, one hundred miles to the west 
of Nashville. 

Tennessee fluorspar is found in Smith, Trousdale and 
Wilson counties, only a few miles from Nashville. The 
ore is nearly juire. averaging THUS i-er cent. Lumps 
weighing 1,500 pounds have been taken from these de- 
posits. Smith County has a vein 100 feet wide. 

4" 4* -^ 

Inexhaustible Building Stone. 



N 



ASm'ILLE is easily accessible to great and val- 
uable deposits of stone. These stones are prin- 
cipally limestone and sandstone, although granite 
is found in the eastern part of the State. The nua- 
.iority of the rocks near Nashville, and indeed of the whole 
State, are limestone, ranging from gray to black, in all 
sihades and of every variety. 

At Gondlettsvillo. (nily ten miles mirth of Nashville, 
and at Newsom, only ten miles west of Nashville, are 
extensive quarries of Clifton limestone, also at Bowling 
Green, Ky., only seventy-five miles away. 

The Bon Air sandstone is very popular. The buildings 



NATURAL IIESOUUVE.S 201 



of the University of the iSoutlh, at Sewanee, are 'built of 
that stone. Near Pikeville is a stone that in places is 
a uniform iiiuk. This stone is used in tlie State Peni- 
tentiary at Nasliville and elsewihere. 

Pearl Shells in Abundance. 

In the Cumberlsnd River, near Nasihville, are immense 
deposits of- m-nsisel shells, suitable for making pearl but- 
tons. Here is an inexhaustible supply of cheap raw mate- 
rial foir the building up of large button factories which 
would pay big dividends annually from the start. There 
are also found in these shells in the Cumberland and its 
tributaries many pearls, some of rare beauty and value. 

■^ ^« -J- 

Farming — A Garden Spot. 



A 



GRICUILTURALiDY, Nasihville is in the center of the 
bluegrasis region of Tennessee, whoise race horses. 
Jerseys, Berkshires and mules are known the 
world over, it l:is tihe social as well as the busi- 
ness center of the forty-one counties composing Middle Ten- 
nessee. In this section, of which Nashville is the market, 
sixty^seven field crops are grown. The principal ones are : 
Corn, wheat, oats, barley, rye, buckwheat, potatoes, clover 
seed, brown cdni, llax. lieans, peas, and sorghum. 

More than naif the wheat produoed in the State is 
raised in the country surrounding Nashville. Only winter 
wheat is sown in this section and ijt averages twelve to 
fifteen bushels per acre, although a crop of from twenty- 
five to forty busheh per acre is not uncommon. iMiddle 
Tennessee also produces aibout one-half the oats produced 
in the State. 

Middle Tennessee produces about 20 per cent, of the 
tobaiceo raised in tlie State, whicli percentage is grad- 
ually increasing. Much of this tobaooo liis now shipped 
to Europe. 



202 ^1^^ ABOUT NASH VILLI'] 



Industrial Interests. 



Nashville does a jobbing and manufacturing business 
amounting to $210,000,000 a year. Some of her heavy job- 
bing and retail lines are: 

Per Year. Per Year. 

Dry Goods $13,000,000 L'.iviii- .^-J.-jO^MUM) 

Groceries 12,500,000 Drugs 2,800,000 

Boots and Shoes. . 11,50,000 Millinery 2,500,000 

Hardware 7,000,000 Hats 2,000,000 

Hides 4,500,000 

Nashville has s wool busine&s amounting to $500,000 
a year. Even in giiiseng, a comparatively obsicure producit, 
it does an annual business o'f $300,000. 

Nashville does a fertilizer business of $7,<}UO.0W u year. 

Nasihville manufactories maJl^e anntially 204,000 stoves. 

Nashville has the largest automobile factory in the 
South, w'hose car,3 are shipped all over the Union and find 
a large siale in Canada. 

The leading mjanufacturing lines in Nashviille are: 

>Flour and grist mill products $4,242,491 

Timber and mill products, annual production. . . . 2,418,228 

Cars and general shop construction 1,724,007 

Newspaper and periodical publication 1,401,881 

Manufacture Oif tolbacoo 1,311,019 

Book and job printing 890,482 

Manufacture of men's cllothing 720,227 

Harness and saddlery mamifactuiiing 563,979 

Poultry Shipments Enormous. 

ProbaJbly $3,000,000 would be a conservative esti- 
mate of the value of the poultry products shipped an- 
nually out of Nashville to points North, Eiast, South and 
West. 'About two-thirds of this amount represents^ eggs, 
and the rest live and dressed poultry. 

In June, 1911, the Poiiltry and Egg Shippers' Asso- 
ciation was organized here, with representatives from all 



NATURAL RESOURCES 203 



the SoutliL'i-u States. The purpose oif this organization is 
to educate the farmers and poultry raisers along the line 
of better poultry, more poultry, and better methods for 
marketing and caring for same. 

Publishing Interests. 

With its thirty-six printing and publishing houses, 
Nashville is supplying almost every country on the globe 
with religious literature, furnishing the English-speaking 
world with much of its supply of choice reading matter 
and supplying, in large proportions, the commercial sta- 
tionery and blank books used in the Southern and W^est- 
ern States. 

Since the first commercial printing establishment waa 
organized in Nashville the name of the city has been 
the first to suggest itself to the minds of business men 
in the iSouth when the question of printing is brought up. 
There is not a postoffice in all the Southern States, and 
few in the entire country, that does not receive each week 
some kind of printed matter mailed from Nashville. There 
are few missionary posts in the far corners of the earth 
that do not receive regularly printed matter sent out 
from Nashville in many languages. 

With the single exception of railroad pay rolls, and 
that only in the most prosperous times, the pay rolls of 
the publishing and printing establishments of Nashville 
are the largest in the city. Thousands of people are em- 
ployed and many thousands of dollars are paid out each 
week for salaries to the army of men and women em- 
ployed in these thirty-six establishments. 

The capital invested in the printing and publishing 
business in Nashville is more than $5,000,000. The value 
of the annual output is $8,000,000. This city is the fore- 
most publishing center of the South and the fifth largest 
publishing center in America. It is the third city in the 
country in point of variety of work. 

The church pu!)lishiiig board in Nashville include 
the fcllnwing: Publishing House of the Southern Meth- 



204 ^^^ ABOUT NASH] ILLE 



odist Cliurcli; Sunday School Board of the Southern Bap- 
tist Church; Board of Publication of the Cumberland Pres- 
byterian Church; Gospel Advocate of the Christian 
V mirch; Southern Publishing Association, Pentecostal 
Mission Publishing House; Seventh Day Adventists' Pub- 
lishing House; National Baptist Publishing Board (col- 
ored) ; Sunday School Board, African Methodist Church. 

4" ^ 4" 



Confederate Veteran. 




Nashville has the honor of being the home of The 
Confederate Veteran, recognized throughout the nation 
as the official representative of the interests of the Con- 
federate soldiers and their children. 
Mr. S. A. Cunningham started the publi- 
cation of the magazine twenty years ago 
for the purpose of preserving to future 
generations much of the history of that 
memorable conflict that would otherwise 
have been lost. 

Through the years of its existence 
Mr. Cunningham has personally supervised practically 
every issue of the magazine. Despite the difficulty of 
such an undertaking, especially in its beginning, Mr. Cun- 
ningham has not only rondnxMl an iuestiniablo service 
to the South, but he has won the cordial friendship of 
many of the leaders of the other side — broad men who 
appreciate the absolute sincerity of Mr. Cunningham's 
work. And it is an interesting fact that many of the 
stories published in the Veteran have been appreciated 
and commented on by Northern men. 

The office of The Confederate Veteran in the Meth- 
odist Publishing House is a storehouse of valuable history 
and the files of the magazine as well as the valual)le 
library are open to visitors. 



206 ^LL ABOUT NA8UVILLE 



MISCELLANEOUS. 



The State Archives. 



I 



T was in iSI):; that the beginning was made to 
save from the Capitoi abasement and boiler house 
the •<;ilvagt' of the v;ihi:ibh' rrcnrds of tiii" 
State of TeiHiessee, tlicn lying in iiiixe<l Iieai>s, 
jiileil in ))roken ;uid overturnetl boxes arid wadded into 
chiinfes and crevices and under stairways. That the be- 
ginning was made and that what is left of Tennessee's 
records are safely and systematically and affectionately 
cared for is due to the initiation of Mr. Robert T. Quarles, 
then Custodian of the Capitol and since then tiie valued 
State Archivist. 

The occasion was the request of the United States 
Government to the Governor of Tennessee to forward 
eighty-five chests of vouchers of the Quartermaster's De- 
partment, left as duplicates by various Quartermasters 
in Nashville during the Civil War. Mr. Quarles undertook 
the work, and in the prosecution of it discovered the de- 
plorable condition in which the archives of the State 
existed. 

Ambition to save, patriotic interest and the fire of 
the historian inspired (Mr. Quarles to be^gin the work of 
salvage unaided, giving such time as he could spare from 
his duties to the preservation of the papers. 

It was left to Governor Benton McMillin to realize 
the genuine value of these records and to attempt a 
regularly organized rescue work. The iLeigislature denied 
an appropriation, and Governor McMillin cheerfully sac- 
rificed his own office expense appropriation for the work. 

Tlie papers were first conveyed to the armory, where 
they were dried, assorted and cleansed. They were after- 
wards removed to the attic of the State Capitol. 



MISCELLANEOUS 207 



The archives include all the papers from every de- 
partment of the State Government from 1796 to 190S. 
These imclude all the papers relating to the formation of 
Tennessee's State Government; the correspondence of 
Territorial Governor William Blount with the departments 
at Washington up to and including 1795; the correspondence 
of tlie first State Governor, John ISevder, from 1796, when 
Tennessee was admitted to the Union, through his admin- 
istration, and the like correspondence of succeeding Gov- 
ernors to the present time; the records and correspond- 
ence of the wars of Tennessee, from the Creek War of 
1812-13, the campaign ending at New Orleans, the Semi- 
nole War, the War with Mexico, and the .Civil War. 

From as far back as 1800 the papers of the Supreme 
Court have heen filed to date, and in so far as possihle 
tho.se of the Comptroller, Secretary of State, Treasurer 
and all otiher branches of the State Government have 
been added and are now filed regularly in chrono'logical 
order iu this De]';artuH'ut ^f Archives. Tennessee's rec- 
ords from now on are to be saved and will one day 
be made secure. There are now between seven and eight 
million papers in the custody of the lArchivist, sorted and 
aocessihle to the public. 

,J, ^ ^ 



The Classic Cumberland. 



mHE Cumberland River, upon which Nashville is 
situated, has frequently heen called "The Classic 
Cumberland," and the scenery along its rock- 
rimmed banks is strikingly beautiful. The Indians 
called the Cumherlnncl River the "Wariotu." and the 
French called it the "Cliauvenou." It rises in the moun- 
tains c.f Kentucky aii-d swee]« iu a semi-circle through, 
some of the fairest portions of Tennessee, giving Nashville 
a natural highway which has great commercial value. By 
inland waters alone Nashville can reach no less than 
twenty States, hesides the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic 
seaboard. 



208 -4LL ABOUT NASHVILLE 



Both historically and commercially the Cumberlan.i 
River has ibeen important from the earliest days of the 
infant settlement. EJven before the steamboats plied, 
Nashville was the center of large commerce on the Cum- 
berland, and long before the war this city owned and 
controlled as large a fleet of steamers as appeared in 
any inland waters. 

The Cumberland is the only river in the United 
States that penetrates through distinct bituminous coal 
fields, one of which is the most extensive in the entire 
country. 

The Federal Government is constantly spending its 
hundreds of thousands to make its system of locks com- 
plete, for it affords navigation for 383 miles above Nash- 
ville and to the Ohio 20 miles away, below Nashville, 
The 'boat lines operating upon its waters touch at forty- 
five cities and towns along- its length, with a total or' 
nearly 400 landing places. In 1910 the total tonnage 
handled on the Cumberland was 9,540,201, of an estimated 
value of $28,620,603. Tobacco, grain, livestock and lumber 
were the main products handled. 

During the season round-trip rates are given on the 
steamboat lines, and no more delightful vacation trip can 
be imagined than a visit to the head of navigation, up 
in the Kentucky mountains. 

^« •+« *4^ 

An Ideal Climate. 

Jits climate eoraJbines humidity and sunshine, cold 
and warmth, in .lust the riglit iiroportions to make res- 
idence a constant pleasure to man and the highest statf 
of perfectiion for the largest number of lorops. It is the 
happy climatic medium. There is piraotically no zero 
weather, no drouths or cyclones. The temperature aver- 
age for forty-one years was 60.01 degrees. 

While the tempeirature in winter sometimes descends 
to zeiro, and even a few degrees below, there lils not much 
zero weather. 



MISCELLANEOUS 209 



Cumberland River Bridges. 

In addition to the old bridge from tlie -Public Square 
and the two new structures, and the Hyde'si Ferry bridge, 
the Louisville & Nashville and the Tennessee Central 
railroads span the 'Cumiberland river at Nashville with 
railroad bridges, thus making a total of six massive and 
modern steel structures across the river at this point. 

The cost of constructing the two new Cumberland 
river bridges was about $900,OfM>. In addition to this, 
rights of way had to Ibe 'bought, costing from $100,000 to 
$150,000, making the total cost of the work to the county 
not less than $1,000,000. 

Tihe new bridges are duplicates. The main river 
spans 180 feet, while the central spans are 320 feet. These 
spans rest on concrete piers 110 feet from the foundiations, 
which are of 'steel, are fifty -two feet higlh at the center, the 
top being gracefully curved towards the ends. Some novel 
construction has been used in the approaches over the 
railroad yiards at Sparkman street bridge; this class of 
work is known as concrete bow string trusses, and 
carry the roadway and walks. The main roadways are 
forty feet in width while the sidewalks on either side are 
ten feet wide. 

The bridge committee, which had to pass upon all the 
details of the new bridges, was compoised of K. Rains, 
chairman; W. E. Norvell, iMaj. C. T. Cheek, J. M. Wilson 
and T. L. Herrin. 



Originator of Dry Cleaning in Nashville 

Firestine, The Cleaner 

CLEANER OF FANCY GARMENTS 

238 FIFTH AVENUE, NORTH 
PHONE MAIN 1569 NASHVILLE, TENN. 

14 



MISCELLANEOUS 211 



Nashville Writers. 



With the single exception of Indianapolis, Nashville 
has more writers of note than any city of the country. 

Miss Maria Thompson Daviess, whose books have 
charmed the American public within the past few years, 
lives ill iiii uttr.iitive home of her own on Ackloii Ave- 
nue. Miss Daviess is a hard worker, but the wholesome- 
nesis and o-ptimism of her nature ;ire imlicattd in her de- 
lightful stories and her friends enjoy many charming 
hours in her lovely home. 

Mrs. Lundy H. Harris (Corra Harris), whose stories 
in the Saturday Evening Post have brought her close to 
the reading public of two continents, lives at 310 Twenty- 
fourth Avenue, South. Mrs. Harris is not strong physi- 
cally, and since she has constant demands for her work her 
friends are denied the privilege of seeing her as often as 
they would like. Nashville feels an especial pride in the 
great success Mrs. Harris has attained, since all of her 
work has been done here. 

IMr. John Trotwood Moore, although, as his writings 
indicate, loves the woods and the fields, has a handsome 
town house on Twenty-second Avenue, which is the scene 
of many cultured gatherings. Mr. Moore's books are all 
intensely associated with Tennessee and the scenes are 
mainly laid in this section. 

iMiss Will Allen Dromgoole, who conducts "Song and 
Story'' on the Nashville Banner, has long been known an;] 
loved for her exquisite stories and her books are among 
the most popular by Southern writers. 

Mr. Francis Perry Elliott, whose latest success, "The 
Haunted Pajamas," has been read the world round, lives 
when in town, in the quaint old home of his parents, built 
by them even before the State Capitol was erected. Mr. El- 
liott lives quietly and an atmosphere of ante-bellum charm 
clings around the old home in which he works. 

iMrs. Kate Trimble Sharber, one of the newest and 
best known of Nashville writers, is the wife of a leading 



212 ^LL ABOUT NASHVILLE 



physician and their home is on Fatherland Street, in East 
Nashville. Mrs. Shavber is very domestic and loves her 
home. She is a young woman of unusual personal beauty. 

Mrs. Elizabeth Fry Page, whose short stories, books 
and editorial work are well known, makes her home in 
Nashville and is chairman of the local Woman's Press 
and Authors' Club. 

In addition to those mentioned there are a number of 
well known magazine and newspaper writers. 

^ ^ ^ 

Music and A rt. 

In both art and music Nashville has claims to distinc- 
tion. The musical clubs of the city are mentioned else- 
where. 

Professionally, Nashville has contributed Kitty Cheat- 
ham, who occupies a unique and distinguished position in 
the world of musical art, and others of note. The city has 
also a number of music teachers of reputation. 

The All-Star Musical Course, founded and conducted by 
Mrs. John Cathey, has done much for Nashville in the 
way of bringing noted artists, and Mr. DeLong Rice of 
the Rice Bureau has also brought celebrated artists to 
the city. Through Mrs. (Jathey, Nashville, in l!JU)-ll. hoard 
the following artists: Mme. Louise Homer, contralto; 
Mme. Johanna Gadski, soprano; Mme. Berdice Blye, 
pianist; Mr. Francis Macmillen, violinist; Mr. Chris Ander- 
son, baritone; Mr. Edwin Schneider, pianist; and the New 
York Symphony Orchestra in afternoon and evening fes- 
tivals. 

Realizing the magnitude of the enterprise and its vast 
importance to Nashville, the Board of Trade is assisting 
this season, with a. view to making the course one of 
Nashville's iteruiauent assets. The artists on the list for 
1911-1912 include the Alice Neilsen-Riccardo Martin Grand 
Operatic Concert Company; Mr. David Bispham, baritone; 



MlkiCELLANEOUS 213 



Mr. Harold Bauer, pianist; Mr. Ellison Van Hoose, tenor; 
Vladimii- de Faclimann, pianist ; Miss Kathleen Parlow, 
violinist: Mme. Gerville Reache, contralto; Mme. Jeanne 
Jomelli, soprano. 

In art Nashville has claims to distinction also. As 
portrait painters Mrs. Willie Betty Newman, Miss Ella 
Herglesheimer, Mr. Cornelius Hankins and others are well 
known. Through Mrs. James C. Bradford and co-workers 
in the Art Association Nashville has had frequent art ex- 
hibits at the Carnegie Library. 

The studio of Mrs. Willie Betty Newman, on Broad 
Street, is one of the most charming places in Nashville. 

Miss Zoe Louise McKee has a charming little arts 
and crafts shop, where informal tea is served, on Churcli 
Street, which is extremely popular with the lovers of the 
beautiful, and in this quaint and tasteful little shop many 
dainty and exquisite specimens are found. 



^ ^ ^i 



Fire Department. 



N 



ASHVILLE has one of the best-equipped tire de- 
partments in the South. 

Prior to 1860 the city depended on the work 
of volmiteer companies for fighting fires. In those 
days hand apparatus was used. 

The department has been growing steadily with the 
city's development, and as the skyscrapers have gone 
up in the heart of the city the demand for improved 
apparatus for fighting flames has been met. 

In 1909 $5,000 was allowed in the city budget for 
putting the Fire Department's alarm system wires under 
ground. The department has more than 80 miles of 
wires and there are 134 alarm boxes distributed through- 
out the city. 

There are 114 men constantly employed, with a force 
of ten substitutes, and 65 fine horses. There are 19,000 
feet of hose in the department. 



214 



ALL ABOUT NASHVILLE 



Cumberland Telephone Headquarters. 

mHIE General Offices ol' the Cumberland Telephone 
and Telegrajph Oompany are lO'Cated in Nashville, 
on Church Street, corner Third Avenue, where 
the -oompany occupies a handsome building. 
The oIHcers of the Board of Directors are: James 
E. Caldwell, Chairman ; President, W. T. Gentry, At- 
lanta ; ^'i(•e-Prpsi(^ellts'. W. W. Berry, Nashville; J. Ejjps 
Brown Atlanta, and J. M. B. Hoxsey, Atlanta; General 
Counsel. William L. (4ranl)ery, Xasliville : Treasur<'r. 
T. D. Webb, Nashville; Assistant Treasurers, Addison 
Maupin, Atlanta, and George R. Knox, Jr., Nasliville; Sec- 
retary, Addison Maupin, Atlanta; Assistant Secretary, 
S. Y. Caldwell, Nashville; General Manager, Leland Hume, 
Nashville; Auditor, C J. Holdtich, Atlanta; Assistant 
Auditor, K. Ward Smith, Nashville. 

. The company was organized in 1883. Its general 
offices and headquarters have always (been in Nashville. 

It started in a very small way, and in 1890 the Cum- 
berland Telejihone system consisted of thirteen isolated 



SpsM^Tv 


«^^^ 


1 


^g 




^ -3 ' -"MM 


H 




HH^fll 


1 


Pm 






H 


^H^^^^^i.: ~%''t:'^H 


^^8^9 


1 


l^w 






H 


HH^R^ — ^H 


9^^ 


ii 


^m 






H 


IhHk '^Mt 


L^^^H^k' 


1 


^P' 






Hj 


Be 


IP 


1 


1 


8. <.■ '■■I 

...-.---'aBii 




1 








ImHhBHI 


■r 










' i: 



OLD PEABODY COLLEGE BUILDING, NOW PART OF 
VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY. 



MISCELLANEOUS 215 



exchanges, without long-distance lines. At tliat time tlio 
entile system embraced about 3,000 telephones. In 1900 
tlio number of exchanges increased to 149 and tlhe number 
of subscribers to 36,146. On February 1, 1911, the number 
of exchanges was 587 and the number of telephone sul)- 
sciiberp had grown to 202,278. 

The investment in plant is |29,274,129.66; the number 
of employes exceeds 6,000; the number oif square miles o: 
territory served is 175,768; the population of territory 
■served is 8,523,000. The company owns forty-four build- 
ings in various cities where it operates. Its lines extend 
tlirou.uh the States of Kentu<*ky, Tennessee. ;Mississipi)i. 
Louisiana and tlie southern counties of Illinois and In- 
diana, and include the great cities of New Orleans, Lioiiis- 
ville, Memphis, Chattanooga, Knoxville and Nashville. 

The first experiuion-t witli a tele])lK)ne in Xasliville 
was made at noon on the first day of September, 1877, 
by Prof. Nipher, of St. Louis, and Prof. Lovewell, of 
Wisconsin. The experiment was made liy cdnnectin,!; the 
residences of iMrs. James K. Polk and iMrs. A. G. Adams, 
on Seventh Avenue (then Vine Street), with small instru- 
ments — one at each end of the line^ — conversation was 
carried on in a very feeble manner. It was entirely suc- 
cessful. The professors making- the experiment were in at- 
tendance on the American Association for the Advance- 
ment of Science, which was in twenty-sixth annual ses- 
sion at the Capitol. 

^ ^ ^ 

The Telegraph in Nashville. 



T 



HE first telegi'aph line built into Nashville was in 
1848, when the People's Telegraph Company com- 
pleted a line from Louisville to Nashville. Tlie 
first telegraphic dispatch received in Tennessee 
was in March. 1S4S, on Ilemy O'lleilly's line from Louis- 
ville, and ]Mr. OTteilly sent his compliments to the people 
of Tenne.ssee amon.tr the first dispatches. From Nashville 
the line was liuilt ti> Tnseumbia, Ala., Columbus and Jack- 



216 -i^^J^ ABOUT NA.SJIVILLI'J 



son, Miss., aiKl tlieuce through Cliuton aud Batou Rouge, 
La., to New Orleans. The complete line was finished early 
in 1.S40. 

In 1847 the New Orleans & Ohio Telegraph Company 
was organized, to embrace the territory from fPittsburg to 
New Orleans. 

In July, 1850, the People's Telegiraplh line from Louis- 
ville to New Orleans was leased to James D. Read, one 
of the earliest pioneers in telegTaphy, for $13,500 per 
annum, ■ 

From 1850 to 1860 various minor telegrapn oompanies 
were formed in the South. These companies existed with 
varied fortune until January 6, 1860, when the Southwest- 
ern Telegraph Company was formed at Louisville, Ky. 
This company leased all of the wires passing through 
Nashville. The success of this company was instanta- 
neous, aud after a splendidly successful career it became 
extinct by a union with the American Teilegraph Company, 
the stockholders accepting for their property an issue of 
$1,000,000 worth of the American Company's stock. This 
was, not long- afterward, exchanged for $3,000,000 worth 
of stock of the Western Union Telegraph Company, with 
which fhe American Telegraph Company finally became 
fused. 

From 1861 to 1865 the telegraph lines in Tennessee 
were under the control of the military authorities. After 
the cessation of hostilities the Western Union again took 
charge of its property and has operated it up to the 
present time. In 1867 the facilities of the Nashville 
office were two commercial wires to Louisville, one to 
Chattanooga, one to Atlanta, one to Memphis via Decatur. 
Ala., and one via Clarksville, and these points were the 
limit of direct communication, all business for points 
beyond being suibjected to a relay. The tariff on a ten- 
word message to New York was $2.50, and other rates 
were in proportion. 

The Postal Telegraph-Cable Company opened its 
office in Nashville in the spring of 1891 — locating at 317 
Union 'Street, 



MISCELLANEOUS 



217 



Nashville in the past few years having become such an 
important point in the telegraph field, it was found neces- 
sary to establish here the superintendent's offices of 
the Fourth District, Southern Division. This district com- 
prises the States of Tennessee and Kentuol-^y. 

4* 4" 4- 



Street Car Facilities. 



I^~^ N street car facilities Nashville is not surpassed by 
any other city in the country. 
One of the features of the Nashville Railway 
— ^ system Is the transfer station. Every oar in 
the city passes through that station. This enables pas- 
sengers to transfer from one line to another at the 
station without additional fares and without the impleas- 
ant nei-essity of waiting on a street corner for connec- 
tions. The transfer station is located on the west side of 
the Public Square and double traclvs pass through the 




CITY HOSPITAL. 



218 ^T^L ABOUT NASHVILLE 



south side of the station, and those from the north and east 
pass through the north side. This station is handsomely 
equipped for the convenience and comfort of the traveling 
public. The company also furnishes street corner trans- 
fers to those who may prefer not to pass through the trans- 
fer station at several points, Broadway and T'welfth Ave- 
nue, Broadway and Eighth Avenue, Church and Eighth 
Avenue, Church and Fourth Avenue, Felder and Charlotte, 
and First and Bridge Avenue. 

^ ^ ^ 

Dr. Gerard Troost 

Dr. Gerard Troost, one of the most eminent geologists 
and scientists of his day, lived in Nashville for a number 
of years. 

In 1827 he was appointed Professor of Chemistry, 
Geology and (Mineralogy in the University of Nashville. 
He was elected State Geologist in 1831 and he was re- 
elected at each biennial session of the Legislature until 
that body abolished the office in 1849. His indefatigable 
services in this department laid the foundation of geologj' 
in the State of Tennessee. 

He gathered the finest geological and prehistoric 
collection ever in the St;itc. This wns siild t-y Lmiisvil];' 
for something like .$20,000, which was one-third of its 
value. 

A visit to the State Geological Office in the Capitol 
Annex will well repay the visitor. The mineral resources 
of the State can scarcely be appreciated without an in- 
spection of this collection of specimens, photographs, etc. 
This has .Lcrowii to 1)0 one of the most inii:.c.rt;int of the 
State departments of work. 



MISCELLANEOUS 



219 



Stahlman Building. 

The Stahlmau Building, Nasliville's liandsomest slvy- 
scraper, is an expression of one man's faith, in the future 
of Nashville, and is a maignificent monument to the untir- 
ing energy and business sagacity of Maj. E. B. Stalilman. 

The city lias no handsomer ornament, and it is one 
of which the citizens feel justly proud. It is twelve sto- 
ries high, with a basement, and is built of steel and 




concrete, marble and yellow brick. Tlie Grecian columns 
supporting it are forty feet high and the architecture is 
notable for its stateliness and dignified beauty. 

The ibuilding represents an expenditure of a million 
dollars, and contains 400 rooms. Nineteen hundred tons 
of steel ribs support the building, and some of the girders 
weigh 23,000 pounds each. The lower stories are finished 
in Bowling Green stone, as are the massive columns on 
the Third avenue entrance. The building is fireproof 
throughout and the halls are of Italian marble. 



220 ^1^^^ ABOUT NABHYIUjE 



NEGROES. 



A 



iNY students of economic conditions must be sur- 
prised at the evidence of business development on 
the part of the negroes of Nashville. 

There stand at Nashville distinctly negro 
establisliments that not only sliow the remarkable activity 
of that people, but make Nashville the center of influence 
for more than two-thirds of the negro inhabitants of the 
counti-y. The National Baptist Publishing House and 
the A. M. E. Sunday School Union are not only the largest 
concerns of the kind managed by negroes, but are the 
centers, the headquarters for the religious and business 
interests of the Baptist and African Methodist Churches, 
which have a following of more than two-thirds of all 
the negro Christians. 

Here are located four distinct boards of the Baptist 
Church and four of the African Methodist Church. Th:i 
National Baptist Publishing Board is a mammoth con- 
cern, regarded in the commercial world, as a purely com- 
mercial est&h ishment. The Board does its business at 
52i3 Second Avenue, North, and has under its control 
several large buildings, which it owns. It is in every 
sense of the word a publishing plant, taking the manu- 
script, editing and printing it, and turning it over to the 
sales department a finished article, all done by negro la- 
bor. To do this work the board has had to train men and 
women for the service, and to a large extent the National 
Baptist Publishing Board has furnished the schools of tech- 
nology and the large printing establishments with all the 
linotype operators, stereotypers and bookbinders they 
have been able to get. Its sales department is virtually 
a mail order house, sending its products to the negro 
Baptists througlidut tlLe eomitry and to its foreign work. 

The editorial department consists of an Editorial Sec- 
tary, his assistants and contributors. Its greatest work 



NEGROES 221 

from the department is the National Baptist Sunday 
Sicliool Commentary, whicli has had a circulation of nearly 
8,000 copies, and is the only Baptist Sunday School Com- 
mentary published in America. In the Bible, book an.l 
tract department a careful invoice shows a stock of be- 
tween $50,000 and $75,000. 

All that the National Baptist Publishing Board is to 
the Baptist Church among the negroes, the A. M. E. Sun- 
day School Union is to the African Methodist Episcopal 
Church. It likewise publishes its periodicals for the Sun 
day Schools, the Conference minutes, books. Bibles and 
tracts for the consumption of its members and for the 
use on its home and foreign mission fields. 

Mercy Hospital 

Mercy Hospital was established by Dr. Boyd ten 
years ago. Here young women of the negro race are in- 
structed in nurse training. The hospital is well equipped, 
being able to accommodate fifty patients at a time, with 
thirty-five or forty rooms and a nurses' home. 

Greenwood Cemetery 

Greenwood Cemetery is perhaps the finest cemetery 
for negroes in the United States. It is a model of beauty 
and artistic taste in all its appointments. The cemetery 
represents an outlay of $25,000 cash, and it paid for itself 
in six years. 

In the neighborhood around Fisk University, Hardee 
Street and the vicinity of Walden University and Meharry 
Medical College are found some of the best negro homes 
in the country. 

The secret orders among the negroes likewise hold 
some valuable property, chief of which is the Pythian 
Temple, purchased at a cost, of $10,000; the Odd 'Fellows' 
Hall, Fourth Avenue, $7,000, and the Masons' Old Folks' 
Home, Lebanon Road, worth $10,000. This property was 
purchased by the Tennessee negro Masons from Rev. Pres- 
ton Taylor and faces Greenwood Park. 



222 



ALL ABOUT NASHVILLE 



Greenwood Park 

Adjoining the Greenwood Cemetery is Greenwood 
PsLvk, a place for the pleasure of colored people only. The 
appointments are convenient, the spot ideal, and all the 
facilities usually employe;! in parks dw the pleasure and 
amusement of its patrons are to be found here. This is 
also a forty-acre plot of land, situated about four miles 
from the IPublic Square on the Lebanon Pike, and is the 
property of Preston Taylor. 

Walden University 

While Walden University has not been so uniquely 
advertised as Pisk, it ranks among the greatest institu- 
tions of its kind in this country. The University has thir- 
teen departments, employs seventy teachers and has 850 
students, from three-fourths of the Northern States, from 
the West Indies, Canada, Mexico and other foreign coun- 
tries. At ;i linv esliuiate tlK' students (if this University 




VIEW OF RIVER FRONT. 



NEGROES 



223 



spend $150,000 in Nashville each year. This school has 
such departments -as literary, law, industrial, printing, 
medicine, and its most noted branch is Meharry, which 
, carries medical, dental and pharmaceutical schools. This 
school has •2(ir, mcdicnl stu<leiits. KIC- deutad stuik'iits, sixtj- 
nine in pharmacy and sixteen in music training. The en- 
dowment is $3r),0<M), the value of the i)ro!];erty is J};(X),00O, 
and there are thirty teachers. The fine property 
owned by the University on the Hillsboro Fike has been 
sold and converted into a residence section, and a tract 
of land well suited for school purposes has been purchased 
on the White's Creek Pilve, near Lock No. 1 on the Cum- 
berland. 

A prominent school for the instruction of negro girls 
Is the School of the Blessed Sacrament, established on 
Stevenson Avenue, mainly through the efforts of Mother 
Drexel. This school teaches as a specialty domestic 
science. There are about 150 pupils in attendance. 

Hoffman Hall is condiicted as an industrial public 
school, and there are several other private schools for the 
colored race teaching various branches. 

Pearl High School and several other public schools in 
various sections of the city offer education free to the 
eoicred race. 




INDEX. 



Of Historic Interest page 

Historical 5 

Tlie Battle of the Bluffs 11 

William Walker ' 13 

The Hermitage IT 

The Hermitage Churcli 19 

Visit of LaFayette 20 

General Sam Houston 20 

Nashville in the Civil War 21 

Grim Fort Negley 22 

Battle of Stones" Kiver 24 

Battle of Franklin 2G 

Battle of Nashville 29 

ZollicofCer Barracks (Maxwell House) 31 

Hetty McF]\ven's Flag 32 

Immortalizing Sam r>avis 32 

Belle Meade 36 

James K. Polk 39 

The Grave of Dickinson 41 

Historical Society Museum 42 

The Tennessee Centennial Exposition 44 

Historic Markers of Nashville 

In Memory of Pioneers 48 

To the Revolutionary Soldier 48 

At the City Cemetery 48 

The Old Nashville Inn 49 

The Zollicoffer Home 49 

In Memory of LaFayette's YMt 49 

To William Strickland 51 

Commemorating Battle of the Bluff's 51 

Robertson's Home 51 

Many Monuments 51 

An Historic House (Thompson & Co.) 53 

Public Bltildings 

The State Capitol 54 

United States Customhouse 5(5 

Davidson County Courthouse 57 



226 INDEX 

PAGE 

The Parthenon 57 

Young Men's Christian Association 59 

State Headquarters 60 

Young Women's Christian Association 60 

Young Men's Hebrew Association 62 

Tennessee Industrial School 62 

The Old Woman's Home 82 

Blind Girl's Home S3 

Nashville Wesley House 83 

Bertha Fenster\A'ald Settlement Ilonic 83 

Max Bloomstein's Pharmacy 84 

Little Sisters of the Poor 85 

Day Homes 85 

Florence Crittenden Home 86 

St. Mary's Orphanage 86 

INIonroe Harding Orphanage 86 

Benevolent Organizations 

United Charities 87 

Fresh Air Camp 87 

Kings Daughters 88 

Girls Charity Circle 89 

Vanderbilt Aid Society 89 

Council of Jewish Women 90 

Swiss Relief Society 90 

Hebrew Relief Society 91 

Church Interests 

Presbyterian ( U. S. ) 92 

Moore Memorial 93 

Methodist Episcoi)al Church. South 93 

Baptist 95 

First Baptist Church 98 

Inunanual Baptist Cliurch 99 

Episcopal (Christ Churcli ) , 90 

Church of the Advent 101 

Cumberland Presl)yteriaii ( 'Ihum li 103 

Presl)yterian Church V. S. .\ 104 

Reformed Church 105 

lAitheran Chui'* li 105 

INIothodist Ei)i' co]»al Church 107 

United Br.'thren 107 

Christian Clnircli 107 

Seventh Day Advcnlisls 108 



INDEX 227 

PAGE 

Pentecostal 109 

Congregational 110 

, Christian Science Cbnrch Ill 

Catholic Church Ill 

The New Cathedral 114 

St. Mary's Cathe<^lral 114 

Jewish Population 114 

Salvation Army IIG 

Educational Interests 

Vanderbilt University 118 

Peahody College for Teachers 120 

Fisk University 123* 

Colleges for Women 125 

Preparatory Schools 12G 

Normal Schools 12G 

Watkins Night School 128 

John Hill Eakin Institute 128 

Parochial Schools 129 

Religious Schools 130 

Battle Ground Academy 131 

Public Schools 132 

Colored Schools 133 

Meharry Medical College 133 

John A. Meadors ( Shoes) 13.5 

Commercial Organizations 

Board of Trade 13G 

Commercial Club 136 

Carr Tailoring Company 137 

Retail Merchants' Transportation Association 138 

Merchants' Transportation Association 138 

Merchants' Transj^ortation Association of the Maini- 

facturer and Jobbers Department 139 

Industrial Bureau 139 

Traffic Bureau 139 

Nashville-Made Goods Club 140 

Nashville Builders' Exchange 140 

Calvert Brothers (Photographers) 140 

Bureau of Employment 141 

City Beautiful Association 141 



228 INDEX 

PAGE 

Real Estate Exchange 1-tl 

Travelers rroteetive Associat ion 141 

Retail Shoe Dealers 142 

Lnmhermau's Club 142 

Breeders Association 142 

Manufacturers Organized 143 

Women's CiAins 

Centennial Club 144 

Housekeeper's Club 144 

Literary Clubs 144 

Musical Clubs 148 

Mrs. Mclntyre (Ilainlrcssing and Manicure) 148 

Okganizations 

Tennessee Historical Society 149 

Tennessee Woman's Historical Association 149 

Daughters of 1812 150 

Watauga Cumberland Settlor's Association 150 

Daughters of American Kevolution 150 

Daughters of Confederacy 152 

Department of Libraries 153 

Tennessee Library Association 153 

The Old Oak Club 153 

Southern Association of College Women 153 

Mothers Congress 154 

S(mth Carolina Society 154 

Association for Preservation of Virginia Anti(iuities. 154 

The (Jrand Army Repuldic 154 

East Side Civic Club 155 

South Nashville Federation 155 

Nashville Equal Suffrage League 155 

Nashville Art Association 156 

Story Tellers League 156 

School Improvement Association 157 

Woman's Christian Temperance Union 157 

Anti-Saloon League 159 

Confederate Veterans 159 

Nashville Anti-Tuberculosis League 159 

Nashville Boy's Club 159 

Social Clubs l-'iS 



INDEX 229 

Fraternal Organizations page 

Masons 1(50 

Order of Eastern Star 161 

Royal Arch Masons KU 

Scottish Rite Masons 101 

Odd Fellows IGl 

Knights of Pythias 163 

Rod Men 104 

Order of Elks ; 165 

Royal Arcannin 166 

The Patricians 106 

National Union 166 

Wiles, Commercial Pliotoynipher 167 

Order of Golden Cross 16S 

Independent Order of B'Nai B'Ritli 168 

Knights of Colnmbns 168 

Knights of the Maccabees 160 

Knights and Ladies of Honor KiO 

Independent Order of Foresters 169 

Modern Woodmen of America 109 

Woodmen of the World 169 

Order of Eagles 160 

Junior Order United American Mechanics 170 

Sailors 170 

Catholic Knights of America 170 

Tennessee Fraternal Congress 170 

Parks 

Centennial Park 171 

Glendale Park 173 

Shelby Park 173 

Richland Park 173 

Theaters 174 

The State Fair 175 

Bloomington Springs 1^75 

Hospitals 

St. Thomas" Sanitarium 176 

City Hospital 177 

Shoffner Hospital 177 

Adventists Sanitariums 178 

Woman's Hospital 178 



2-30 INDEX 

PAGE 

Socialists in Nashville 178 

Mediclne and Surgery 179 

Eclectic School 179 

Homeopathy 180 

Osteopathy 181 

Nashville Academy of Medicine 183 

State Board of Pharmacy 183 

Practice of Dentistry 184 

First Woman Dentist 184 

Veterinary Examiners 18") 

Bench and Bar 185 

SroRTs AND Athletics 

Footl)all 188 

Baseball 189 

Nashville Aero Club 190 

Nashville Antomobile Club 190 

Nashville Golf Club 191 

Nashville Tennis Clnl) 191 

Cumberland Boat CIul) 191 

Water Supply 1 92 

Cemeteries 

Mount Olivet - 193 

Confederate Cemetery 193 

Mount Calvary 194 

Hebrew Cemetery 194 

National Cemetery 194 

Other Cemeteries 195 

Natural Resources 

Iron Ore Beds 190 

Growth of Phosphate Mining 197 

Many Varieties of Marble 197 

Great Lumber Industry 198 

Area of Clay Deposits 199 

Inexhaustible Building Stone 199 

Pearl Shells in Abundance 201 

Farming — A Garden Spot 201 



INDEX 231 

iKDUSTKIAL INTERESTS TAGE 

Poultry Suiimients Enonnous 202 

Publishing Interests 203 

Confederate Veteran 204 

jNIiscellaneous 

The State Archives 200 

The Classic Cmnberlinul 207 

An Ideal Climate 208 

Firestine, the Cleaner 209 

Cumberland River Bridges 209 

Nashville Writers 211 

Music and Art 212 

Fire Department 213 

Cumberland Telephone Headquarters 214 

The Telegraph in Nashville 215 

Street Car Facilities 217 

Dr. Gerard Troost 218 

Stahlman F>uilding 219 

Xecroes 

Mercy Hospital 221 

Greenwood Cemetery 221 

Greenv\-o(xl Park 222 

Walden Universitv 222 



APR » 1912 



I 




AMERICA'S 

^andsotticst Confectionery Parlor 

I NOT A BOAST— JUST FACTS I 




M.M.SKflLOW5KI.Prop 



NTRANCE TO PARLOR 




INTERIOR OP PARLOR. 



THIS DOESN'T SHOW OUR INDOOR GARDEN 

Creators of Perfection Candies 



PARTICULAR PLACE FOR PARTICULAR PEOPLE 




Our Offices and Store 



Are on the Nashville Terminal Tracks, Within 
a Stone's Throw of Union Station 

Our Location is Convenient to all Passenger Trains " 



I' 



CL 



Our friends and patrons are cor- 
dially invited to make our office 
their headquarters when visiting 
the city. We want you to inspect 
•our unsurpassed facilities for con- 
ducting an up-to-date hardware 
business. 



Exclusively Wholesale 




> 















C, vP 


















:.^:^>/-'.^^.i5^:iX:---/c^-.\ 









y % -.^^- 



^°-n^. V 



S' 






.^^ 







^ ^^ -I 






A 





^0^ 




,^1 <. 



c" . 








.0' 



o » o " .0 








?.°-'^, 







v^ 






^ _ 

V. "^ ^V^ °^ """O ^0 <j^ 








JiJNfi; 73 



Wt n. 



MANCHESTER, 
INDIANA 












